Microbiome of honey bee corbicular pollen: Factors influencing its structure and potential for studying pathogen transmission.

Honey bees are exposed to a diverse variety of microbes in the environment. Many studies have been carried out on the microbiome of bee gut, beebread, and flower pollen. However, little is known regarding the microbiome of fresh corbicular pollen, which can directly reflect microbes acquired from the environment.

Elevated Atmospheric Co Levels Impact Soil Protist Functional Core Community Compositions.

Protists, known as microeukaryotes, are a significant portion of soil microbial communities. They are crucial predators of bacteria and depend on bacterial community dynamics for the growth and evolution of protistan communities. In parallel, increased levels of atmospheric CO significantly impact bacterial metabolic activity in rhizosphere soils.

Acanthamoeba castellanii alone is not a growth promoter for Hordeum vulgare.

Protists are important key players in the microbial loop and influence their environment by grazing, which leads to the return of nutrients into the soil and reduces pathogen pressure on plants. Specifically, protists on and around plant roots are important for plants' development and growth. For this study, the fourth most important crop in the world, , was selected.

Long-term detection of Hartmannibacter diazotrophicus on winter wheat and spring barley roots under field conditions revealed positive correlations on yield parameters with the bacterium abundance.

Monitoring of bioinoculants once released into the field remains largely unexplored; thus, more information is required about their survival and interactions after root colonization. Therefore, specific primers were used to perform a long-term tracking to elucidate the effect of Hartmannibacter diazotrophicus on wheat and barley production at two experimental organic agriculture field stations. Three factors were evaluated: organic fertilizer application (with and without), row spacing (15 and 50 cm), and bacterial inoculation (H.

Domestication caused taxonomical and functional shifts in the wheat rhizosphere microbiota, and weakened the natural bacterial biocontrol against fungal pathogens.

Modern crops might have lost some of their functional traits, required for interacting with beneficial microbes, as a result of the genotypic/phenotypic modifications that occurred during domestication. Here, we studied the bacterial and fungal microbiota in the rhizosphere of two cultivated wheat species (Triticum aestivum and T. durum) and their respective ancestors (Aegilops tauschii and T.

Modulation of the Altered Intestinal Microbiota by Use of Antibiotics with a Novel Synbiotic on Wistar Rats.

The use of antibiotics unbalances the intestinal microbiota. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are alternatives for these unbalances. The effects of a new synbiotic composed of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and fructans from Agave salmiana (fAs) as prebiotics were assessed to modulate the intestinal microbiota.

Control of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei on Barley Leaves by Treatment with Fungi-Consuming Protist Isolates.

The obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis causes the powdery mildew disease of cereals, which results in large crop losses. Control of B. graminis in barley is mainly achieved by fungicide treatment and by breeding resistant varieties.

Robbsia betulipollinis sp. nov., Isolated from Pollen of Birch (Betula pendula).

One gram-negative strain designated Bb-Pol-6 was isolated from birch (Betula pendula) pollen at Giessen area, Germany. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenies indicated the next-relative genera were Robbsia, Chitinasiproducens, Pararobbsia and Paraburkholderia (96-95.6%).

fructans enhance the effects of fermented milk products on obesity biomarkers: a randomised trial.

Dysbiosis has been implicated in childhood obesity. Oral intake of fermented milk containing strain Shirota preserves gut microbiota (GM) diversity in children and adults. This study was a double-blind trial involving 37 overweight or obese children aged 6-10 years.

Elevated atmospheric CO concentrations caused a shift of the metabolically active microbiome in vineyard soil.

Background: Elevated carbon dioxide concentrations (eCO), one of the main causes of climate change, have several consequences for both vine and cover crops in vineyards and potentially also for the soil microbiome. Hence soil samples were taken from a vineyard free-air CO enrichment (VineyardFACE) study in Geisenheim and examined for possible changes in the soil active bacterial composition (cDNA of 16S rRNA) using a metabarcoding approach. Soil samples were taken from the areas between the rows of vines with and without cover cropping from plots exposed to either eCO or ambient CO (aCO).

Soil metatranscriptome demonstrates a shift in C, N, and S metabolisms of a grassland ecosystem in response to elevated atmospheric CO.

Soil organisms play an important role in the equilibrium and cycling of nutrients. Because elevated CO (eCO) affects plant metabolism, including rhizodeposition, it directly impacts the soil microbiome and microbial processes. Therefore, eCO directly influences the cycling of different elements in terrestrial ecosystems.

Bacterial Species Associated with Highly Allergenic Plant Pollen Yield a High Level of Endotoxins and Induce Chemokine and Cytokine Release from Human A549 Cells.

Sensitization to pollen allergens has been increasing in Europe every year. Most studies in this field are related to climate change, phenology, allergens associated with different pollens, and allergic disorders. As a plant microhabitat, pollen is colonized by diverse microorganisms, including endotoxin-producing bacteria which may contribute to pollen allergy (pollinosis).

Domestication Impacts the Wheat-Associated Microbiota and the Rhizosphere Colonization by Seed- and Soil-Originated Microbiomes, Across Different Fields.

The seed-transmitted microorganisms and the microbiome of the soil in which the plant grows are major drivers of the rhizosphere microbiome, a crucial component of the plant holobiont. The seed-borne microbiome can be even coevolved with the host plant as a result of adaptation and vertical transmission over generations. The reduced genome diversity and crossing events during domestication might have influenced plant traits that are important for root colonization by seed-borne microbes and also rhizosphere recruitment of microbes from the bulk soil.

