Cadaveric Study of Topographic Anatomy of Temporal and Marginal Mandibular Branches of the Facial Nerve in Relation to Temporomandibular Joint Surgery.

Purpose: Detailed anatomy of the facial nerve, including the variations among different ethnic groups, is essential to prevent an iatrogenic injury. The purpose of the study was to document topographic anatomy of temporal and marginal mandibular (MM) branches of the facial nerve in relation to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery. The specific aim was to demonstrate detailed course of temporal and MM nerves, their surgical implications, and to compare the results obtained with the previous studies.

Evaluation of Success of Transport Disc Distraction Osteogenesis and Costochondral Graft for Ramus Condyle Unit Reconstruction in Pediatric Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis.

Purpose: The costochondral graft (CCG) is considered the reference standard for pediatric temporomandibular joint reconstruction. It has the disadvantages of unpredictable growth, donor site morbidity, and the need for intermaxillary fixation. It has been reported that transport disk distraction osteogenesis (TDDO) can result in the formation of a neocondyle and disc.

Multistep Grading System for Evaluation of Chronic Ocular Sequelae in Patients With Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.

Purpose: To propose a new scoring system for grading of chronic ocular sequelae in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS).

Design: Reliability and validity analysis.

Methods: Participants: Four hundred eyes of 200 patients with chronic ocular SJS/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) were included in the study.

Nutritional risk factors and status of serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with breast cancer: A case control study in India.

To study the nutritional risk factors and status of serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with breast cancer. A total of 100 women (cases) with confirmed breast cancer (BC) matched with equal number of healthy females (controls) of similar age and socioeconomic status (SES) were included in study. Controls included were nonbreast cancer patients who accompanied the patients to a tertiary care hospital.

Prognostic Utility of Clinical Epilepsy Severity Score Versus Pretreatment Hypsarrhythmia Scoring in Children With West Syndrome.

This cross-sectional study assessed the impact of clinical epilepsy severity and pretreatment hypsarrhythmia severity on epilepsy and cognitive outcomes in treated children with West syndrome. Thirty-three children, aged 1 to 5 years, with infantile spasms were enrolled if pretreatment EEG records were available, after completion of ≥1 year of onset of spasms. Neurodevelopment was assessed by Development Profile 3 and Gross Motor Function Classification System.

Case control study: magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain in HIV infected patients.

Background: In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) studies on brain in HIV infected patients have shown significant alteration in neuro-biochemicals.

Methods: In this study, we measured the neuro-biochemical metabolites from the left frontal white matter (FWM) and left basal ganglia (BG) caudate head nucleus in 71 subjects that include 30 healthy controls, 20 asymptomatic HIV and 21 HIV patients with CNS lesion. Proton MR spectra were acquired at 3 T MRI system and the concentration (institutional units) of tNAA (N-acetylaspartate, NAA + N-acetylaspartylglutamate, NAAG), tCr (Creatine, Cr + phosphocreatine, PCr), choline containing compounds (tCho), glutamate + glutamine (Glx) and lipid and macromolecules at 0.

Comparison of interferon gamma release assay & tuberculin skin tests for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in patients on maintenance haemodialysis.

Background & Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infection in patients on haemodialysis. There is a definite role of treatment of latent TB (LTB) in these patients. However, diagnosis of LTB in these patients by tuberculin skin test (TST) is unreliable.

Intermittent Directly Observed Therapy for Abdominal Tuberculosis: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing 6 Months Versus 9 Months of Therapy.

Background: The duration of treatment of gastrointestinal tuberculosis continues to be a matter of debate. The World Health Organization advocates intermittent directly observed short-course therapy (DOTs), but there is a lack of data of its efficacy in abdominal tuberculosis. We therefore conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial to compare 6 months and 9 months of antituberculosis therapy using DOTs.

Corneal Polishing After Pterygium Excision With Motorized Diamond Burr: A Randomized Control Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes of motorized diamond burr polishing versus manual polishing after pterygium excision.

Setting: Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, New Delhi.

Immediate autotransplantation of third molars: an experience of 57 cases.

Objective: We present our experience of success with immediate third molar transplants in young individuals while secondarily assessing factors predicting failure.

Study Design: A total of 57 cases of third molar transplant with both open and closed apices were studied in individuals aged 15 to 25 years. Factors influencing prognosis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Neurodevelopmental and epilepsy outcome in children aged one to five years with infantile spasms--a North Indian cohort.

Purpose: The present study was planned as there is paucity of outcome data of children with infantile spasms, from India where profile of patients is different from the western world. Moreover, most previous studies have either not used strict inclusion criteria or standardized psychometric tests for developmental outcome.

