Cardiovascular diseases in patients with cancer: A comprehensive review of epidemiological trends, cardiac complications, and prognostic implications.

This article provides an overview of the current evidence on the epidemiology, overlapping risk factors, and pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with cancer. It explores the cardiotoxic effects of anticancer therapy and their impact on prognosis. Although cancer survival rates have improved over the last two decades, the risk of CVD has risen over time in patients with cancer.

Association of Polypharmacy and Burden of Comorbidities on COVID-19 Adverse Outcomes in People with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: It is widely accepted that the higher the number of medications prescribed and taken by an individual, the higher the risk of poor health outcomes. We have investigated whether polypharmacy and comorbidities conveyed more risk of adverse health outcomes following COVID-19 infection (as a paradigm of serious viral infections in general) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: The Greater Manchester Care Record (GMCR) is an integrated database of electronic health records containing data collected from 433 general practices in Greater Manchester.

Referral to the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme and conversion from nondiabetic hyperglycaemia to type 2 diabetes mellitus in England: A matched cohort analysis.

Background: The NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (NDPP) is a behaviour change programme for adults who are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): people with raised blood glucose levels, but not in the diabetic range, diagnosed with nondiabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH). We examined the association between referral to the programme and reducing conversion of NDH to T2DM.

Methods And Findings: Cohort study of patients attending primary care in England using clinical Practice Research Datalink data from 1 April 2016 (NDPP introduction) to 31 March 2020 was used.

Investigating the impact of distance on the use of primary care extended hours.

Introduction: Poor access to general practice services has been attributed to increasing pressure on the health system more widely and low satisfaction among patients. Recent initiatives in England have sought to expand access by the provision of appointments in the evening and at weekends. Services are provided using a hub model.

Epidemiology and determinants of non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and its conversion to type 2 diabetes mellitus, 2000-2015: cohort population study using UK electronic health records.

Objectives: To study the characteristics of UK individuals identified with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH) and their conversion rates to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 2000 to 2015, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Design: Cohort study.

Settings: UK primary Care Practices.

Sociodemographic disparities in non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and the transition to type 2 diabetes: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Aim: To explore whether there are social inequalities in non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH) and in transitions to type 2 diabetes mellitus and NDH low-risk status in England.

Methods: Some 9143 men and women aged over 50 years were analysed from waves 2, 4, 6 and 8 (2004-2016) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Participants were categorized as: NDH 'low-risk' [HbA < 42 mmol/mol (< 6.

Importance of Frailty for Association of Antipsychotic Drug Use With Risk of Fracture: Cohort Study Using Electronic Health Records.

Objective: To evaluate association of first- or second-generation antipsychotic (AP) drugs with fracture risk at different levels of frailty over the age of 80 years.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Setting And Participants: United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink including 153,304 patients aged 80 years and older between 2006 and 2015.

Long-term trends in antithrombotic drug prescriptions among adults aged 80 years and over from primary care: a temporal trends analysis using electronic health records.

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate trends in antithrombotic prescriptions from 2001 to 2015 among people aged 80 years and over within clinical indications.

Methods: A prospective cohort study with 215,559 participants registered with the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink from 2001 to 2015 was included in the analyses. The prevalence and incidence of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs were estimated for each year and by five clinical indications.

Incidence and mortality of fractures by frailty level over 80 years of age: cohort study using UK electronic health records.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the association of frailty with incidence and mortality of fractures at different sites in people aged over 80 years.

Design: Cohort study.

Setting: UK family practices from 2001 to 2014.

Inception and deprescribing of statins in people aged over 80 years: cohort study.

Objective: statin use over the age of 80 years is weakly evidence-based. This study aimed to estimate rates of statin inception and deprescribing by frailty level in people aged 80 years or older.

Methods: a cohort of 212,566 participants aged ≥80 years was sampled from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Trajectory of Total Cholesterol in the Last Years of Life Over Age 80 Years: Cohort Study of 99,758 Participants.

Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that lower total cholesterol (TC) may be associated with higher mortality. This study aimed to evaluate whether a decline in TC before death might account for the association of TC with mortality over age 80 years.