Archaeal community dynamics in biogas fermentation at various temperatures assessed by mcrA amplicon sequencing using different primer pairs.

In this study, the taxonomic and functional diversity of methanogenic archaea in two parallel 120 l fermenters operated at different temperatures and fed with maize silage was estimated by mcrA metabarcoding analysis using two typical primer pairs (ML and MLA) amplifying part of the functional methyl coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) gene. The alpha diversity indices showed that the ML primer pair detected a higher Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) abundance compared to the MLA primer pair and methanogen diversity was significantly lower in the 60 °C fermenters. The beta diversity analysis showed the methanogenic community clustered together at 50 °C and 40° and was statistically different from the 60 °C community.

Metatranscriptomic Analysis of Bacterial Communities on Laundered Textiles: A Pilot Case Study.

Microbially contaminated washing machines and mild laundering conditions facilitate the survival and growth of microorganisms on laundry, promoting undesired side effects such as malodor formation. Clearly, a deeper understanding of the functionality and hygienic relevance of the laundry microbiota necessitates the analysis of the microbial gene expression on textiles after washing, which-to the best of our knowledge-has not been performed before. In this pilot case study, we used single-end RNA sequencing to generate de novo transcriptomes of the bacterial communities remaining on polyester and cotton fabrics washed in a domestic washing machine in mild conditions and subsequently incubated under moist conditions for 72 h.

Elevated Atmospheric CO Modifies Mostly the Metabolic Active Rhizosphere Soil Microbiome in the Giessen FACE Experiment.

Elevated levels of atmospheric CO lead to the increase of plant photosynthetic rates, carbon inputs into soil and root exudation. In this work, the effects of rising atmospheric CO levels on the metabolic active soil microbiome have been investigated at the Giessen free-air CO enrichment (Gi-FACE) experiment on a permanent grassland site near Giessen, Germany. The aim was to assess the effects of increased C supply into the soil, due to elevated CO, on the active soil microbiome composition.

sp. nov., isolated from a natural salt meadow.

A Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated I-24, was isolated from soil of a natural salt meadow. Strain I-24 was aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive and grew optimally at pH 7 and 25 °C. Comparative 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that strain I-24 has closest similarities to KCTC 52727 (95.

Draft Genome Sequences of KCTC 52727 and KCTC 52035.

S7-3-3 (KCTC 52727) and 15J9-4 (KCTC 52035) are type strains isolated from an apple orchard and beach soil in South Korea, respectively; their draft genome sequences were assembled and annotated. The draft genome sequences of S7-3-3 (7,239,915 bp; G+C content, 50.6%) and 15J9-4 (7,551,610 bp; G+C content, 47.

Effects of Agave Fructans, Inulin, and Starch on Metabolic Syndrome Aspects in Healthy Wistar Rats.

Healthy Wistar rats were supplemented during 20 weeks with commercial inulin (I) and fructans (CAT), experimental fructans from (EAT) and (AS) mature stems, rice starch 10% (RS), and standard feed for rodents (C). Feed intake was kept steady, but with I, body weight and abdominal adipose tissue (6.01 g) decreased at the end.

The Response of the Soil Microbiota to Long-Term Mineral and Organic Nitrogen Fertilization is Stronger in the Bulk Soil than in the Rhizosphere.

The effects of different agronomic practices, such as fertilization regimes, can be experimentally tested in long-term experiments (LTE). Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen fertilizations on the bacterial microbiota in both rhizosphere and bulk soil of sugar beet, in the Giessen-LTE (Germany). Fertilization treatments included mineral-N, manure, mineral-N + manure and no N-amendment.

Isolation of bacteria at different points of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation and their influence in mycelial growth.

Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most cultivated edible mushrooms worldwide and few approaches have been done to analyze bacterial influence during its cultivation. Therefore, bacteria from commercial spawn, mycelial-colonized straw and fruiting bodies from healthy productive samples were counted, isolated and tested for their mycelial growth promoting ability. Bacterial cell numbers at different steps of the process showed low bacterial cell numbers in spawn and in fruiting bodies inner tissue compared to the high concentration in mycelial-colonized straw.

Influence of Sampling Site and other Environmental Factors on the Bacterial Community Composition of Domestic Washing Machines.

Modern, mainly sustainability-driven trends, such as low-temperature washing or bleach-free liquid detergents, facilitate microbial survival of the laundry processes. Favourable growth conditions like humidity, warmth and sufficient nutrients also contribute to microbial colonization of washing machines. Such colonization might lead to negatively perceived staining, corrosion of washing machine parts and surfaces, as well as machine and laundry malodour.

Effect of Parkinson's disease and related medications on the composition of the fecal bacterial microbiota.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. PD patients suffer from gastrointestinal dysfunctions and alterations of the autonomous nervous system, especially its part in the gut wall, i.e.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Strain E19.

Strain E19 described as gen. nov. sp.

Stability of in situ immobilization of trace metals with different amendments revealed by microbial C-labelled wheat root decomposition and efflux-mediated metal resistance of soil bacteria.

The aim of the present study was to prove the long-term efficiency of the amendments zerovalent iron grit, zeolite, and Divergan® for trace metal remediation in heavily contaminated soils and to attain a recovery of microbial functionality and diversity by remediation. For immobilization of the trace metals the amendments zerovalent iron grit, natural zeolite, and Divergan® were used. Trace metal total and mobile contents were determined and bacterial communities were assessed after a SIP experiment with C-labelled wheat root by Ion-Torrent Sequencing targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and two trace metal resistant genes for copper and cadmium (copA and czcA gene).