Nebulised hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants.

Background: Airway oedema (swelling) and mucus plugging are the principal pathological features in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. Nebulised hypertonic saline solution (≥ 3%) may reduce these pathological changes and decrease airway obstruction. This is an update of a review first published in 2008, and updated in 2010, 2013, and 2017.

Prevalence of Overweight and Associated Factors in a Male Prison Population in the Extreme South of Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study serves as a first Brazilian inventory about overweight as a marker for metabolic health and risk factor to develop noncommunicable chronic diseases in prison populations. The prevalence of overweight, and its associated factors in prisoners of the Fifth Regional State Penitentiary of Rio Grande do Sul (5th DPR) in the extreme South of Brazil were investigated using a precoded questionnaire with sociodemographic, behavioral, and health questions, applied to proportional stratified random sampled prisoners. Five hundred eighty male prisoners (70%) in the closed regime agreed to answer the questionnaire and allowed anthropomorphic body measurement, carried out by trained scientists.

Influenza vaccination coverage in elderly and high-risk adults: characterization of associated factors.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with non-vaccination against influenza in the risk group.

Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study, carried out in the city of Rio Grande (RS). The outcome was defined as belonging to risk groups and not having been vaccinated in the last 12 months.

Food insecurity in rural families in the extreme south of Brazil.

This study aimed to track the prevalence of Food Insecurity (FI) and to study associated factors in households with children, women and older adults in the rural area of the city of Rio Grande, RS. This is a cross-sectional population-based study, with systematic sampling of 80% of permanently inhabited households. A short version of the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity (EBIA) was employed.

Oral health condition and the use of dental services among the older adults living in the rural area in the south of Brazil.

Objectives: To evaluate the oral health, the use of dental services and associated factors among individuals aged 60 years, or more, living in the rural area.

Method: This is a population-based, cross-sectional study carried out in the rural area of a medium-sized municipality in the extreme south of Brazil. The outcome was to have used dental services in the 12 months before the date of the interview.

Vaccination against influenza among pregnant women in southern Brazil and associated factors.

This article aims to identify the prevalence and factors associated with influenza vaccination in pregnant women. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in a municipality in the southernmost region of Brazil, which included all women giving birth in 2016. The outcome was having received the vaccine against influenza during pregnancy.

Positive self-perception of diet: a population-based study in the far south of Brazil.

Objective: to analyze prevalence of positive self-perception of diet and association with sociodemographic and behavioral factors, morbidity, self-perception of health and weight, and body weight care, in the city of Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, in 2016.

Methods: this was a cross-sectional study conducted with adults and elderly people resident in the city of Rio Grande using 13 indicators of healthy eating and positive self-perception of diet (outcome); Poisson regression was used.

Results: the sample consisted of 1,243 individuals, 72.

[Psychometric Evaluation of the Brazilian Version of the "Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire"].

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ). A convenience sample of 429 students of a Brazilian public university participated in the study. Exploratory Factor Analysis suggested one factor solution (variance explained = 61.

Detection and characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in HIV-infected patients and blood donors from southern Brazil.

Background: Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) infection usually causes self-limited acute hepatitis. In immunosuppressed patients, HEV-3 infection can rapidly progress to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. In southern Brazil, data on HEV seroprevalence are scarce.

Self-perceived health among adult and elderly users of Primary Health Care.

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,246 adults and senior men and women in Pelotas (RS), Brasil to evaluate the negative self-perception of health among Primary Health Care users. The prevalence of negative self-perception of health was reported by 41.6% of respondents.

[Temporal trend and spatial distribution of congenital syphilis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul between 2001 and 2012].

The scope of the study was to evaluate the temporal trend and spatial distribution of congenital syphilis (CS) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. All cases reported by the SINASC/DATASUS between 2001 and 2012 were included. The number of live births was obtained from DATASUS.

Women's knowledge of methods for secondary prevention of breast cancer.

The objective of this study was to evaluate women's knowledge of methods for screening breast cancer. The study was done on a population of women aged 18 or over in the city of Rio Grande between April and November 2011. Interviewers used questionnaires on all of the women at selected households.

[Postpartum depression: prevalence and associated factors].

The aim was to identify the prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors in women in a medium-sized city in Southern Brazil during 2013. Trained female interviewers applied a standardized questionnaire to all participants in the city's two maternity hospitals. The study analyzed demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, social support, and disease characteristics.

Pregnancy recurrence in adolescents in Southern Brazil.

Objective: To determine the pregnancy recurrence among adolescents and young people in a city located in the extreme south of Brazil and to identify associated factors.

