Abdominal Tremor in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease: A Case Report.

Background: Tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD) is commonly seen in the upper extremities and can involve the lower extremities and mouth. We present a case of a patient with idiopathic PD who presented with abdominal tremor.

Case Report: A 40-year-old man with a 2-year history of subjective weakness and stiffness in the right arm and leg, followed by emergence of a right hand tremor, subsequently developed abdominal tremor.

Study of neuropathological changes and dementia in 100 centenarians in The 90+ Study.

Introduction: The association between neuropathological changes and dementia among centenarians and nonagenarians remains unclear.

Methods: We examined brain tissue from 100 centenarians and 297 nonagenarians from The 90+ Study, a community-based longitudinal study of aging. We determined the prevalence of 10 neuropathological changes and compared their associations with dementia and cognitive performance between centenarians and nonagenarians.

Bradykinesia and Its Progression Are Related to Interhemispheric Beta Coherence.

Objective: Bradykinesia is the major cardinal motor sign of Parkinson disease (PD), but its neural underpinnings are unclear. The goal of this study was to examine whether changes in bradykinesia following long-term subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) are linked to local STN beta (13-30 Hz) dynamics or a wider bilateral network dysfunction.

Methods: Twenty-one individuals with PD implanted with sensing neurostimulators (Activa® PC + S, Medtronic, PLC) in the STN participated in a longitudinal 'washout' therapy study every three to 6 months for an average of 3 years.

Differential Effects of Pathological Beta Burst Dynamics Between Parkinson's Disease Phenotypes Across Different Movements.

Resting state beta band (13-30 Hz) oscillations represent pathological neural activity in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is unknown how the peak frequency or dynamics of beta oscillations may change among fine, limb, and axial movements and different disease phenotypes. This will be critical for the development of personalized closed loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) algorithms during different activity states.

Lack of progression of beta dynamics after long-term subthalamic neurostimulation.

Objective: To investigate the progression of neural and motor features of Parkinson's disease in a longitudinal study, after washout of medication and bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS).

Methods: Participants with clinically established Parkinson's disease underwent bilateral implantation of DBS leads (18 participants, 13 male) within the STN using standard functional frameless stereotactic technique and multi-pass microelectrode recording. Both DBS leads were connected to an implanted investigative sensing neurostimulator (Activa™ PC + S, Medtronic, PLC).