Usefulness of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling in Clinical Decision-Making in Oncology: A Systematic Review.

Biologic factors limiting responsiveness to matched targeted therapies include genomic heterogeneity and complexity. Advanced tumors with unique molecular profiles can be studied by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and enhance patient outcomes using principles of precision medicine. The clinical utility of CGP across all cancer types and different therapeutic interventions using overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) data was studied in this systematic literature review.

Landscape of Clinically Relevant Genomic Alterations in the Indian Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Background: The genomic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Indian patients remains underexplored. We revealed distinctive genomic alterations of Indian NSCLC patients, thereby providing vital molecular insights for implementation of precision therapies.

Methods: We analyzed the genomic profiles of 325 lung adenocarcinoma and 81 lung squamous carcinoma samples from Indian patients using targeted sequencing of 50 cancer related genes.

Palbociclib in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Scoping Review of Real-World Evidence from Countries Outside of Western Regions that Are Underrepresented in Clinical Trials.

Introduction: Limited awareness exists regarding real-world data (RWD) for palbociclib in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced/metastatic breast cancer in populations from certain countries outside of Western regions.

Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted using PubMed and Embase to evaluate RWD for palbociclib from countries outside of Western regions that are underrepresented in clinical trials. Search criteria were aligned with our research question for relevant English-language publications, without restrictions on publication date, followed by Phase 1 (title and abstract) and Phase 2 (full-text) screening of retrieved citations as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Survival of Trial-Like and Non-Trial-Like Patients With Immunotherapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Real World: A Collaborative Multicenter Indian Study (IMHEP).

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is the initial line of management in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but survivals in the real world are not known.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of patients with advanced HCC receiving ICIs (as first-line therapy or as later lines of therapy) across 11 Indian institutions was conducted. Patients were divided into either cohort 1 (trial-like receiving ICI as first-line therapy), with a Child Pugh score (CTP) of ≤6, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0/1, and no VP4 (main portal vein thrombosis [MPVT]) or cohort 2 (trial unlike) who did not satisfy at least one of the above criteria.

Molecular Testing in Stage 4 Stomach Cancer in India: A Single-Centre Experience.

Introduction Advanced gastric cancer (GC) has a very poor prognosis, and chemotherapy has been the standard of care. The use of immunotherapy or targeted therapy in the stage 4 setting is dependent on molecular testing of the tumour. There is a paucity of data in the Indian scenario on testing for molecular markers in stage 4 GC.

ExPert ConsEnsus on the management of Advanced clear-cell RenaL celL carcinoma: INDIAn Perspective (PEARL-INDIA).

In advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (aRCC), systemic therapy is the mainstay of treatment, with no or little role for surgery in these patients. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune-oncological (IOs) therapies, either alone or in combination, are recommended in these patients depending on patient and tumour factors. The sequencing of therapies is critical in RCC because the choice of subsequent line therapy is heavily dependent on the response and duration of the previous treatment.

T-cell replete cord transplants give superior outcomes in high-risk and relapsed/refractory pediatric myeloid malignancy.

Stem cell transplant (SCT) outcomes in high-risk and relapsed/refractory (R/R) pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) have been historically poor. Cord blood (CB) allows T-cell replete CB transplant (TRCB), enabling enhanced graft-versus-leukemia. We consecutively collected data from 367 patients undergoing TRCB (112 patients) or other cell source (255 patients) SCT for pediatric AML/MDS in the United Kingdom and Ireland between January 2014 and December 2021.

Real-World Experience with Nivolumab in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Who Have Progressed on Prior Therapies: A Single-Center Study from India.

Amit Rauthan  Nivolumab monotherapy is approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients who have progressed on prior therapies based on the pivotal Checkmate-025 trial. There is limited literature on the efficacy and safety profile of usage of nivolumab in the treatment of mRCC in India in a real-world setting.  A retrospective analysis was performed of patients who received nivolumab monotherapy for mRCC after having progressed on prior therapies.

Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Metastasis-Indian Experience.

Ashwin K.R.  Peritoneal metastasis secondary to gastric cancer is associated with poor prognosis.

Maintenance therapy for newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer- a review.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynaecological cancer among women worldwide, with the 5-year survival rate ranging between 30 and 40%. Due to the asymptomatic nature of the condition, it is more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage, requiring an aggressive therapeutic approach. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) along with systemic chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin has been the mainstay of the treatment in the frontline management of EOC.

Mucormycosis of the Breast in a Patient With Breast Carcinoma After COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Mucormycosis is a rare, but potentially fatal, fungal infection which is caused by mucormyctes. These forms of fungi are typically known to infect immuno-compromised individuals but are rare in immunocompetent individuals. Herein, we report the case of a 52 year-old female who was diagnosed with right breast carcinoma in Manipal Hospital, a tertiary cancer care center.

