Copper induced augmentation of antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii MCC 3114.

Increasing antibiotic resistance among the common nosocomial pathogen i.e. Acinetobacter baumannii poses life threat to the health care workers as well as to the society.

Isolation and Characterization of in Bovine Milk from Rewa, India.

Mastitis in dairy animals affect milk quality and quantity, animal health and welfare, antimicrobial use and economics of dairy farm, and antimicrobial residues in milk. is most common mastitis pathogen with ability to cause infections which are difficult to treat. The present study aimed to characterize the strains associated with dairy animal with reference to its virulence, biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance including methicillin and penicillin G resistance.

Diagnostic Dilemma: Unusual Post-replacement Hip Pain Following Trauma Leading to Metallosis - A Case Report.

Introduction: Metallosis, characterized by the collection of metallic debris in periarticular tissues, is primarily associated with metal-on-metal bearings in hip arthroplasty. This report presents a rare case of metallosis after metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) total hip arthroplasty (THA), highlighting diagnostic challenges and management strategies. Metallosis following MoP arthroplasty is extremely rare, with only a limited number of documented cases in the literature.

The Expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in Radicular Cysts and Periapical Granulomas.

Objectives:  This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in radicular cysts and periapical granulomas, thereby contributing to the understanding of their potential significance in the differential diagnosis and treatment of these lesions.

Materials And Methods:  In the present cross-sectional study, 51 samples of periapical lesions were included. Of them, 24 samples were radicular cysts, and 27 samples were periapical granulomas.

LL-37, the master antimicrobial peptide, its multifaceted role from combating infections to cancer immunity.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a unique group of naturally occurring molecules having diverse biological activities, including potent antimicrobial properties. Among them, LL-37 has emerged as a significant player, demonstrating its multifaceted roles during bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, as well as exhibiting intriguing implications in cancer. This review delves into the versatile functions of LL-37, elucidating its mechanisms of action against microbial pathogens and its potential to modulate immune responses.

Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages: The role of MEK-STAT3 inhibition in lung cancer.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) crucially contribute to lung cancer's advancement and escape from the immune system. TAMs, particularly the M2 phenotype, promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment, facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. The MEK-STAT3 signalling pathway is a critical mediator in this process, driving TAM reprogramming and contributing to lung cancer's resistance to treatment.

Mirror hand and its management: a case report.

Background: Mirror hand is a rare congenital anomaly. Most of these cases are sporadic and associated with defective sonic hedgehog during embryogenesis. In this report, we present the case of a child with this rare congenital anomaly and its management.

Adaptive congestion control in IoT networks: Leveraging one-way delay for enhanced performance.

With the exploding number of IoT devices generating vast data volumes, there is a growing risk of significant performance degradation without efficient congestion management. To tackle this challenge, efficient regulation and supervision are essential for managing congestion in IoT networks. This research work introduces a One-Way-Delay (OWD)-based congestion control (CC) method that estimates data transmission delays of the communication path and adjusts network traffic accordingly.

Global vaccination against hepatitis E virus: position paper from the European society of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases viral hepatitis study group.

Scope: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a significant global health issue, impacting both low- and middle-income countries and industrialized nations. HEV genotypes 1 and 2, primarily transmitted through contaminated water, are endemic in low- and middle-income countries, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotically transmitted in industrialized regions. Acute HEV infection poses severe risks, particularly to pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, whereas chronic HEV infection leads to serious complications in those with pre-existing liver disease and transplant recipients.

Dexamethasone and IFN-γ primed mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media immunomodulates aberrant NETosis in SLE via PGE2 and IDO.

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by dysregulated immune responses, with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) playing a significant role. NETs are recognized by autoantibodies in SLE patients, exacerbating pathology. Both excessive NET formation and impaired degradation contribute to SLE pathophysiology.

The CHALO! 2.0 mHealth-Based Multilevel Intervention to Promote HIV Testing and Linkage-to-Care Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Mumbai, India: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Current programs to engage marginalized populations such as gay and bisexual individuals and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in HIV prevention interventions do not often reach all MSM who may benefit from them. To reduce the global burden of HIV, far-reaching strategies are needed to engage MSM in HIV prevention and treatment. Globally, including low- and middle-income countries, MSM are now widely using internet-based social and mobile technologies (SMTs; eg, dating apps, social media, and WhatsApp [Meta]), which provides an unprecedented opportunity to engage unreached and underserved groups, such as MSM for HIV prevention and care.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications in Drug Discovery and Drug Delivery: Revolutionizing Personalized Medicine.

