Dual ECM Biomimetic Scaffolds for Dental Pulp Regenerative Applications.

Dental pulp is a highly vascularized and innervated tissue that provides sensitivity and vitality to the tooth. Chronic caries results in an infected pulp tissue prone to necrosis. Existing clinical treatments replace the living pulp tissue with a non-responsive resin filling resulting in loss of tooth vitality.

Poly(Adenosine Phosphate Ribose) Polymerase 1 Inhibition Enhances Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Secretion in Dental Pulp Stem Cell-derived Odontoblastlike Cells.

Introduction: The nuclear enzyme poly(adenosine phosphate ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) has been implicated in the maintenance and differentiation of several stem cells. The role of PARP-1 in dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) differentiation, especially in the context of its ability to modulate nerve regeneration factors, has not been investigated. Regeneration of neuronal components in pulp tissue is important for the assessment of tooth vitality.

Monoclonal Antibodies to Intracellular Stages of Cryptosporidium parvum Define Life Cycle Progression .

Among the obstacles hindering research is the lack of an culture system that supports complete life development and propagation. This major barrier has led to a shortage of widely available anti- antibodies and a lack of markers for staging developmental progression. Previously developed antibodies against were raised against extracellular stages or recombinant proteins, leading to antibodies with limited reactivity across the parasite life cycle.

Effect of Sodium Thiosulfate Postconditioning on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rat Heart.

The recent research on the therapeutic applications of sodium thiosulfate (STS) has gained importance in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Progressively through the present work, we have demonstrated that postconditioning of isolated rat heart subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury using STS had preserved the mitochondrial structure, function, and number. Heart comprising of two mitochondrial subpopulations interfibrillar (IFM-involved in contractile function) and subsarcolemmal (SSM-involved in metabolic function), STS postconditioning imparted a state of hypometabolism to SSM, thereby reducing the metabolic demand of the reperfused heart.

Fisetin Confers Cardioprotection against Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inhibiting Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Activity.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Timely reperfusion is considered an optimal treatment for AMI. Paradoxically, the procedure of reperfusion can itself cause myocardial tissue injury.

Changes in estrogenicity and micropollutant concentrations across unit processes in a biological wastewater treatment system.

The behavior of 10 micropollutants, i.e. four estrogens (estrone, 17β-estradiol, estriol, 17α-ethynylestradiol), carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), triclosan, oxybenzone, 4-nonylphenol, and bisphenol A, was investigated in a typical domestic wastewater treatment plant.

Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Distribution and Permeability of Nanomedicine.

Background: Medical application of nanotechnology is termed as Nanomedicine and is widely used in healthcare industries. Nanotechnology has helped Physicians, Scientists and Technologists to understand the changes in cellular levels to develop nanomedicines and address the challenges faced by the healthcare sectors. Nanoparticles with less than 1nm in size have been used as drug delivery and gene delivery systems to accelerate the drug action in humans.

Sequestration and utilization of carbon dioxide by chemical and biological methods for biofuels and biomaterials by chemoautotrophs: Opportunities and challenges.

To meet the CO emission reduction targets, carbon dioxide capture and utilization (CCU) comes as an evolve technology. CCU concept is turning into a feedstock and technologies have been developed for transformation of CO into useful organic products. At industrial scale, utilization of CO as raw material is not much significant as compare to its abundance.

Sodium thiosulfate mediated cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is defunct in rat heart with co-morbidity of vascular calcification.

Sodium thiosulfate (STS) has shown promising effects in amelioration of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR) in a rat model and is clinically useful in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated calciphylaxis. As the prevalence of cardiac complications is higher in CKD, we tested the effectiveness of STS in a rat model of adenine-induced vascular calcification and subjected the heart to IR. We observed an increased infarct size (29%) by TTC staining, lactate dehydrogenase (54%) and creatine kinase (32%) release in the coronary perfusate and altered hemodynamics compared to a normal rat treated with STS and subjected to IR.

Renal mitochondria can withstand hypoxic/ischemic injury secondary to renal failure in uremic rats pretreated with sodium thiosulfate.

Background: Sodium thiosulfate (STS) is a potent drug used to treat calcific uremic arteriopathy in dialysis patients and its mode of action is envisaged by calcium chelation and antioxidant potential. STS's action on mitochondrial dysfunction, one of the major players in the pathology of vascular calcification is yet to be explored.

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Response of letter to the editor on Procalcitonin: a promising diagnostic marker for sepsis and antibiotic therapy.

In a letter to the editor, Raineri SM et al. have given an insight of another dimension of procalcitonin (PCT) use as a diagnostic tool in invasive candidiasis. But based on our preliminary information, PCT is reported as unconventional modes of diagnosis approach which yet to prove its stand-alone biomarker properties for invasive candidiasis.

Population transcriptomics in Daphnia: The role of thermal selection.

The complex interplay of forces influencing genetic divergence among populations complicates the discovery of the genetic basis underlying local adaptation. Here, we utilized for the first time a combined reverse ecology and population transcriptomic approach to assess the contribution of thermal selection to population differentiation, thereby considering transcriptome-wide variation in both gene expression profiles and DNA sequences. We compared transcriptomes among four Daphnia galeata populations and identified transcripts potentially responding to local thermal selection based on an extensive literature search for candidate genes possibly under thermal selection in arthropods.

Identifying Information Resources for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit and Their Families.

Background: Providing information to patients in intensive care units and their families is challenging. Patients often are admitted unexpectedly and experience stress and uncertainty. One source of stress has been identified as unclear, uncoordinated, or inconsistent communication and information.

Initial experiences with NAM-assisted primary repair of the BCLP deformity.

Background: Primary surgical repair of the bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) deformity is challenging. Infant Orthopedic (IO) procedures are often used to assist surgical reconstruction of normal anatomy. Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) is a presurgical infant orthopedic procedure that attempts to reduce the cleft nasal deformity, in addition to the lip and alveolus, leading to an esthetic primary surgical repair.

Role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide in cardiac mitochondrial preservation during ischemia reperfusion injury.

Cardio-protective effect of hydrogen sulfide (HS) against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) via preservation of mitochondria is well documented. But the distinct role of exogenous and endogenous HS in cardio-protection and its dependency on functional cardiac mitochondria is not understood. The present study was designed to investigate the role of exogenous HS preconditioning on cardiac mitochondrial subpopulation namely interfibrillar (IFM) and subsarcolemmal (SSM), in attenuating I/R injury in an isolated rat heart model in the absence of endogenous HS production.