Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Patients Recovering from COVID-19.

Introduction: During the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, some patients who develop severe forms of COVID-19 present thrombotic microangiopathy in the course of the disease's clinical progression.

Methods: Data came from direct patient observation and clinical records. We performed a kidney biopsy and used optical microscopy and immunofluorescence techniques.

COVID-19 and the Kidneys: Risk, Damage and Sequelae.

At fi rst, COVID-19 was thought to be primarily a respiratory disease, progressing in some patients to serious respiratory symptoms, pneumonia, severe respiratory distress syndrome and even death. Later analysis revealed entire systems were compromised, affecting other vital organs, including the kidneys, and a correlation was observed between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and COVID-19 severity COVID-19 severity.

Epidemic of Chronic Kidney Disease of Nontraditional Etiology in El Salvador: Integrated Health Sector Action and South-South Cooperation.

In El Salvador, chronic kidney disease had reached epidemic propor-tions towards the end of this century's first decade. In 2011-2012, the Ministry of Health reported it was the leading cause of hospital deaths in men, the fifth in women, and the third overall in adult hospital fa-talities. Farming was the most common occupation among men in dialysis (50.

Prevalence and incidence of chronic kidney disease in Cuba.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health problem worldwide. This article's objective is to describe CKD's integration into Cuba's National Noncommunicable Diseases (NCD) Program and the main outcomes regarding the burden of CKD and associated risk factors in Cuba. Cuba offers free health services to all its citizens on the basis of a strong primary healthcare system focused on prevention.

The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemic in El Salvador: A Cross-Sectional Study.

INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease has reached epidemic levels in several Central American countries since the early years of this century. In El Salvador, it is the second cause of death in men, the fifth in persons over 18 years old and the third cause of hospital deaths in the adult population. Its features, especially those of a subtype unassociated with traditional risk factors such as diabetes and high blood pressure, are only partially understood.

Toward a Comprehensive Hypothesis of Chronic Interstitial Nephritis in Agricultural Communities.

Over the past 20 years, there has been an increase in chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC) not associated with traditional risk factors. This disease has become an important public health problem and is observed in several countries in Central America and Asia. CINAC predominantly affects young male farmers between the third and fifth decades of life with women, children, and adolescents less often affected.

Clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes in women of agricultural communities in El Salvador.

Introduction: A chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes (CKDu) has emerged in Central America and elsewhere, predominantly affecting male farmworkers. In El Salvador (2009), it was the second cause of death in men > 18 years old. Causality has not been determined.

Epidemiological characteristics of chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes in women of agricultural communities of El Salvador.

Introduction: In El Salvador end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was the first cause of hospital mortality overall, the first cause of hospital deaths in men, and the fifth cause of hospital mortality in women in 2013. In agricultural communities, chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs predominantly in male agricultural workers, but it also affects women to a lesser degree, even those who are not involved in agricultural work. Internationally, most epidemiological CKD studies emphasize men and no epidemiological studies focused exclusively on women.

Prevalence of Obesity and its Association with Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. Isle of Youth Study (ISYS), Cuba.

Introduction: Obesity is a social disease constituting a global pandemic. It is present in 90% of diabetic and 65% of hypertensive patients. It is associated with cardiometabolic syndrome and with damaging physiopathological mechanisms, particularly for the vascular system and the kidneys.

Design & Methodology of the Isle of Youth Community-Based Epidemiological Study of CKD, Cardio-cerebral Vascular Disease, Hypertension, and Diabetes Mellitus (ISYS).

Unlabelled: The methodology is described in detail for the population-based Isle of Youth Study (ISYS) for epidemiological evaluation of CKD associated with cardio-cerebral vascular disease, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other risk factors.

Background: Chronic kidney disease emerges as an important and growing global health problem associated with an increase in the incidence and prevalence of the above mentioned diseases. ISYS Objectives: Ascertain CKD morbidity and its relation to chronic vascular diseases and other risk factors in whole population of Cuba's Isle of Youth special municipality.

Strategies for national health care systems and centers in the emerging world: Central America and the Caribbean--the case of Cuba.

Over 40% of the 76 million people in Central America and the Caribbean live in poverty with no safety net. Communicable and noncommunicable diseases significantly impact morbidity and mortality, and a tendency toward aging suggests increasing prevalence of chronic conditions. Among factors related to renal diseases: obesity is an epidemic among the near-poor; prevalence of diabetes mellitus is 6% to 8%; and hypertension is 8% to 30%.

Prevention of chronic kidney and vascular disease: toward global health equity--the Bellagio 2004 Declaration.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) not only reflects target organ injury in systemic vascular disease in the general population and in association with diabetes, hypertension, and smoking, but it is recognized as one of the major risk factors in the pathogenesis and outcome of cardiovascular disease. Recent surveys have revealed that the prevalence of CKD, particularly the hidden mild form (mildly elevated levels of serum creatinine or urinary albumin excretion), is surprisingly high in the general population. In recent years, the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes has led to an alarming increase in the number of patients with CKD.

Comparison of two recombinant erythropoietin formulations in patients with anemia due to end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: a parallel, randomized, double blind study.

Background: Recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) is used for the treatment of last stage renal anemia. A new EPO preparation was obtained in Cuba in order to make this treatment fully nationally available. The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and safety properties of two recombinant EPO formulations in patients with anemia due to end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

Demographic and epidemiologic transition in the developing world: role of albuminuria in the early diagnosis and prevention of renal and cardiovascular disease.

The developing world is facing a real pandemic of renal and cardiovascular disease. With the decrease of infectious disease morbidity and mortality, and the exposure to more westernized life style, signs of increasing renal and cardiovascular disease is particularly shown in the tremendous rise in type 2 diabetes and its sequelae. A group of doctors and scientists from all over the world have convened in Bellagio to halt this dramatic disease change and burden to the developing countries.