Methods: Ninety-five children, aged one-to-five years under follow up for more than six months in Pediatric Neurology Clinic of a tertiary care hospital with the diagnosis of infantile spasm were enrolled in this cross-sectional study if they had completed one or more years after the onset of spasms.

A preliminary descriptive analysis of Corneal Transplant Registry of National Eye Bank in India.

Purpose: To describe and analyze the Corneal Transplant Registry of National Eye Bank and also evaluate graft outcomes in India.

Methods: All patients who underwent corneal transplant at our center within six months of setting up of Corneal Transplant Registry and installation of database at National Eye Bank were included in the study. The established database was analyzed for utilization, donor and recipient details and graft outcomes.

Effect of enalapril on glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria in children with chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of enalapril treatment on decline in glomerular filtration rate and reduction in proteinuria in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Design: Open-label, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Pediatric nephrology clinic at a tertiary-care referral hospital.

Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infections in patients attending a tertiary eye care hospital in north India: a twelve year study.

Background & Objectives: Ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is a major public health problem in densely populated countries like India. The true prevalence of such infections is uncertain due to insufficient data available from India. The aim of this study was to do a retrospective analysis of C.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in patients with chronic pancreatitis with and without diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To determine oxidant stress and antioxidant capacity in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of our earlier study on 127 (male = 86) patients with CP, grouped as those with diabetes (case; n = 23) and those without diabetes (control). Markers of antioxidant status included vitamins A and E, total antioxidant capacity (TAC; measured as ferric-reducing ability of plasma [FRAP]), and total glutathione (T-GSH).

Delayed resolution of inflammatory response compared with clinical recovery in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background And Objective: The temporal profile of inflammatory markers during acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and their relationship to clinical response are not well characterized. The aim was to assess the changes in levels of inflammatory markers in AECOPD and correlate these with clinical and laboratory indices of recovery.

Methods: Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and fibrinogen were measured in patients with AECOPD within 24 h of hospitalization and pre-discharge (stable state).

Normative data for anthropometric parameters used in delineation of dysmorphic features in north Indian children.

Objective: To provide normative data for a set of anthropometric parameters which are commonly used in delineation of dysmorphic features.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Delhi. Six hundred infants and children up to 2 years with hundred subjects each in the age group of 0-3, 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, 12-18 and 18-24 months were included.

Diagnostic utility of endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration for mediastinal lesions: A prospective three year, single centre analysis.

Background:   The diagnostic yield of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) over a 3-year period was analyzed.

Methods:   Consecutive patients who underwent EBUS for the evaluation of pulmonary/mediastinal lesions were recruited.

Results:   One hundred and ninety-one patients were studied (54% male, mean age, 65 years [standard deviation 11.

Performance characteristics of semirigid thoracoscopy in pleural effusions of undetermined etiology.

Background: The utility of the recently introduced semirigid thoracoscopy in undiagnosed pleural effusions is still unclear.

Methods: A single-center, 4-year retrospective analysis of all semirigid medical thoracoscopy procedures was done. The diagnostic accuracy of thoracoscopy was calculated as the number of positive diagnoses achieved by thoracoscopy in relation to the end-diagnosis achieved in the patient group by any means.

Equivalence randomized controlled trial of bioresorbable versus titanium miniplates in treatment of mandibular fracture: a pilot study.

Purpose: The present study was undertaken to test bioresorbable fixation versus titanium for equivalence in terms of clinical union and complications using the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons parameters of care. The study design was a randomized, controlled, equivalence trial.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 patients were enrolled and allocated to the titanium group and bioresorbable group using a computerized randomization table.

Hepatitis C virus infection in haemodialysis: the 'no-isolation' policy should not be generalized.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common blood-borne viral infection in haemodialysis. It causes significant morbidity and long-term mortality. Practice of universal precautions has been reported to be sufficient to prevent HCV seroconversion in dialysis units.

Obstructive sleep apnoea correlates with C-reactive protein in obese Asian Indians.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, is an important predictor of future cardiovascular events. Whether the relationship of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and CRP is independent of adiposity, needs to be investigated.

Objective: To investigate the association of CRP levels with OSA in the obese and their comparison with lean subjects without OSA in Asian Indians residing in India.

Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on respiratory status and quality of life in newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer.

Objective And Background: A significant proportion of patients with lung cancer have associated COPD, which is considered an independent risk factor and cause of morbidity and mortality. However, the effect of COPD on respiratory status and quality of life in lung cancer has not been evaluated.

Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer were assessed at diagnosis before starting treatment, for detailed respiratory status, spirometry and World Health Organization-Bref Quality of Life questionnaire in Hindi (WHOQOL-Bref Hindi).