Report of the Influenza Vaccination Program in Mexico (2006-2022) and Proposals for Its Improvement.

Background: Influenza has continued to be an important public health challenge, and the WHO recommends that countries consider vaccination for persons at high risk. Mexico has such a program, and we sought to determine its current situation.

Material And Methods: This study has an ecological, longitudinal, and retrospective design based on secondary information on the acquisition and application of vaccines against influenza from official data from 2006 to 2022.

Outpatient treatment of COVID-19: an experience with 552 cases in Mexico.

Introduction: The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has globally challenged health services, especially because when the pandemic first reached Mexico, in February 2020, there was no known effective and safe treatment. A treatment scheme was offered by the Institute for the Integral Development of Health (IDISA) in Mexico City from March 2020 to August 2021 when there were many patients with COVID-19. This report summarizes the experience managing COVID-19 with this scheme.

Report of 16 Years of the BCG Vaccine under the Expanded Program on Immunizations in Mexico (2006-2021).

Background: In recent years in Mexico, a decreased Bacillus Calmette and Guérin (BCG) coverage has been observed concomitantly with new cases of tuberculosis.

Material And Methods: This study is a descriptive and analytical evaluation regarding both BCG vaccine acquisition and coverage as reported by official sources over a 16-year period (2006-2021).

Results: We found that vaccine acquisition, dose application and coverage are highly variable each year.

IgG4-related multiorgan disease: report of the first autopsy case.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4RD) is a chronic recurring fibro-inflammatory pathology that is considered to be of autoimmune origin. Histopathology is considered to be the gold standard method for diagnosis. IgG4RD affects multiple organs.

Hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis.

Strongyloidiasis is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, which commonly produces gastrointestinal problems. If immune systems are compromised, the nematode larvae may spread and produce Strongyloides hyperinfection. Diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is based on the observation of larvae in coproparasitological studies.

Angiosarcoma of the liver as a cause of fulminant liver failure.

Primary liver sarcomas make up 2% of all malignant neoplasms of the liver; of these, angiosarcoma is the most common type. Primary liver tumours rarely cause fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), which is most frequently caused by non-neoplasmic pathologies. In the case of neoplasms, the most frequent are lymphoma and metastatic carcinomas.

Disseminated sporotrichosis.

Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii. It is a primary cutaneous infection and it has different clinical forms: disseminated by lymphatic vessels (75%), localised cutaneous form (20%), disseminated cutaneous and extracuteus rarely. The systemic disseminated sporotrichosis is considered a severe opportunistic infection.

Osteoblastic and fibroblastic multicentric osteosarcoma.

Bone sarcomas are uncommon tumours, of which osteosarcoma is the least rare, as well as the third most common malignant tumour in childhood, appearing usually between the 10 and 20 years of age. The case the authors present in this work is of a patient suffering from a long-standing condition encompassing skin and soft tissue lesions. After multiple medical treatments, the patient was diagnosed with squamous osteosarcoma, which required aggressive surgical management and chemotherapy.

Dipylidium caninum infection.

Dipylidium caninum is a cestode that requires from the participation of an arthropod in its life cycle. This parasitosis occurs in dogs and cats, and occasionally in human beings. Human cases of D caninum infection have been reported in Europe, Philippines, China, Japan, Latin America and the United States; mostly children, one third of them being infants under 6 months old.