Light Microscopic and Ultrastructural Characteristics of Heterophil Toxicity and Left-shifting in Green Sea Turtles () from Taiwan.

Heterophil toxic change (TC) and left-shifting (LS) are widely used as indicators of accelerated granulopoiesis. However, the ultrastructure of heterophil TC and LS in sea turtles remain poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the ultrastructural characteristics of sea turtle TC and LS heterophils, compare the staining quality of accessible staining methods, and provide a better understanding of the clinical applications and limitations of heterophil TC and LS examinations.