Method: One hundred and twelve (112) women participated, having delivered their children in 2010, while adolescents. The sample was stratified in two stages, being the first a census of the whole population of the city and the second a convenience sample.

Alcohol use disorders among people living with HIV/AIDS in Southern Brazil: prevalence, risk factors and biological markers outcomes.

Background: Alcohol abuse is an important public health problem, frequently unrecognized among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and requires investigation and intervention. It is usually associated with lower adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). It can also produce adverse clinical outcomes, such as changes in certain HIV markers, particularly CD4 cell counts and HIV viral loads (VLs).

[Difficulties in ensuring a healthy diet among primary health care users and associated factors].

This is a straightforward cross-sectional study of health services to assess the prevalence of perception of difficulties in ensuring a healthy diet, associated factors and respective motives among a sample of 1,246 adult and elderly primary care users. The prevalence of perception of difficulties was 31.1% (95% CI 28.

[Knowledge of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease among women and the associated factors: a population-based study].

The scope of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and its distribution in terms of demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and biological factors among women living in the State of Rio Grande. It was a cross-sectional population-based study, with the inclusion of women aged 18 years and over. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable Poisson Regression analysis were performed.

INCIDENCE DENSITY, PROPORTIONATE MORTALITY, AND RISK FACTORS OF ASPERGILLOSIS IN MAGELLANIC PENGUINS IN A REHABILITATION CENTER FROM BRAZIL.

Aspergillosis, an opportunistic mycosis caused by the Aspergillus genus, affects mainly the respiratory system and is considered one of the most significant causes of mortality in captive penguins. This study aimed to examine a 6-yr period of cases of aspergillosis in penguins at the Centro de Recuperação de Animais Marinhos (CRAM-FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the institution's records of penguins received from January 2004 to December 2009.

2010 A(H1N1) vaccination in pregnant women in Brazil: identifying coverage and associated factors.

We studied vaccination coverage and its associated factors in the 2010 pandemic influenza vaccination of Brazilian pregnant women. A cross-sectional study of pregnant women who had given birth was performed in a municipality in southern Brazil, in 2010. Data about vaccination against A(H1N1) and sociodemographic characteristics, morbidities and prenatal care were collected.

Iron supplementation among pregnant women: results from a population-based survey study.

Objectives: To measure the prevalence and risk factors associated with iron supplementation among pregnant women in the municipality of Rio Grande, Southern Brazil.

Methods: All mothers living in this municipality who had children in 2007 were surveyed for demographic, socioeconomic and health care received during pregnancy and childbirth. The statistical analysis consisted of Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance, and the measure of effect was prevalence ratio (PR).

Prevalence of anxiety in patients admitted to a university hospital in southern Brazil and associated factors.

Objective: To identify the prevalence of anxiety in adults hospitalized in the clinical ward of a university hospital and to analyze the possible associated factors.

Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital. All interviewees answered a specific questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Evidence of association between hepatitis C virus genotype 2b and nosocomial transmissions in hemodialysis centers from southern Brazil.

Background: Hepatitis C virus infection is a serious public health problem. Hemodialysis is considered one of the main risk factors of HCV infection, due to several invasive medical procedures and potential nosocomial transmission that patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are continuously submitted. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of HCV and its genotypes in patients with CRF in hemodialysis units in southern Brazil.

[Factors associated with the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in Brazilian hemodialysis patients].

Background: Patients on chronic hemodialysis have a lower immune response to vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) than the general population.

Aim: To identify factors that may interfere with immunization against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Brazilian hemodialysis patients and analyze the evolution of the level of antibodies.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study, using records of patients on hemodialysis in the years 2000-2008.

[Body mass index and gestational weight gain as factors predicting complications and pregnancy outcome].

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) at the beginning of pregnancy and weight gain on pregnancy outcome so that this measure can be implemented and valued by prenatal care health services.

Method: Cross-sectional population-based study of all births in the only two hospitals in Rio Grande city (Brazil), in 2007. Among the 2,557 mothers interviewed, it was possible to calculate BMI in only 1,117.

[Humanized attention to parturition of adolescents: analysis of practices developed in an obstetric center].

Quantitative study that aimed to analyze the practices developed in assisting the adolescent, from the account of health workers, in an Obstetric Center in a teaching hospital, based on the proposal of humanization of parturition of the Health Ministry. According to the workers, useful practices in assisting parturition, among them, orientations about relaxation techniques at parturition, improving the attachment between mother and child, are being carried out. However, the right to a companion has not been taken into account.