Predictors, patterns, and correlates of moderate-severe psychological distress among New York City College Students during Waves 2-4 of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated mental health conditions by introducing and/or modifying stressors, particularly in university populations. We examined longitudinal patterns, time-varying predictors, and contemporaneous correlates of moderate-severe psychological distress (MS-PD) among college students. During 2020-2021, participants completed self-administered questionnaires quarterly (T1 = 562, T2 = 334, T3 = 221, and T4 = 169).

Biofouling dynamics and antifouling innovations: Transitioning from traditional biocides to nanotechnological interventions.

Biofouling is a common phenomenon caused by waterborne organisms such as bacteria, diatoms, mussels, barnacles, algae, etc., accumulating on the surfaces of engineering structures submerged under water. This leads to corrosion of such surfaces and decreases their moving efficiency.

Posterior Positivity Distribution Analysis of Subclinical Bluetongue in the Eastern and North-Eastern States of India: A Wakeup Call for Outbreak Preparedness.

Bluetongue (BT) is considered endemic in the southern states of India, with sporadic incidences reported from the northern, western and central parts of India. However, the eastern and north-eastern states of India have not experienced active disease so far. In the recent past, an extensive sero-epidemiological investigation was carried out in the eastern and north-eastern Indian states.

High-Density Polyethylene-Polypropylene Blends: Examining the Relationship Between Nano/Microscale Phase Separation and Thermomechanical Properties.

The phase separation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-polypropylene (PP) blends was studied using atomic force microscopy in tapping mode to obtain height and phase images. The results are compared with those from scanning electron microscopy imaging and are connected to the thermomechanical properties of the blends, characterised through differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile testing. Pure PP, as well as 10:90 and 20:80 weight ratio HDPE-PP blends, showed a homogeneous morphology, but the 25:75 HDPE-PP blends exhibited a sub-micrometre droplet-matrix structure, and the 50:50 HDPE-PP blends displayed a more complex co-continuous nano/microphase-separated structure.

Perinatal Outcomes and Management of Umbilical Vein Varix: A Comprehensive Review of 392 Cases.

Case reports and case series have linked umbilical vein varices (UVVs) with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Newer case reports and series suggest better perinatal outcomes in cases with an isolated UVV. The purpose of this literature review is to determine if there is commonality in management, outcomes, and association in pregnancy with UVV and fetal aneuploidy, growth restriction, demise, thrombosis, and turbulent flow.

Exploring the impact of deleterious missense nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the DRD4 gene using computational approaches.

Dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) plays a vital role in regulating various physiological functions, including attention, impulse control, and sleep, as well as being associated with various neurological diseases, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, novelty seeking, and so on. However, a comprehensive analysis of harmful nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of the DRD4 gene and their effects remains unexplored. The aim of this study is to uncover novel damaging missense nsSNPs and their structural and functional effects on the DRD4 receptor.

Carbon stock quantification and climate mitigation potential of a tropical moist forest in Ethiopia.

The significance of forests in absorbing and storing carbon plays a crucial role in international greenhouse gas policies outlined by the United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change (UNFCC). This study was conducted in a typical tropical moist forest of Ethiopia to assess its carbon stock, a critical issue in climate policy. The study domain was divided into six strata using elevation criteria.

Transitions in intensive care: Investigating critical slowing down post extubation.

Complex biological systems undergo sudden transitions in their state, which are often preceded by a critical slowing down of dynamics. This results in longer recovery times as systems approach transitions, quantified as an increase in measures such as the autocorrelation and variance. In this study, we analysed paediatric patients in intensive care for whom mechanical ventilation was discontinued through removal of the endotracheal tube (extubation).

Maternal-Newborn ABO Blood Group Congruence Among Consecutive Births and Risk of Serious Neonatal Infection: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Differing ABO blood groups between a mother and her fetus may confer a lower risk of serious neonatal infection. How sensitization in the first pregnancy influences this phenomenon in a subsequent pregnancy is unclear. Accordingly, this study determined whether maternal-newborn ABO blood group incongruence in a first pregnancy further modifies the risk of serious infection in a subsequent pregnancy marked by ABO incongruency.

Leaching of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum via citric acid medium: optimization through central composite design and kinetics studies.

Due to limited resources of rare earth elements (REEs) and their high demand, these are subjected to supply constraints. So it is important to recover REEs from potential secondary resources. Phosphogypsum is the waste generated on an enormous scale (300 million metric tons per year) from the fertilizer industry.

