Publications by authors named "Rastunova G"

It was shown that hen egg-white lysozyme (LM) in the dose 100 mg/kg under the daily intragastral use slightly inhibited tumor grown or did not influence significantly upon it and did not change antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide. When used at mice C57Bl/6J with the transplanted ascitic or solid T-cell lymphoma EL4 (syngeneic system). On model of the same tumors in ascitic form at mice-hybrids (C57Bl/6J x DBA2)F1 (semisingeneic system) LM significantly potentiates antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide, though it had no effect on the rate of tumor growth.

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Dysbacteriosis is an important pathogenetic condition in the development of endogenous infection whose treatment and prevention are among the most topical and challenging problems. The common cause of dysbacteriosis is antibiotic therapy and prevention of surgical infection. Antibiotic therapy should be performed in accordance to strict indications, with compliance of rational regimens and methods for using drugs.

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With the aim to study effectiveness+ of endolymphatic (EL) administration of ampicillin (AC), using the model of an acute diffuse septic peritonitis in dogs, the morphological and morphometrical investigation has been performed concerning the state of the lymph nodes (LN), which are regional as regards the pathological focus (pelvic) and remote (tracheobronchial, mesenteric) and hemomicrocirculatory bed (HMCB) of the small intestine mesentery. All LN groups studied are involved in the pathological process, that produces certain increasing disturbances in the structure and cell composition in LN. In 6 h the changes are especially manifested in the pelvic LN, and in 18 h--in the animals without application of AC, or at its intramuscular injection LN lose their typical structure.

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The effect of lysozyme (2 mg/kg) on pharmacokinetics of ampicillin (60 mg/kg) and the lymph nodes was studied in a model of experimental diffuse peritonitis in 52 dogs. The drugs were administered intramuscularly in single doses simultaneously with simulation of the pathological process. Under such conditions, lysozyme promoted an increase in the ampicillin concentration in the lymphatic system, blood and tissues and prolonged the antibacterial activity to 18 hours of the experiment.

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By means of morphological, morphometrical and histochemical methods pelvic and tracheobronchial lymph nodes have been studied in dogs and concentration of lysozyme has been estimated in blood serum, in lymph and the lymph nodes after a single intramuscular injection of lysozyme (2 mg/kg of body mass). In the material investigated total concentration of lysozyme reaches its maximal values in 6 h after injection, then it gradually decreases and in 48 h reaches its control level. Morphometrically changes in cell composition are revealed predominantly of immune-competent cells in T- and B-dependent zones of the lymph nodes.

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A procedure for quantitative determination of prodigiosan in 0.02 per cent solutions in the visible region of the spectrum is described. The procedure is based on the ability of prodigiosan to affect the spectral properties of 1-ethyl-2-[3-(ethylnaphthyl [1,2d]-thiazolin-3-imidine)-2methyl propenyl]-naphtho-[1,2d]-thiazolin bromide (a dye).

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Metabolism and function of mouse phagocytes were studied experimentally under conditions of immunosuppression with biologically active substances. It was shown by the cytochemical methods with the use of cytophotometry that strong immunosuppression with azathioprin, prednisolone, especially with their combination induced inhibition of the enzymatic systems responsible for synthetic and energy processes in macrophages. Prodigiosan, a bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and lysozyme promoted elimination of the unfavourable effect of the immunosuppressors on macrophage metabolism, normalizing the decreased activity of certain enzymes and markedly activating the enzymes involved in detoxification and phagocytosis.

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The state of macrophage surface structures is closely connected with the function 1 capacity of these cells. Peritoneal macrophages from mice subjected to strong 10-day immunosuppression with azathioprine (60 mg/kg), prednisolone (50 mg/kg) or their combination (25 and 30 mg/kg, respectively) were investigated with scanning electron microscopy. Azathioprine and especially its combination with prednisolone induced pronounced degenerative affections in the macrophages and lymphocytes, smoothing of their surfaces, predominance of large spread macrophages, and impairment of the intracellular cooperation.

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Based on a study of the absorption properties of prodigiosan it has been shown that its UV absorption spectrum is characterized by an arm at 250-260 nm with an inflection point at 260 nm. The concentration ranges within which the optical density of prodigiosan solution obeyed the Bouguer-Lambert-Beer law were measured. This allowed the development of a quantitative spectrophotometric method for determination of prodigiosan in ampouled solutions.

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The peritoneal macrophages of mice treated with lysozyme were studied by cytochemical assay. In single and repeated doses of 0.5-5 mg/kg lysozyme induced an increase in macrophage metabolism.

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Surface structures of the peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice treated intramuscularly with various doses of egg lysozyme (0.05 to 50 mg/kg) were studied with scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that the effect of lysozyme on the macrophages significantly depended on the dose of the preparation and the frequency of its use.

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Distribution of gentamycin and klaforan in the lymphatic system, blood and cerebrospinal fluid, as well as their effect on lymph node morphology was studied experimentally on 46 dogs. The antibiotics were administered endolymphatically in doses of 1 and 30 mg/kg respectively. The highest levels of gentamycin (200-250 micrograms/ml) and klaforan (up to 1600 micrograms/ml) were detected in the central lymph.

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The quantitative cytochemical investigation of the prodigiozan effect on the enzymatic activity of the peritoneal macrophages was performed on mice. The drug was administered in a single dose of 150 microgram/kg 24 hours before the specimen collection. Prodigiozan promoted a reliable increase in the activity of the enzymes participating in glycolysis (lactate and cytoplasmic alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases), hexoso-monophosphatic pathway of glucose oxidation (glucoso-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), succinate dehydrogenase, NADP.

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The surface structures of peritoneal macrophages of mice were investigated with a scanning electron microscope RZEM-500. The study revealed 3 types of the macrophages. Macrophages of type 1 predominated in intact mice.

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The activity of various enzyme groups and the levels of protein and glycogen in the peritoneal macrophages of CBA mice treated intraperitoneally with sodium nucleinate were determined histochemically with the use of cytophotometry. A significant increase in the activity of the lysosomal enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterases and an increase in the activity of lactate, malate, glutamate, alpha-glycerophosphate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases. NAD.

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The experiments on mice showed in principle a possibility of using prodigiozan, a stimulant of the host immunobiological reactivity together with immunodepressants in transplantation. Imuran in doses of 25 or 60 mg/kg and prednisolone in doses of 30 or 50 mg/kg were used on alternate days at a rate of 5 injections of every drug per course. Prodigiozan was administered intramuscularly in a dose of 0.

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The effect of gentamicin sulphate and its combination will prodigiozan on antibody formation in experiments and the levels of the immunobiologic reactivity of patients with purulent inflammatory processes was studied with a purpose of developing rational schemes of antibiotic therapy of infectious diseases. A decrease in the titers of the antibodies to Aeromonas and the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen was noted on repeated administration of gentamicin to albino mice in a dose of 20 mg/kg. This was prevented by the use of prodigiozan in a dose of 500 micrograms/kg once every 4 days.

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The effect of gentamicin on the functional state of the cells of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) of the abdominal cavity of mouse macrophages and the cell culture of the rabbit embryon kidneys was studied. Gentamicin administered intramuscularly in multiple doses of I and 10 mg/kg for 6--14 days did not induce significant changes in the absorptive activity of the RES. In doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg gentamicin induced some inhibition of the absorptive activity of the abdominal cavity macrophages, which was accompanied by a decrease in the content of the total protein and an increase in the activity of the acid phosphatase in the cell cytoplasm.

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