Mechanical Revascularization in the Era of the Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination (FAST-ED): A Retrospective Cohort Assessment in a Community Stroke Practice.

Background: Endovascular mechanical revascularization has become the mainstay acute stroke management secondary to emergent large vessel occlusions. In patients who can benefit from mechanical revascularization, the ability to intervene in a timely manner directly correlates with improved outcomes. The field assessment for stroke triage (FAST-ED) prehospital triage tool, is one of many stroke severity scales designed to decrease time to diagnosis in the field and optimize patient triage to comprehensive stroke centers.

MRI myelography for diagnosis and targeted blood patching of multilevel thoracic spine CSF leaks: Report of 2 cases.

In patients with occult cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks or CSF leak syndrome, orthostatic headaches are a common presenting symptom. Although computed tomography (CT) myelography has historically been the gold standard for diagnosis with radioisotope cisternography as a diagnostic alternative, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) myelography using intrathecal gadolinium has reported sensitivity of 80%-87%. Two patients with spontaneous orthostatic headaches lasting for several days were diagnosed with CSF leaks at multiple thoracic segments using MRI myelogram with intrathecal gadolinium (Gadavist, Bayer, Whippany, NJ).

Functional Independence After Stroke Thrombectomy Using Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction Grade 2c: A New Aim of Successful Revascularization.

Background: Within the Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (TICI) classification, TICI 2b has been historically considered successful recanalization. However, TICI 2b may result in worse functional outcomes compared with TICI 3 or a proposed TICI 2c revascularization grade. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in functional independence at 90 days between TICI 2b, 2c, and 3 grades.

Navien catheter experience in neuroendovascular interventions.

Purpose Advancements in catheter technology have allowed for greater flexibility and trackability. We report 265 consecutive, single-center neurointerventional cases using the Navien guide catheter. Materials and methods Retrospective analysis was performed of consecutive intracranial endovascular procedures utilizing the Navien catheter.

Use of Pipeline Flex is associated with reduced fluoroscopy time, procedure time, and technical failure compared with the first-generation Pipeline embolization device.

Background: Flow diversion with the Pipeline embolization device is a well-established method of intracranial aneurysm treatment. However, deployment of the first-generation device (Pipeline Classic) can be technically challenging. The Pipeline Flex contains the same flow-diverting stent with a modified delivery system.

CT Perfusion Dynamics of Intracranial Tuberculomas.

Aims: To study perfusion characteristics of intracranial tuberculomas and analyze changes with anti tubercular treatment.

Materials And Methods: Nineteen patients of histologically proven intracranial tuberculomas were included in the study of which 9 were not on antitubercular treatment and ten were on antitubercular treatment (6 patients on treatment for less than 2 months and 4 were more than 6 months). All patients underwent CT perfusion (CTP) and CTP parameters like rCBV and rCBF were obtained from entire lesion, center and capsule of lesions and compared.

Role of dynamic CT perfusion study in evaluating various intracranial space-occupying lesions.

Aims: Differentiating intracranial mass lesions on CT scan is challenging. The purpose of our study was to determine the perfusion parameters in various intracranial space-occupying lesions (ICSOL), differentiate benign and malignant lesions, and differentiate between grades of gliomas.

Materials And Methods: We performed CT perfusion (CTP) in 64 patients, with age ranging from 17 to 68 years, having space-occupying lesions in brain and calculated relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV).

Energy status and metabolism in intracranial space occupying lesions: a prospective 31p spectroscopic study.

Aim: Intracranial space occupying lesions can be infective or tumour. There are various advanced Magnetic resonance imaging techniques like perfusion, diffusion and proton spectroscopy which can differentiate between them. However, (31) Phosphorus spectroscopy studies the energy status and the metabolism pattern of various tissues and can be used potentially to differentiate between them depending on their Metabolism pattern.

In silico study of low-frequency transcranial ultrasound fields in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Ultrasound in the sub-megahertz range enhances thrombolysis and may be applied transcranially to ischemic stroke patients. The consistency of transcranial insonification needs to be evaluated. Acoustic and thermal simulations based on computed-tomography (CT) scans of 20 patients were performed.

Treatment of cerebral aneurysms-surgical clipping or endovascular coiling: the guiding principles.

Cerebral aneurysms represent common intracranial vascular lesions encountered in neurosurgical practice. The clinical presentation is varied, ranging from asymptomatic lesions to those presenting with catastrophic intracranial hemorrhage. Aneurysm treatment has been a rapidly evolving field with numerous technical innovations, especially in the last two decades.

Experimental validation of a finite-difference model for the prediction of transcranial ultrasound fields based on CT images.

The prevalence of stroke worldwide and the paucity of effective therapies have triggered interest in the use of transcranial ultrasound as an adjuvant to thrombolytic therapy. Previous studies have shown that 120 kHz ultrasound enhanced thrombolysis and allowed efficient penetration through the temporal bone. The objective of our study was to develop an accurate finite-difference model of acoustic propagation through the skull based on computed tomography (CT) images.

Gray matter volume deficits in spinocerebellar ataxia: an optimized voxel based morphometric study.

Introduction: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are a group of autosomal dominant ataxias with varied clinical phenotypes. However there are no unique distinguishing features on routine neuroimaging among the various genetically defined SCAs. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) provides an automated unbiased analysis of structural MRI scans and gives a comprehensive assessment of anatomical differences throughout the brain.

Altered processing of visual memory in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis: an FMRI study.

Introduction: Hippocampal complex and neocortex play distinct, complementary roles in processing of memory, which is impaired in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS).

Method: Ten right-sided MTS patients and 10 controls were prospectively assessed by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) using encoding and retrieval of visual memory tasks. Image analyses were done using SPM2 and voxels showing activity with T-score>4 were considered significant.

Epilepsia partialis continua in mitochondrial dysfunction: Interesting phenotypic and MRI observations.

An 11-year-old girl manifested with photophobia, ptosis, external ophthalmoplegia, hypotonia, weakness of proximal limb muscles, hyporeflexia, and generalized seizures (six months). Her elder sister had had uncontrolled seizures and photophobia and died at seven years of age. In the patient, serum lactate was high (55 mg/dl).

Central pontine signal changes in Wilson's disease: distinct MRI morphology and sequential changes with de-coppering therapy.

Background And Purpose: Reports of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM)-like changes in Wilson's disease (WD) and its sequential changes are exceptional. The aim was to study the MRI characteristics of CPM-like changes in WD and the serial changes.

Methods: Among the 121 patients of WD, twenty (M:F:9:11, age at onset: 14.