Influence of Preoperative Depression on Cervical Spine Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: To quantify the association of preoperative depression on patient reported outcome measures (PROMS) after cervical spine surgery.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Neurophysiological and Cognitive Changes Induced by the Acute Head-Down Tilt.

Introduction: In space, under weightlessness conditions, human brain activity is changed due to the shifting of body fluid and blood toward the cephalic region. This shifting leads to changes in cerebral hemodynamics and, consequently, neurophysiological function, which impacts mental functions like cognition and decision-making capabilities of space travelers. The present study reports the effect of acute exposure to simulated microgravity on cognitive functions and event-related potentials.

Development and Pilot Implementation of a Theory-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation Protocol for Adults With Chronic Cognitive Complaints After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the development of and pilot feasibility outcomes for a strategy-based, brief, intensive cognitive rehabilitation intervention delivered to U.S. service members and veterans with mild traumatic brain injury in a recently completed 3-year pragmatic clinical trial: Symptom-Targeted Approach to Rehabilitation for Concussion (STAR-C).

Cost Analysis of Intravascular Ultrasound Guidance for Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Creation.

Purpose: To compare costs of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation versus non-IVUS-guided TIPS creation, accounting for differences in procedure time and resource utilization.

Materials And Methods: This single institution retrospective study estimated procedure time and resource utilization from 157 consecutive elective TIPS creation procedures, of which 91 were IVUS-guided and 66 were non-IVUS-guided. Differences in procedure costs were derived using time-driven activity-based costing.

Intervention With Concentrated Albumin for Undifferentiated Sepsis in the Emergency Department (ICARUS-ED): A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Study Objectives: Concentrated albumin early in sepsis resuscitation remains largely unexplored. Objectives were to determine 1) feasibility of early intervention with concentrated albumin in emergency department (ED) patients with suspected infection and hypoperfusion and 2) whether early albumin therapy improves outcomes.

Methods: ED patients with suspected infection and hypoperfusion (systolic blood pressure [SBP]<90 mmHg or lactate ≥4.

Sedation and Ventilator Weaning Bundle and Time to Extubation in Infants With Bronchiolitis: Secondary Analysis of the Sedation AND Weaning in Children (SANDWICH) Trial.

Objective: The Sedation and Weaning in Children (SANDWICH) trial of a sedation weaning and ventilator liberation bundle had a primary outcome of time to successful extubation, and showed significant but small difference. We explored the impact of the intervention on infants with bronchiolitis.

Design: Post hoc subgroup analysis of a cluster-randomized trial, 2018 to 2019 (ISRCTN16998143).

Extrafollicular Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors: A Series of Five Rare Cases with an Insight into Its Clinicopathological Aspects.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), first described by Steensland in 1905, are benign, slowly enlarging, nonaggressive, odontogenic epithelial neoplasms comprising 3%-7% of all odontogenic tumors. They tend to originate from the dental lamina remnants or the reduced enamel epithelium. Mutation at codon 12 of KRAS oncogene (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis.

Biofilm architecture and dynamics of the oral ecosystem.

The oral cavity, being a nutritionally enriched environment, has been proven to be an ideal habitat for biofilm development. Various microenvironments, including dental enamel, supra- and subgingival surfaces, salivary fluid, and the dorsal surface of the tongue, harbor diverse microbes. These biofilms typically consist of four major layers.

Healthcare worker views on antimicrobial resistance in chronic respiratory disease.

Background And Objective: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis, however, relatively little is known regarding its impact in chronic respiratory disease and the specific challenges faced by healthcare workers across the world in this field. We aimed to assess global healthcare worker views on the challenges they face regarding AMR in chronic respiratory disease.

Methods: An online survey was sent to healthcare workers globally working in chronic respiratory disease through a European Respiratory Society clinical research collaboration (AMR-Lung) focussed on AMR in chronic lung disease.

Development of an G Protein-Coupled Receptor Fragment Molecule Screening Approach with High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.

Small molecules are essential for investigating the pharmacology of membrane proteins and remain the most common approach for therapeutically targeting them. However, most experimental small molecule screening methods require ligands containing radiolabels or fluorescent labels and often involve isolating proteins from their cellular environment. Additionally, most conventional screening methods are suited for identifying compounds with moderate to higher affinities ( < 1 μM) and are less effective at detecting lower affinity compounds, such as weakly binding molecular fragments.