Factors related to alcohol-drinking behaviors on secondary school students grade 1-3 in the province of Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand.

Background: Globally, alcohol consumption is the major cause of mortality and disease. Future health and life quality may also be affected by early initiation of alcohol consumption. It is a cross-sectional design for a research survey.

Iodine Status in Pregnant Women Having Urinary Fluoride in Contaminated Areas: A Case Study of Phayao Province.

Fluoride naturally occurs in the Earth's crust and is widely dispersed in groundwater. The high consumption of fluoride can inhibit iodine metabolism in the human body, especially in the thyroid gland. This study assessed iodine knowledge, iodine consumption behavior, urinary iodine (UI), thyroid stimulating hormone (serum TSH), and free triiodothyronine3 (serum FT3) and examined the connection between fluoride exposure and UI and thyroid function as serum concentrations of TSH and FT3 in pregnant women dwelling in an area of endemic fluorosis.