The tumour virus B (TVB) locus encodes cellular receptors mediating infection by three subgroups of avian leukosis virus (B, D, and E). Three major alleles, TVB*S1, TVB*S3, and TVB*R, have been described. TVB*S1 encodes a cellular receptor mediating infection of subgroups B, D, and E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFS*S (Silver), S*N (wild type/gold), and S*AL (sex-linked imperfect albinism) form a series of alleles at the S (Silver) locus on chicken (Gallus gallus) chromosome Z. Similarly, sex-linked imperfect albinism (AL*A) is the bottom recessive allele at the orthologous AL locus in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). The solute carrier family 45, member 2, protein (SLC45A2), previously denoted membrane-associated transporter protein (MATP), has an important role in vesicle sorting in the melanocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA markers are commonly used for large-scale evaluation of genetic diversity in farm animals, as a component of the management of animal genetic resources. AFLP markers are useful for such studies as they can be generated relatively simply; however, challenges in analysis arise from their dominant scoring and the low level of polymorphism of some markers. This paper describes the results obtained with a set of AFLP markers in a study of 59 pig breeds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe use of DNA markers to evaluate genetic diversity is an important component of the management of animal genetic resources. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) has published a list of recommended microsatellite markers for such studies; however, other markers are potential alternatives. This paper describes results obtained with a set of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers as part of a genetic diversity study of European pig breeds that also utilized microsatellite markers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn important prerequisite for a conservation programme is a comprehensive description of genetic diversity. The aim of this study was to use anonymous genetic markers to assess the between- and the within-population components of genetic diversity for European pig breeds at the scale of the whole continent using microsatellites. Fifty-eight European pig breeds and lines were analysed including local breeds, national varieties of international breeds and commercial lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle nucleotide polymorphism markers are developed on SSC2, predominantly on the p-arm. Several studies reported a quantitative trait loci (QTL) for backfat thickness in this region. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by comparative re-sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products from a panel of eight individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn an experimental cross between Meishan and Dutch Large White and Landrace lines, 785 F2 animals with carcass information and their parents were typed for molecular markers covering the entire porcine genome. Linkage was studied between these markers and eight meat quality traits. Quantitative trait locus analyses were performed using interval mapping by regression under two genetic models: 1) the line-cross approach, where the founder lines were assumed to be fixed for different QTL alleles and 2) a half-sib model where a unique allele substitution effect was fitted within each of the 38 half-sib families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo improve the comparative map for pig chromosome 2 and increase the gene density on this chromosome, a porcine bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library was screened with 17 microsatellite markers and 18 genes previously assigned to pig chromosome 2. Fifty-one BAC clones located in the region of a maternally imprinted quantitative trait locus for backfat thickness (BFT) were identified. From these BACs 372 kb were sample sequenced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA whole-genome scan was conducted using 132 microsatellite markers to identify chromosomal regions that have an effect on teat number. For this purpose, an experimental cross between Chinese Meishan pigs and five commercial Dutch pig lines was used. Linkage analyses were performed using interval mapping by regression under line cross models including a test for imprinting effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA high-resolution comparative map was constructed for porcine Chromosome (SSC) 2, where a QTL for back fat thickness (BFT) is located. A radiation hybrid (RH) map containing 33 genes and 25 microsatellite markers was constructed for this chromosome with a 3000-rad porcine RH panel. In total, 16 genes from human Chromosome (HSA) 11p, HSA19p, and HSA5q were newly assigned to SSC2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the 1960s, the Arabian oryx was one of the most endangered species in the world, extinct in the wild and surviving in only a few captive herds. The present day population of over 2000 descends from a small number of founders and may have restricted genetic variation for important adaptive genes. We have examined the amount of genetic variation for a class II gene in the major histocompatibility complex thought to be the most important genetic basis for pathogen resistance in vertebrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative trait loci (QTL) for fatness traits were reported recently in an experimental Meishan x Large White and Landrace F(2) cross. To further investigate the regions on pig Chr 2 (SSC2), SSC4, and SSC7, 25 additional markers from these regions were typed on 800 animals (619 F(2) animals, their F(1) parents, and F(0) grandfathers). Compared with the published maps, a modified order of markers was observed for SSC4 and SSC7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
July 2000
The role of imprinting in body composition was investigated in an experimental cross between Chinese Meishan pigs and commercial Dutch pigs. A whole-genome scan revealed significant evidence for five quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting body composition, of which four were imprinted. Imprinting was tested with a statistical model that separated the expression of paternally and maternally inherited alleles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated factor VII coagulant activity (FVII:C) has been associated with an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease, particularly for fatal events. Results of studies on the association between FVII:C and atherosclerosis are not consistent. FVII:C levels are influenced by several environmental factors and by genetic factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn an experimental cross between Meishan and Dutch Large White and Landrace lines, 619 F(2) animals and their parents were typed for molecular markers covering the entire porcine genome. Associations were studied between these markers and two fatness traits: intramuscular fat content and backfat thickness. Association analyses were performed using interval mapping by regression under two genetic models: (1) an outbred line-cross model where the founder lines were assumed to be fixed for different QTL alleles; and (2) a half-sib model where a unique allele substitution effect was fitted within each of the 19 half-sib families.
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