Methods: Cohort study using primary care electronic health records of 99,758 participants aged 80-105 years from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Declining blood pressure and intensification of blood pressure management among people over 80 years: cohort study using electronic health records.

Background: Management of high blood pressure (BP) in people over 80 years is controversial, but there is limited information available concerning the uptake of hypertension treatment at this age.

Objective: To evaluate use of antihypertensive drugs and changes in SBP and DBP from 2001 to 2014 in men and women aged 80 years and over.

Methods: Cohort study using primary care electronic health records of 265 225 participants from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Systolic Blood Pressure Trajectory, Frailty, and All-Cause Mortality >80 Years of Age: Cohort Study Using Electronic Health Records.

Background: Clinical trials show benefit from lowering systolic blood pressure (SBP) in people ≥80 years of age, but nonrandomized epidemiological studies suggest lower SBP may be associated with higher mortality. This study aimed to evaluate associations of SBP with all-cause mortality by frailty category >80 years of age and to evaluate SBP trajectories before death.

Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted using electronic health records of 144 403 participants ≥80 years of age registered with family practices in the United Kingdom from 2001 to 2014.

Frailty and bone health in European men.

Background: frailty is associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures. Less is known, however, about the association between frailty and bone health.

Methods: men aged 40-79 years were recruited from population registers in eight European centres for participation in the European Male Aging Study.

Longitudinal Trends in Hypertension Management and Mortality Among Octogenarians: Prospective Cohort Study.

The role of hypertension management among octogenarians is controversial. In this long-term follow-up (>10 years) study, we estimated trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control among octogenarians, and evaluated the relationship of systolic blood pressure (SBP) ranges with mortality. Data were based on the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA).

Chronic widespread pain is associated with worsening frailty in European men.

Background: we hypothesised that chronic widespread pain (CWP), by acting as a potential stressor, may predispose to the development of, or worsening, frailty.

Setting: longitudinal analysis within the European Male Ageing Study (EMAS).

Participants: a total of 2,736 community-dwelling men aged 40-79.

Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone with mortality among middle-aged and older European men.

Background: vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of mortality, but whether this relationship is causal or linked to co-existent comorbidity and adverse life factors remains uncertain. Our objective was to determine whether endogenous 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels predicted all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality independently of health and lifestyle factors.

Setting: : prospective cohort analysis within the European Male Ageing Study.

Genome-wide association analysis identifies 13 new risk loci for schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is an idiopathic mental disorder with a heritable component and a substantial public health impact. We conducted a multi-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) for schizophrenia beginning with a Swedish national sample (5,001 cases and 6,243 controls) followed by meta-analysis with previous schizophrenia GWAS (8,832 cases and 12,067 controls) and finally by replication of SNPs in 168 genomic regions in independent samples (7,413 cases, 19,762 controls and 581 parent-offspring trios). We identified 22 loci associated at genome-wide significance; 13 of these are new, and 1 was previously implicated in bipolar disorder.

The ability of three different models of frailty to predict all-cause mortality: results from the European Male Aging Study (EMAS).

Few studies have directly compared the ability of the most commonly used models of frailty to predict mortality among community-dwelling individuals. Here, we used a frailty index (FI), frailty phenotype (FP), and FRAIL scale (FS) to predict mortality in the EMAS. Participants were aged 40-79 years (n=2929) at baseline and 6.

The association of frailty with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels in older European men.

Background: the link between the vitamin D endocrine axis and frailty remains undefined, with few studies examining the joint effect of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Our objective was to determine the association of frailty with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and PTH.

Setting: cross-sectional analysis within the European Male Ageing Study (EMAS).

Frailty and sexual health in older European men.

Background: There has been little research on how late-life frailty interrelates with sexual health. Our objective was to examine the association of frailty with sexual functioning and satisfaction among older men.

Methods: The study population consisted of 1,504 men aged 60 to 79 years, participating in the European Male Aging Study.

Musculoskeletal frailty: a geriatric syndrome at the core of fracture occurrence in older age.

A progressive decline in physiologic reserves inevitably occurs with ageing. Frailty results from reaching a threshold of decline across multiple organ systems. By consequence, frail elderly experience an excess vulnerability to stressors and are at high risk for functional deficits and comorbid disorders, possibly leading to institutionalization, hospitalization and death.