Artificial intelligence (AI) encompasses a broad spectrum of techniques that have been utilized by pharmaceutical companies for decades, including machine learning, deep learning, and other advanced computational methods. These innovations have unlocked unprecedented opportunities for the acceleration of drug discovery and delivery, the optimization of treatment regimens, and the improvement of patient outcomes. AI is swiftly transforming the pharmaceutical industry, revolutionizing everything from drug development and discovery to personalized medicine, including target identification and validation, selection of excipients, prediction of the synthetic route, supply chain optimization, monitoring during continuous manufacturing processes, or predictive maintenance, among others.

IPv6 addressing strategy with improved secure duplicate address detection to overcome denial of service and reconnaissance attacks.

With technology development, the growing self-communicating devices in IoT networks require specific naming and identification, mainly provided by IPv6 addresses. The IPv6 address in the IoT network is generated by using the stateless auto address configuration (SLAAC) mechanism, and its uniqueness is ensured by the DAD protocol. Recent research suggests that IPv6 deployment can be a risky decision due to the existing SLAAC-based addressing scheme and the DAD protocol being prone to reconnaissance and denial of service (DoS) attacks.

Therapeutic Potential of lncRNAs in Regulating Disulfidptosis for Cancer Treatment.

Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in various cellular processes, including a novel form of regulated cell death known as disulfidptosis, characterized by accumulating protein disulfide bonds and severe endoplasmic reticulum stress. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of lncRNAs in regulating disulfidptosis for cancer treatment, emphasizing their influence on key pathway components such as GPX4, SLC7A11, and PDIA family members. Recent studies have demonstrated that targeting specific lncRNAs can sensitize cancer cells to disulfidptosis, offering a promising approach to cancer therapy.

Targeting the p53-p21 axis in liver cancer: Linking cellular senescence to tumor suppression and progression.

Liver cancer is a major health epidemic worldwide, mainly due to its high mortality rates and limited treatment options. The association of cellular senescence to tumorigenesis and the cancer hallmarks remains a subject of interest in cancer biology. The p53-p21 signalling axis is an important regulator in restoring the cell's balance by supporting tumor suppression and tumorigenesis in liver cancer.

Cobalamin Intake in North Indians by Food Frequency Questionnaire (COIN-FFQ) - A Development and Validation Study.

Background: Vitamin B deficiency is widely prevalent in all age groups which is of major concern. However, there is no valid Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary vitamin B estimation. Hence, we aimed to develop and validate an FFQ for the estimation of dietary intake of Vitamin B.

An unexpected parasite in bone marrow: Uncommon presentation of a common disease.

Elephantiasis, also known as filariasis, is a severe public health issue in India. Microfilariae in the bone marrow smears are an unusual and incidental finding. Every peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirate smear must be screened for microfilariae in endemic areas to identify asymptomatic carriers.

Unconditional stability of a recurrent neural circuit implementing divisive normalization.

Stability in recurrent neural models poses a significant challenge, particularly in developing biologically plausible neurodynamical models that can be seamlessly trained. Traditional cortical circuit models are notoriously difficult to train due to expansive nonlinearities in the dynamical system, leading to an optimization problem with nonlinear stability constraints that are difficult to impose. Conversely, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) excel in tasks involving sequential data but lack biological plausibility and interpretability.

Contemporary Marking Technique of End-to-Side Venous Anastomosis with Internal Jugular Vein in Head and Neck Free Flap Cases: An Experience of 200 Cases.

Background: Microvascular free tissue transfer is a popular option for reconstruction of the head and neck defects following tumor ablation. Many factors are involved in the achievement of a satisfactory outcome, namely, adequate selection of the donor flap and recipient vessels, proficient anastomosis technique and postoperative care including flap monitoring. Preferential use of end-to-side anastomosis to the internal jugular vein in head and neck reconstruction offers various advantages and has consistently yielded outstanding results.