Evaluating the Immunogenicity of recombinant VP1 protein from the foot-and-mouth disease virus encapsulated in nanoliposome in guinea pig animal model.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is considered as contagious in livestock, which is caused by the Picornavridae virus family known as FMD virus (FMDV). In the present study, the VP1 gene from FMDV (O strain) was expressed and purified. In addition, nanoliposomes were utilized as an adjuvant.

Expression and production of protoscolex recombinant P29 protein and its serological evaluation for diagnosis of human hydatidosis.

Cystic Echinococcosis/Hydatidosis considered as one of the most important parasitic diseases in humans and animals across the world. The goal of the present study was to determine a native antigen with an acceptable sensitivity and specificity to be used in the human hydatid cyst diagnostic methods. In the present study, recombinant P29 antigen was used to detect the antibodies in the serum of patients with hydatid cysts of the liver.

Identification of Antigenic and Immunogenic Proteins of Toxoplasma gondii in Human and Sheep by Immunoproteomics.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite, , which can infect humans and warm-blooded animals. This infection can lead to still birth and abortion among some susceptible hosts especially sheep and human in pregnancy. Development of a vaccine against infection is very important-especially for use in immunocompromised patients, pregnant women, and sheep.

The role of MPL and imiquimod adjuvants in enhancement of immune response and protection in BALB/c mice immunized with soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA) encapsulated in nanoliposome.

Adjuvants play an essential role in the induction of immunity against leishmaniasis. In this study, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and imiquimod (IMQ) were used as TLR ligands adjuvants to enhance immunogenicity and rate of protection against leishmaniasis. Nanoliposomes containing soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA) and adjuvants were consisted of DSPC, DSPG and Chol prepared by using lipid film method followed by bath sonication.

Antibacterial Activity of Isolated Immunodominant Proteins of Venom.

The aim of this study is to investigate antibacterial effects of immunodominant proteins isolated from the venom of snake against and The innate immune system is an important line of defense against bacterial diseases. Antibacterial peptides and proteins produced by snake venoms have recently attracted significant attention due to their relevance to bacterial diseases and the potential of being converted into new therapeutic agents. Identification of immunodominant proteins of the venom of snake was performed by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis.

Enhanced and selective permeability of gold nanoparticles functionalized with cell penetrating peptide derived from maurocalcine animal toxin.

Functionalization of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is suitable for many applications such as biomedical imaging, clinical diagnosis, and targeted delivery by conjugating cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Here, we investigated intracellular uptake of GNP conjugated to MCaUF1-9(Ala) , a CPP derived from maurocalcine (MCa) animal toxin, and compared it with TAT functionalized GNP. Peptide conjugated GNP was characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy.

Comparison of Gold Nanoparticle Conjugated Secondary Antibody with Non-Gold Secondary Antibody in an ELISA Kit Model.

In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as carriers of the signaling anti-chicken antibody peroxidase in comparison with anti-chicken antibody peroxidase without gold nanoparticle in a commercial avian influenza kit. AuNPs enhanced the absorbance and shortened the assay time. AuNPs act as a carrier of many enzymes and multiply the effect of enzyme when reacting with substrate.

Evaluation of immunodominant proteins of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis cell wall by Western blot analysis.

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) is a slow growing mycobactin, whose dependence on mycobacterial species is known to be the causative agent of Johne's disease (paratuberculosis) in all species of domestic ruminants worldwide. The organism is transmitted via close contact, ingestion, or transplacentally from mother to fetus and occurs commonly in grazing domestic animals.

Study on camel IgG purification: a new approach to prepare Naja Naja Oxiana antivenom as passive immunization for therapy.

A combined process of ammonium sulfate precipitation (salting out) and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B was used to prepare camel antivenom (IgG) against Naja Naja Oxiana for therapy. In the ammonium sulfate precipitation, the best condition for fractionation of IgG from the other proteins in camel serum was 55% precipitate. The camel IgG presented as 2 bands with molecular masses of 250 and 100 kDa, the latter corresponding to heavy chain IgG, on 10% gel electrophoresis.

Evaluation of immunogenicity of purified cell wall-associated 34 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection.

The 34 kDa cell wall protein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) has been suggested as a major species-specific immunodominant antigen in Johne's disease. However to date, there has not been a purified 34 kDa protein isolated from bacterial lysates used in immunogenicity analysis.

Differentiating pestes des petits ruminants and rinderpest viruses by a novel monoclonal antibody.

Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is an acute, febrile, viral disease of small ruminants with great economic importance. PPR and rinderpest (RP) viruses are antigenically related and need to be differentiated serologically. The use of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in ELISA for specific diagnostics and separation of PPR and RPV is important.

Development of a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determining of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in trivalent measles-mump-rubella (MMR) vaccines.

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using polyclonal antibody, was developed and compared with the commercial kit for detecting and estimating of BSA content in Measles-Mump-Rubella (MMR) vaccine samples in detection limit of nanogram level. The test depends on the capturing and detecting of BSA antigen by the polyclonal antibody. Initially, a detection range of 0-64 ng/ml was established, could be used for estimation of BSA content according to WHO requirement (50 ng/ml) in MMR vaccines.

Partially purified fraction (PPF) antigen from adult Fasciola gigantica for the serodiagnosis of human fascioliasis using Dot-ELISA technique.

Background: Human fascioliasis has been reported in many countries, including Iran. Various techniques have been evaluated for diagnosis of human fascioliasis using different antigens. We evaluated Fasciola gigantica partially purified fraction antigen (PPF) isolated from sheep's liver fluke for the diagnosis of human fascioliasis.