The Triply Twisted Heart: Cyanosis in an Adult With Situs Inversus, Levocardia, Double Outlet Right Ventricle, and Malposition of the Great Arteries.

We present a case of a 19-year-old female presenting with cyanosis since birth. The major anomaly demonstrated was a "triply twisted heart" with a balanced physiology, allowing her to survive into adulthood. Non-invasive imaging was done using 2D and real-time 3D (or 4D) echocardiography with multi-slice imaging from 4D volume datasets.

A plump and fatty heart: isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia.

Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia is a newly recognized type of cardiomyopathy, with only a few cases reported since it was first described in 2004. We report this case of a 21-year-old Filipino female presenting with unstable supraventricular arrhythmia and heart failure, with characteristic features of isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia on echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. To our knowledge, this is the first reported adult case in Asia.