Study of aggression and its factors among school going adolescents of Delhi, India.

Background: Adolescence is an important developmental phase of life associated with various ideas and emotions filled with energy, many times spent in the form of aggressive behavior. Mental Health, as an important part of healthy well-being, cannot be ignored, and hence it becomes imperative to study aggression and associated factors among adolescents.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of aggression among school-going adolescents and to study factors associated with aggression amongst study participants.

Comparative study on menstrual disorders in post-tubal ligated and non-ligated women.

Background: The term post-tubal sterilization syndrome has been used variously to include abnormal menstrual bleeding, pre-menstrual dysmenorrhea distress, hysterectomy, and miscellaneous other conditions like the need for recanalization, the feeling of regret, and menopausal syndrome.

Objectives: To compare the menstrual disorders in post-tubal ligated and non-ligated women and also to compare the histopathology of endometrium in both post-tubal ligated and non-ligated groups in order to compare the menstrual disorders.

Materials And Methods: It is a comparative cross-sectional study on 200 women between 30 and 50 years, divided into two groups and further into two sub-groups in each group.

HIV positive children living in orphanages and home care: Assessment of nutritional deficiencies and opportunistic infections.

Objectives: With the introduction of antiretroviral treatment (ART), opportunistic infections (OIs) reduced a lot and most HIV-associated OIs are preventable and treatable with safe cost-effective interventions. But however, in order to prevent and early diagnosis, we need to have baseline estimation of OIs among HIV positive children and other factors associated, especially nutritional deficiencies.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in pediatric outpatient department (OPD) of a large multicentric hospital among 106 children.

A rare case of spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy with intrauterine gestational trophoblastic neoplasia and tubal ectopic pregnancy at a remote secondary care hospital.

A simultaneous presence of intrauterine and extrauterine gestation is called as heterotopic pregnancy (HP). The incidence of spontaneous HP is 1: 30000, which is very rare. In this case report, we are reporting a rare case of spontaneous HP in a 40-year-old lady with intrauterine gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) and ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy in a remotely located secondary care hospital.

Knowledge and practices of bioethics - Need for periodic assessment and reinstatement for budding family physicians.

Objective: The study has been designed to assess the knowledge of ethics amongst young students and professionals, and practices of health care ethics among medical professionals in a government teaching hospital in India.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out at one of the teaching hospitals in Southern India with a sample size of 84 among fresh medical graduates, post-graduate trainees, and young consultants with work experience of 6 months to 8 years. The data were collected by means of a structured and validated questionnaire, and the questionnaire was administered before and after a lecture/seminar on ethical principles, and results were analyzed using SPSS software.

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) practices among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) - need to relook, in the era of COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) practices always have been neglected among HIV/AIDS (Human immunodeficiency virus/ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) programs, even when HIV and WaSH services have robust bearing on each other. With COVID-19 pandemic on the go, it is utmost necessary for the people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) to ensure adequate WaSH practices.

Objective: This study was carried out with an objective to assess baseline WaSH practices among PLHA and to find out if any association between nutritional status and WaSH parameters so as to identify the shortcomings and highlight the importance of WaSH practices among PLHAs and give suitable recommendations to program managers.

Intussusception - A common entity but seldom diagnosed (lesson learnt from case series for family physicians).

Intussusception is one of the common causes of acute abdomen in paediatric age bracket with ileocolic type being the most prevalent. This happens when a proximal segment of bowel (intussusceptum) telescopes into the lumen of the adjacent distal segment (intussuscepiens). Here we report six cases of intussusception in which five were in paediatric age group and one was adult.

Comparison of nutritional status of HIV positive children with homecare and institutional care/ orphanage - An eye opener cross sectional study.

Background: Nutrition has an important bearing on the health of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive children. Ascertaining the nutritional demands correctly and provisioning the nutritional needs to HIV positive/ Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) children will go a long way in maximizing the therapeutic benefits reaped through ever improving pharmaceutical initiatives, and thus, contribute to prolonging the longevity of these children who have a whole life ahead of them.

Objectives: To study the nutritional status, including dietary assessment and anemia status of HIV-positive children, and compare the outcomes among children under homecare (staying with families) and orphanages/institutional care.

Non-communicable disease risk factors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) - A relook during the covid-19 pandemic.

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in syndemic due to factors like overcrowding, loneliness, poor nutrition, and lack of access to health care services. With the ongoing pandemic, people with NCDs, including PLHA, are at high risk for developing severe and even fatal Covid-19 infections. Our study, which was carried out prior to the pandemic gives us an insight into the NCD risk factors profile of PLHAs so that effective interventions could be initiated to protect them from Covid-19 severity and NCDs.