Canal of Nuck hydrocele in elderly female with cirrhosis: A case report and review of literature.

Hydrocele of the Canal of Nuck is a rare inguinal-scrotal swelling that occurs primarily as a chronic painful lump in childhood or in young women. Here, we present a rare case of the same, presenting at an extreme of age and with a short history. An 85-year-old female patient presented with a progressive inguinal swelling for 2 months in a known case of decompensated cirrhosis of liver in form of ascites and portal cavernoma.

A Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) 4: A Rare Case Report With Literature Review.

A 12-year-old female, resident of western India, presented with a history of pruritus associated with jaundice for two months. On presentation, she had icterus with mild palpable hepatomegaly. Investigations revealed direct hyperbilirubinemia and elevated transaminases, while gamma-glutamyl transferase levels were normal.

Acute Liver Failure as an Index Presentation of Hematolymphoid Malignancy: A Rare Case Report.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is usually due to viral hepatitis and toxins. We have recently seen a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presenting with ALF. High clinical suspicion is necessary for making a diagnosis of this rare etiology presenting as ALF.

TB prevention and immunization in pediatrics.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the main contributors to global mortality and morbidity. Prevalence of TB is more in developing countries. It is one of the airborne diseases that has always been a major health problem.

Role of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and Gene Xpert.

Background: Mediastinal tubercular lymphadenitis is form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis [EPTB]. Clinical presentations are non-specific and diagnosis remains great clinical challenge. Microbiological and or histopathological evidences need to be present in order make diagnosis secure before initiation of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT).

A Rare Case of Bacteremia in a Patient with Cirrhosis of Liver.

is a rare pathogen that primarily causes nosocomial infection. It is usually seen in immune dysfunction or immunocompromised patients and patients with invasive medical devices. Here, we present a rare case of bacteremia in a patient with cirrhosis of the liver.

Association of GCKR and MBOAT7 genetic polymorphisms with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aim Of The Study: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most important causes of chronic liver disease (CLD) in both Western and Asian populations. There is wide inter-individual variability in the occurrence of NAFLD and progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) even after correcting environmental factors, and its true explanation can be provided by heritability. Two such genetic variations, the glucokinase regulator (GCKR) and membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7) genes, in NAFLD patients were studied in the Indian population.

Adequacy of sigmoidoscopy as compared to colonoscopy for assessment of disease activity in patients of ulcerative colitis: a prospective study.

Background/aims: Patients of ulcerative colitis (UC) on follow-up are routinely evaluated by sigmoidoscopy. There is no prospective literature to support this practice. We assessed agreement between sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy prospectively in patients with disease extent beyond the sigmoid colon.

Challenges in Diagnosis of Esophageal Tuberculosis.

Esophageal tuberculosis (TB) is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary TB, accounting for <0.2% of all TB cases. Esophageal TB most commonly presents with dysphagia, odynophagia, retrosternal pain, and systemic symptoms like decreased appetite, loss of weight, and low-grade fever as associated or other presentations.

A comparative study of uncomplicated acute non-A-E hepatitis with acute viral hepatitis and acute onset autoimmune hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Non-A-E hepatitis (NAEH) not leading to acute liver failure (ALF) is poorly documented. The objective was to compare clinical and laboratory features of uncomplicated acute NAEH with acute viral (AVH) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and histopathology in NAEH and AIH.

Methods: Cases of hepatocellular jaundice were included.

Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidelines on liver transplantation.

Liver transplantation is a highly complex and challenging field of clinical practice. Although it was originally developed in western countries, it has been further advanced in Asian countries through the use of living donor liver transplantation. This method of transplantation is the only available option in many countries in the Asia-Pacific region due to the lack of deceased organ donation.

A case of giant colonic lipoma removed endoscopically using a modified hybrid technique.

Colonic lipomas are benign adipose tumors and are mostly asymptomatic. They may cause symptoms when their size becomes more than 2 cm. Giant colonic lipoma (GCL) is a rare finding in endoscopy which presents with or without macroscopic ulceration and may lead to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA).

A Rare Cause of Acute on Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF): Bakuchi-Induced Liver Injury.

Psoralea corylifolia Linn (Bakuchi or Babchi), commonly known as purple fleabane, is a popular herb used in Ayurvedic traditional medicine. Its seeds, called Fructus Psoraleae, are traditionally used for treating leprosy, vitiligo, and psoriasis in the absence of empirical evidence. We report the first case of acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) caused by Bakuchi, a well-documented hepatotoxic agent, in a middle-aged female.

Upfront tofacitinib in patients with biological-naïve ulcerative colitis - An Indian multicentric experience.

Objectives: Tofacitinib is a Janus Kinase inhibitor used for treating moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC), mainly after the failure of biological therapy. There is a paucity of data on the outcome of tofacitinib in biological-naïve UC patients. The present study was aimed at analyzing the safety and efficacy of tofacitinib in biological-naïve Indian patients with UC.

Effects of high bilirubin level in pregnancy in Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 2: An extremely rare but important clinical entity to recognize.

Crigler-Najjar is a rare genetic autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of enzyme Uridine 5-Diphosphate Glucuronosyl Transferase (UDP-GT). We report the case of a 24-year-old female with two consecutive pregnancies with a high level of total bilirubin level of 15.1 mg/dl and a direct bilirubin level of 0.

Electrosurgical unit in GI endoscopy: the proper settings for practice.

Introduction: Electrosurgical unit (ESU) is integral to the endoscopy unit. The proper knowledge of the Mode with setting is essential for good therapeutic outcomes and the safety of the patients.

Areas Covered: ESU generates high-frequency electric current, which could perform cutting and coagulation for various therapeutic interventions.

An Audit of Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction: Experience from Tertiary Referral Center.

Background: Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) is a common cause of portal hypertension in India.

Aims: (1) To evaluate the clinical presentation and the natural history of EHPVO; (2) to describe the risk factors, rebleeding rates and development of portal biliopathy on follow-up; and requirement of surgery in EHPVO at a tertiary care center.

Methods: Data from 318 consecutive patients with EHPVO from June 2012 to October 2020 were analyzed.

Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells Using Imaging Flow Cytometry in Liver Disease Patients.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is asymptomatic at an early stage which delays its timely diagnosis and treatment. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), derived from a primary or secondary tumor, may help in the management of HCC. Here, we evaluate and characterize CTCs in liver disease patients.

Early virus clearance of SARS-CoV-2 among co-infection with malaria.

Background And Objectives: India has witnessed significant number of cases of co-infection of malaria or dengue with COVID-19, especially during the monsoon season. It has been speculated that anti-malarial immunity might have a protective role in co-infection. Retrospective analysis of co-infection of vector-borne diseases with COVID-19 was done for comparing their remission with matched controls with COVID-19 by means of epidemiological data.

Three-dimensional Bioprinting in Gastroenterology: A Literature Review.

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is one of the most upcoming research areas which apply 3D printing technology in medical and surgical applications. The basic concept of 3D bioprinting is to design tissue scaffolds to replace diseased or injured tissues. Gastroenterology is one of the medical fields in which 3D bioprinting is being rigorously researched.

A Case of Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Triggered by COVID-19 Infection.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel condition. One of the theories for its etiopathogenesis is gastrointestinal infections. Although COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal involvement is also common.

Pattern of liver function test variations in COVID-19 infection & its clinical significance: A study from a dedicated COVID-19 tertiary care centre from India.

Background & Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and other systems disease. Studies describing liver involvement and liver function test (LFT) abnormalities are sparse from our population. This study was undertaken to estimate the LFT abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary care set up in India.