Corrigendum to "Longitudinal Screening Detects Cognitive Stability and Behavioral Deterioration in ALS Patients".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/5969137.].

Longitudinal Screening Detects Cognitive Stability and Behavioral Deterioration in ALS Patients.

Objective: To evaluate longitudinal cognitive/behavioral change over 12 months in participants enrolled in the ALS Multicenter Cohort Study of Oxidative Stress (ALS COSMOS).

Methods: We analyzed data from 294 ALS participants, 134 of whom were studied serially. Change over time was evaluated controlling for age, sex, symptom duration, education, race, and ethnicity.

Association Between Dietary Intake and Function in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Importance: There is growing interest in the role of nutrition in the pathogenesis and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Objective: To evaluate the associations between nutrients, individually and in groups, and ALS function and respiratory function at diagnosis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional baseline analysis of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Multicenter Cohort Study of Oxidative Stress study was conducted from March 14, 2008, to February 27, 2013, at 16 ALS clinics throughout the United States among 302 patients with ALS symptom duration of 18 months or less.

Reanalysis of efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy for antepartum depression versus parenting education program: initial severity of depression as a predictor of treatment outcome.

Objective: Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is supported by substantial empirical evidence as a treatment for depression. Surprisingly, our recently reported randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial found no significant difference between interpersonal psychotherapy for antepartum depression (IPT-P) and a parenting education program (PEP) control condition for the treatment of prenatal depression. Because depression severity has been found to influence treatment response in antidepressant treatment trials, the current study reassessed IPT-P outcomes, limiting analyses to women with moderate depressive symptoms.

Rare variants in the neurotrophin signaling pathway implicated in schizophrenia risk.

Multiple lines of evidence corroborate impaired signaling pathways as relevant to the underpinnings of schizophrenia. There has been an interest in neurotrophins, since they are crucial mediators of neurodevelopment and in synaptic connectivity in the adult brain. Neurotrophins and their receptors demonstrate aberrant expression patterns in cortical areas for schizophrenia cases in comparison to control subjects.

A controlled clinical treatment trial of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed pregnant women at 3 New York City sites.

Objective: While treatment decisions for antepartum depression must be personalized to each woman and her illness, guidelines from the American Psychiatric Association and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology include the recommendation of psychotherapy for mild-to-moderate depression in pregnant women. Although we previously demonstrated the efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy for antepartum depression in a sample of Hispanic women, this study provides a larger, more diverse sample of African American, Hispanic, and white pregnant women from 3 New York City sites in order to provide greater generalizability.

Method: A 12-week bilingual, parallel-design, controlled clinical treatment trial compared interpersonal psychotherapy for antepartum depression to a parenting education program control group.

Monitoring metabolic side effects when initiating treatment with second-generation antipsychotic medication.

Objective: Published guidelines recommend metabolic monitoring for patients prescribed second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medications. This study determined monitoring rates, and examined predictors of monitoring, for total cholesterol and weight among patients prescribed SGAs during a period when awareness of metabolic side effects was emerging, but prior to the wide promulgation of guidelines.

Methods: This retrospective study used administrative data from four Veterans Health Administration facilities to examine monitoring rates for total cholesterol and weight during baseline and follow-up periods from October 1, 2000-September 30, 2003 among patients with schizophrenia initiating SGA treatment.

Sociocultural domains of depression among indigenous populations in Latin America.

Not enough research has been carried out on depression up to now in Latin America. The knowledge that has resulted from research activities in the USA or Europe offers limited generalizability to other regions of the world, including Latin America. In the Andean highlands of Ecuador, we found very high rates of moderate and severe depressive symptoms, a finding that must be interpreted within its cultural context.

Somatic and cognitive domains of depression in an underserved region of Ecuador: some cultural considerations.

Not enough research efforts on depression have been carried out up to now in Latin America. The knowledge that has resulted from research activities in the United States or Europe offers limited generalizability to other regions of the world, including Latin America. In the Andean highlands of Ecuador, we found very high rates of moderate and severe depressive symptoms, a finding that must be interpreted within its cultural context.

Anterior hippocampal and orbitofrontal cortical structural brain abnormalities in association with cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

Objective: Numerous studies have implicated the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. However, precisely which subregions of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are abnormal remain unknown. Our study goal was to investigate the structure of the anterior hippocampus, posterior hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) simultaneously in thirty-eight patients with schizophrenia and twenty-nine controls to determine which of these subregions are abnormal in schizophrenia.

Childhood trauma and prodromal symptoms among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.

Introduction: Numerous studies point to an association between childhood trauma and the later development of psychotic illness. However, little is known about the prevalence of childhood trauma and its relationship to attenuated positive and other symptoms in individuals at heightened clinical risk for psychosis.

Method: Thirty clinical high-risk patients (83% male, 43% Caucasian, and with a mean age of 19) were ascertained from the New York metropolitan area and evaluated for prodromal and affective symptoms, and queried regarding experiences of childhood trauma and abuse.

Temporal association of cannabis use with symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.

Background: Cannabis use is reported to increase the risk for psychosis, but no prospective study has longitudinally examined drug use and symptoms concurrently in clinical high risk cases.

Method: We prospectively followed for up to 2 years 32 cases who met research criteria for prodromal psychosis to examine the relationship between substance use and clinical measures.

Results: Cases with a baseline history of cannabis use (41%) were older, but did not differ in clinical measures.

Delusions in individuals with schizophrenia: factor structure, clinical correlates, and putative neurobiology.

Background: Delusions are a central feature of schizophrenia, yet our understanding of their neurobiology is limited. Attempt to link dimensions of psychopathology to putative neurobiological mechanisms depends on careful delineation of symptoms. Previous factor analytic studies of delusions in schizophrenia were limited by several methodological problems, including the use of patients medicated with antipsychotics, inclusion of nondelusion symptoms in the analyses, and/or inclusion of patients with psychotic disorders other than schizophrenia.

Trail making and olfaction in schizophrenia: implications for processing speed.

Background: Previous research has established a relationship between smell identification deficits (SID) and particular aspects of cognitive function among patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: To expand the extant literature, we examined the relationship between SID and the Trail Making Test to determine if processing speed is related to SID.

Methods: Our sample included 60 inpatients from the New York State Psychiatric Institute's Schizophrenia Research Unit.