A Study on the Psychological Impact on Key Caregivers of Traumatic Brain Injury Versus Non-traumatic Brain Injury in Critically Ill Trauma Patients.

Background: Caregivers of patients admitted in intensive care units may experience acute emotional and psychological stress burden that can manifest as acute psychiatric symptoms and can negatively impact interpersonal relationships and work performance. The aim of this study is to elucidate the socioeconomic burden of trauma and the effect of psychological stress on key caregivers between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and non-TBI patients.

Methods: The study was conducted on 200 caregivers of critically ill trauma patients admitted to the trauma ICU for at least 48 hours and were divided into two groups: Group 1- Patients with TBI with Trauma ICU admission of more than 48 hours and Group 2- Non-TBI patients (chest trauma, abdominal trauma, etc.

Redefining Diagnostic Criteria for Basilar Invagination Using Linear Craniometric Parameters.

Aim: To establish the diagnosis of basilar invagination (BI) on the basis of specific bony landmarks Klaus' index (KI), perpendicular distance between the tip of the odontoid process and palato internal occipital protuberance (PI) line.

Material And Methods: Forty-nine patients were analysed, who underwent surgery for BI, between July 2020 and June 2023. Radiological assessment was done in all the patients using reconstructed midsagittal images on computed tomography scans .

A Rare Case Report of Simultaneous Occurrence of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Acute Extradural Hematoma in a Patient after Multiple Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgeries.

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgeries are common neurosurgical procedure for hydrocephalus. Subdural hematoma (SDH) and extradural hematoma (EDH) are rare but potentially life-threatening complications following VP shunt surgeries. We are describing probably the first case in which a 12-year-old boy presented to the emergency room in altered sensorium and gradual onset quadriparesis following multiple shunt revision procedures done in an outside hospital.

Intracranial Interdural and Extradural Cerebellar Convexity Dermoid Cyst: A Case Report of Rare Tumor at the Rarest Location.

Intracranial dermoid cysts are rare dysembryonic tumors of benign nature. These are uncommon in adults. If present, they are usually located in the midline or along the lines of embryonic fusion.

Management protocols of chronic Orofacial Pain: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Chronic orofacial pain (CP) is a persistent and debilitating condition that affects the face, mouth, and jaw and can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life by posing problems to eat, speak, and perform everyday activities. By the means of this narrative review, we aim to assess different types of management modalities that exist to combat chronic orofacial pain.

Design: Various databases were explored with MeSH keywords of , , and for eligible articles.

Efficacy of phenytoin for 7 days versus 21 days as prophylactic anticonvulsant in traumatic brain injury patients - A comparative study.

Background: Post traumatic seizures (PTS) are very common after traumatic brain injury and occur more common in severe form of injury. Prophylactic treatment with phenytoin has been found to be effective however till now no uniform internationally agreed guideline is available for the duration of anticonvulsant prophylaxis for traumatic brain injury patients.

Methods: 100 patients of either sex between age group of 18-65 years who have suffered intracranial injury identified by CT scan, admitted in Trauma ICU were enrolled in this prospective randomized single blinded clinical study.

COVID-19-associated Mucormycosis: A clinico-epidemiological study.

Background: There was an unprecedented increase in COVID-19-associated-Mucormycosis (CAM) cases during the second pandemic wave in India.

Methods: This observational study was done to know the epidemiological profile of CAM cases andincluded all patients admitted with mucormycosis between May 2021 and July 2021.

Results: Out of the enrolled 208 CAM cases (either SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR or serology positive), 204, three and one had rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary and gastrointestinal mucormycosis, respectively.

Evaluation of Pediatric Hydrocephalus: Clinical, Surgical, and Outcome Perspective in a Tertiary Center.

Context: Pediatric hydrocephalus (PH) results in significant clinical and psychosocial morbidity in pediatric population.

Aims: The aims of the study are to evaluate clinical, surgical, and outcome perspective of PH patients of age <12 years.

Settings And Design: This is a retrospective cohort study.

Clinical and Outcome Analysis in Head Injury Patients with Fahr's Disease.

Context: Fahr's disease (FD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder. Head injury in patients with FD is an uncommon occurrence.

Aim: The aim is to evaluate clinical and outcome characteristics in traumatic head injury patients with FD.

Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Clipping: Experience at a Tertiary Care Center with Respect to Intraoperative Rupture.

Context: The incidence of anterior communicating artery (Acomm) aneurysm is high and it is associated with high risk of rupture.

Aims: The aim is to evaluate various factors (size, wall morphology, and fundus direction) associated with intraoperative rupture (IOR) of Acomm aneurysm.

Settings And Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Neurosurgical Practice in a Tertiary Care Center in India.

 The aim of the study is to determine the magnitude of repercussions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on neurosurgical specialty and formulate a management approach.  This combined retrospective and prospective study was done in neurosurgical specialty of IMS-BHU, Varanasi, India, a tertiary care center, between January 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020. Analysis of impact on neurosurgical emergency and electives was done over before pandemic, during lockdown 1 and 2 and during lockdown 3 and 4 timelines.

Evaluation of Cerebellopontine Angle Epidermoid Presenting with Cranial Nerve Deficit: A Surgical Perspective.

Context: Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) epidermoids are essentially benign tumors, and treatment is complete surgical excision.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical perspective and outcome analysis of CPA epidermoids.

Settings And Design: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Clinical, operative, and outcome analysis of giant extradural hematoma: A retrospective study in tertiary care center.

Background: This study is aimed to find a critical volume of operated giant or massive extradural hematoma (EDH) that affects outcome significantly and analyze them with respect to their clinical, surgical, and outcome perspective.

Methods: This retrospective study includes 253 patients operated for EDH in emergency in the Department of Neurosurgery of IMS BHU, Varanasi, India, a tertiary care center, between August 1, 2018, and November 1, 2019. Giant EDH critical volume was evaluated.

Determination of glottal open regions by exploiting changes in the vocal tract system characteristics.

This paper presents an approach to determine the open phase region of a glottal cycle based on changes in the characteristics of the vocal tract system. The glottal closing phase contributes to major excitation of the vocal tract system. The opening phase affects the vocal tract system characteristics by effectively increasing the length of the tract, due to coupling of the subglottal region.