Factors affecting postnatal care service utilization in Pyuthan district: A mixed method study.

The first hours, days, and weeks following childbirth are critical for the well-being of both the mother and newborn. Despite this significance, the postnatal period often receives inadequate attention in terms of quality care provision. In Nepal, the utilization of postnatal care (PNC) services remains a challenging issue.

Mammalian cell expressed recombinant trimeric spike protein is a potent vaccine antigen and confers near-complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hamster.

Numerous vaccine candidates have emerged in the fight against SARS-CoV-2, yet the challenges posed by viral evolution and the evasion of vaccine-induced immunity persist. The development of broadly protective vaccines is essential in countering the threat posed by variants of concern (VoC) capable of eluding existing vaccine defenses. Among the diverse SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates, detailed characterization of those based on the expression of the entire spike protein in mammalian cells have been limited.

A computational model of current control mechanism for long-term potentiation (LTP) in human episodic memory based on gene-gene interaction.

The establishment of long-term potentiation (LTP) is a prime process for the formation of episodic memory. During the establishment of LTP, activations of various components are required in the signaling cascade of the LTP pathway. Past efforts to determine the activation of components relied extensively on the cellular or molecular level.

A critical analysis of health system in Nepal; Perspective's based on COVID-19 response.

Background: Nepal moved from a unitary government to a federal system of government in 2015 under its constitution. Nepal is a federal democratic republic governed by three levels of government: a federal, provincial, and local level. The response to COVID-19 in Nepal has been majorly led and controlled by the federal government.

Modern-like deep water circulation in Indian Ocean caused by Central American Seaway closure.

Global overturning circulation underwent significant changes in the late Miocene, driven by tectonic forcing, and impacted the global climate. Prevailing hypotheses related to the late Miocene deep water circulation (DWC) changes driven by the closure of the Central American Seaways (CAS) and its widespread impact remains untested due to the paucity of suitable records away from the CAS region. Here, we test the hypothesis of the large-scale circulation changes by providing a high-resolution record of DWC since the late Miocene (11.

Prevalence of precursor lesions (P53 signature, SCOUT, STIL, STIC) in fallopian tubes resected for non-neoplastic causes.

Background: High-grade pelvic serous carcinoma is a common cause of death in women worldwide and India. Recent evidence has clearly implicated the changes in the mucosa of the fimbrial end of the fallopian tube in its pathogenesis.

Objective: 1) To study histopathology features of surgically resected specimens of fallopian tubes received with non-neoplastic lesions of the uterus and ovary for the presence of any precursor lesions [secretory cell outgrowth (SCOUT), serous tubal intraepithelial lesion (STIL), p53 signatures, and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)].

Abrupt upwelling and CO outgassing episodes in the north-eastern Arabian Sea since mid-Holocene.

Identifying the causes and consequences of natural variations in ocean acidification and atmospheric CO due to complex earth processes has been a major challenge for climate scientists in the past few decades. Recent developments in the boron isotope (δB) based seawater pH and pCO (or pCO) proxy have been pivotal in understanding the various oceanic processes involved in air-sea CO exchange. Here we present the first foraminifera-based δB record from the north-eastern Arabian Sea (NEAS) covering the mid-late Holocene (~ 8-1 ka).

Evaluation of physicochemical and functional similarity of a new CHO derived anti-EGFR antibody P-mAb to its reference medicinal product.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the primary target for the treatment of colorectal cancer, the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide. In recent years, regulatory changes have facilitated the approval of biosimilars aimed to bring more access to biologics to patients. However, it has also expended the requirements of non-clinical characterisation data using state-of-the-art and orthogonal methodologies to demonstrate similarity between proposed biologic and its reference medicinal product (RMP).

Tacrolimus induces remission in refractory and relapsing lupus nephritis by decreasing P-glycoprotein expression and function on peripheral blood lymphocytes.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux of corticosteroids (CS) may contribute to treatment unresponsiveness in Lupus Nephritis (LN) patients. Tacrolimus is a P-gp inhibitor and hence, may overcome this resistance. We aimed to study the response to tacrolimus, along with the expression and function of P-gp on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in patients with refractory and relapsing proliferative Lupus Nephritis.

Prevalence of sleep apnea and lung function abnormalities in patients with acromegaly.

Background: Sleep apnea (SA) is highly prevalent in acromegaly. Ethnicity influences the prevalence of SA in the general population. We studied the prevalence of SA and other respiratory comorbidities in North Indian patients with active acromegaly.

Utility of neutrophil CD64 in distinguishing bacterial infection from inflammation in severe alcoholic hepatitis fulfilling SIRS criteria.

To assess utility of neutrophilCD64 (nCD64) expression in differentiating bacterial infection from inflammation in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) fulfilling systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria. Patients with SAH and infection (n = 58), SAH without infection (n = 70), and healthy controls (n = 20) were included. Neutrophil CD64 expression by flowcytometry, serum Procalcitonin (ELISA) and C-reactive protein (Nephelometry) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were studied.

Translating Treg Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Humanized Mice.

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans, afflicted in genetically predisposed individuals due to dysregulated immune response directed against constituents of gut flora. The defective immune responses mounted against the regulatory mechanisms amplify and maintain the IBD-induced mucosal inflammation. Therefore, restoring the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immunepathways in the gut may contribute to halting the IBD-associated tissue-damaging immune response.