An Overview of the Impact of Body Mass Index on Pathological Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Operable Breast Cancer in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India.

Objective: The incidence of female breast cancer in the world is 11.7% with a mortality rate of 6.9%.

Evolving trends in lung cancer: Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.

Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers globally and accounts for most of the cancer-related deaths in India. Comprehensive data on lung cancer in India are lacking. This review aimed to discuss the epidemiological trends of lung cancers and driver mutations as well as the recent advancements in molecular diagnostics and therapeutic options primarily in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in India.

mutations: Implications of genetic testing in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers with a 5-year survival rate that ranges from 30% to 40%. Breast cancer genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) play a key role in maintaining genomic stability. Mutations in BRCA1/2 genes lead to the accumulation of double-strand breaks, resulting in tumorigenesis.

Pretransplant myeloid and immune suppression, reduced toxicity conditioning with posttransplant cyclophosphamide: Initial outcomes of novel approach for matched unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplant for hemoglobinopathies.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is currently the only curative option for thalassemia major (TM) and sickle cell disease (SCD). We report our experience of using pretransplant immune suppression (PTIS), augmented Johns Hopkins conditioning, and posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis for matched unrelated donor (MUD) transplant in TM/SCD. At a median follow-up of 307.

Effect of age, comorbidity and remission status on outcome of COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies.

Background: There is scarcity of data on outcome of COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies. Primary objective of study was to analyse the 14-day and 28-day mortality. Secondary objectives were to correlate age, comorbidities and remission status with outcome.

Pre-transplant myeloid and immune suppression, upfront plerixafor mobilization and post-transplant cyclophosphamide: novel strategy for haploidentical transplant in sickle cell disease.

Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant is the only curative option for symptomatic sickle cell disease (SCD). HLA haploidentical related donor transplants are associated with high graft failure rates. We conceptualized a novel protocol (APOLLO protocol) using pre-transplant immune and myelosuppression (PTIS) using fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone followed by augmented John Hopkins protocol by adding thiotepa to conditioning.

Impact of extent of parietal peritonectomy on oncological outcome after cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC.

Background: In peritoneal surface malignancy (PSM), in spite of optimal cytoreductive surgery (CRS), majority of recurrences that occur are intraperitoneal. In patients with PSM, studies employing fluorescent imaging and microscopic examination have shown normal looking peritoneum may harbor active disease. This study was done to assess the recurrence pattern, oncological outcomes, and morbidity and mortality of the extent of peritonectomy in patients who underwent total parietal peritonectomy (TPP) or involved field peritonectomy (IFP) as a part of the procedure during CRS and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Maintenance therapy for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: current therapies and future perspectives - a review.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is usually diagnosed late at an advanced stage. Though EOC initially responds to treatment, the recurrence rate is pretty high. The efficacy of different targeted therapies reduces with each recurrence.

Toxicity profile of chemotherapy agents used in cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal surface malignancies.

Introduction: Morbidity associated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is due to the synergistic effect of cytoreduction, effect hyperthermia and the cytotoxic agents used for HIPEC. This study was done to analyse the postoperative morbidity in relation to the chemotherapy agent used in patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC for peritoneal surface malignancy (PSM) in Indian set up.

Materials And Methods: Patient with PSM, underwent CRS-HIPEC as per the institutional protocol.

Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy vs. intravenous chemotherapy for unresectable peritoneal metastases secondary to platinum resistant ovarian cancer - study protocol for a randomized control trial.

Background: Despite optimal surgery and appropriate first-line chemotherapy, ∼70-80 % of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer will develop disease relapse. The prognosis is poor especially for women with Platinum resistant ovarian cancer. The standard treatment for these groups of patients is non-platinum-containing chemotherapy like taxanes, anthracyclines, gemcitabine, topotecan, and trabectedin.

Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy procedure for nonresectable peritoneal carcinomatosis: First Indian study.

Background: Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a common evolution of abdominal cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. A few selected patients have option of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, but majority who are not eligible for curative approach can undergo pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC). It is an emerging field of research with major therapeutic potential.

Watson for Oncology and breast cancer treatment recommendations: agreement with an expert multidisciplinary tumor board.

Background: Breast cancer oncologists are challenged to personalize care with rapidly changing scientific evidence, drug approvals, and treatment guidelines. Artificial intelligence (AI) clinical decision-support systems (CDSSs) have the potential to help address this challenge. We report here the results of examining the level of agreement (concordance) between treatment recommendations made by the AI CDSS Watson for Oncology (WFO) and a multidisciplinary tumor board for breast cancer.