Transdermal Immunization of Elastic Liposome-Laden Recombinant Chimeric Fusion Protein of (MSP-Fu) Mounts Protective Immune Response.

Transdermal immunization exhibits poor immunogenic responses due to poor permeability of antigens through the skin. Elastic liposomes, the ultradeformable nanoscale lipid vesicles, overcome the permeability issues and prove a versatile nanocarrier for transcutaneous delivery of protein, peptide, and nucleic acid antigens. Elastic liposome-mediated subcutaneous delivery of chimeric fusion protein (MSP-Fu) of exhibited improved immunogenic responses.

Serum CA 19-9 and CA 125 as a diagnostic marker in carcinoma of gallbladder.

Background: Gall bladder carcinoma is endemic in North India along the Ganges belt. Most of the cases usually present in late stage when prognosis is poor. That mandates a necessity for proper screening in these areas for gall bladder lesions.

Identification and management of young infants with possible serious bacterial infection where referral was not feasible in rural Lucknow district of Uttar Pradesh, India: An implementation research.

Background: Based on World Health Organization guidelines, Government of India recommended management of possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) in young infants up to two months of age on an outpatient basis where referral is not feasible. We implemented the guideline in program setting to increase access to treatment with high treatment success and low resultant mortality.

Methods: Implementation research was conducted in four rural blocks of Lucknow district in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Role of P-gp and HDAC2 and their Reciprocal Relationship in Uncontrolled Asthma.

Introduction: Resistance to corticosteroid is an essential mechanism in uncontrolled asthma as the corticosteroid is the mainstay of therapy. There are recent reports that epigenetic factors play a crucial role in the regulation of steroid action. Overexpression of P glycoprotein (P-gp) and reduced expression of Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) have been linked to regulating the steroid action in other diseases like Nephrotic Syndrome (NS).

Steroid Responsiveness in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy - Predictive Value of Epigenetic Regulator Histone Deacetylase 2.

Objective: To find the role of an epigenetic regulator histone deacetylase (HDAC-2) in predicting steroid responsiveness in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from three milliliters of venous blood sample of patients with DMD for estimation of HDAC-2 levels. The patients were then given prednisolone at 0.

An evaluation of liposome-based diagnostics of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the major global health threats and delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis continues to fuel the global epidemic. The conventional diagnostic approaches have shortcomings that might hinder the process of diagnosis of the disease and ultimately affect the prognosis.: We emphasize on the process of the synthesis of liposomes, its physicochemical properties affecting the formulation and their utilization in the field of molecular diagnostics for TB.

Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in women: Is there any difference?- Experience from a tertiary care hospital of North India.

Context: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) considered classically to be a male-dominant disease, may have significant gender-based differences in clinical presentation and diagnosis.

Aims: To evaluate gender-based differences in the clinical profile and polysomnographic features of Indian patients with OSA.

Settings And Design: A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 12 months involving adult ambulatory patients, referred for evaluation of OSA.

Utility of neutrophil CD64 and serum TREM-1 in distinguishing bacterial infection from disease flare in SLE and ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Bacterial and opportunistic infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis owing to treatment with immunosuppressants. Commonly used laboratory tests are unreliable in differentiating infection from active disease patients. Fc receptor (FcγR1 or CD64) expression on neutrophils and soluble TREM-1 (triggering receptor expressed on monocytes) are potential biomarkers of bacterial infections.

Correlation of Neutrophil CD64 with Clinical Profile and Outcome of Sepsis Patients during Intensive Care Unit Stay.

Introduction: Neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) has been found to identify sepsis from nonseptic patients. It is also reported to be a predictor of survival and severity of sepsis. The goal of this study was to correlate serial nCD64 with Intensive Care Unit (ICU) outcome and severity of sepsis.

Structural and immunological characterization of derived recombinant CRM protein used as carrier in conjugate vaccines.

It is established that the immunogenicity of polysaccharides is enhanced by coupling them to carrier proteins. Cross reacting material (CRM), a nontoxic variant of diphtheria toxin (DT) is widely used carrier protein for polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. Conventionally, CRM is isolated by fermentation of C7 (β) cultures, which often suffers from low yield.

Analytical Comparability Assessments of 5 Recombinant CRM Proteins From Different Manufacturers and Expression Systems.

Cross-reacting material 197 (CRM), a single amino acid mutant of diphtheria toxoid, is a commonly used carrier protein in commercial polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccines. In this study, CRM proteins from 3 different expression systems and 5 different manufacturers were obtained for an analytical comparability assessment using a wide variety of physicochemical and in vitro antigenic binding assays. A comprehensive analysis of the 5 CRM molecules demonstrate that recombinant CRM's expressed in heterologous systems (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens) are overall highly similar (if not better in some cases) to those expressed in the traditional system (Corynebacterium diphtheriae) in terms of primary sequence/post-translational modifications, higher order structural integrity, apparent solubility, physical stability profile (vs.

Identification of new deep sea sinuous channels in the eastern Arabian Sea.

Deep sea channel systems are recognized in most submarine fans worldwide as well as in the geological record. The Indus Fan is the second largest modern submarine fan, having a well-developed active canyon and deep sea channel system. Previous studies from the upper Indus Fan have reported several active channel systems.