Coadministration of Ketamine and Perampanel Improves Behavioral Function and Reduces Inflammation in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury Mouse Model.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the most debilitating neurological disorders with inadequate therapeutic options. It affects all age groups globally leading to post-TBI behavioral challenges and life-long disabilities requiring interventions for these health issues. In the current study, C57BL/6J mice were induced with TBI through the weight-drop method, and outcomes of acutely administered ketamine alone and in combination with perampanel were observed.

Discovery and Protein Modeling Studies of Novel Compound Mutations Causing Resistance to Multiple Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Objective: BCR-ABL fusion oncogene is the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), causing genomic instability which leads to accumulation of mutations in BCR-ABL as well as other genes. BCR-ABL mutations are the cause of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance in CML. Recently, compound BCR-ABL mutations have been reported to resist all FDA approved TKIs.

Risk Factors Associated With Medication Errors Among Patients Suffering From Chronic Disorders.

Medication error is unintentional and can be reduced by reducing the risk factors. Patients suffering from chronic diseases are at an increased risk of medication errors. This work aims to assess the risk factors associated with medication errors among patients suffering from chronic disorders in hospitals of South Punjab, Pakistan.

Time course evaluation of lacosamide alone and in polypharmacy on behavioral manifestations and oxidative stress in lithium-pilocarpine-induced model.

The lithium-pilocarpine model in rats is commonly used to study the characteristic events of acute status epilepticus (SE), epileptogenesis and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here we investigated the impact of lacosamide alone and in combination with other drugs (pregabalin, piracetam and scopolamine) on spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) and behavioral parameters during the time frame of 6 weeks after SE. In addition, the level of oxidative stress in the hippocampus was accessed by real-time microdialysis study (8-isoprostanes) and antioxidants enzymes in the homogenate.

Modality of Radiotherapy and Overall Survival in Pediatric Diffuse Brainstem Gliomas: Implications for Resource-Constrained Settings.

Background: Childhood diffuse brainstem glioma (dBSG) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Any tumor-directed surgical intervention is difficult. Magnetic resonance imaging forms the mainstay of diagnosis and radiation therapy has remained the backbone of therapy.

Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in Three Metropolitan Cities of Pakistan.

Purpose: The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) has been associated with psychological distress during its rapid rise period in Pakistan. The present study aimed to assess the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) in the three metropolitan cities of Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted in 276 HCWs from April 10, 2020, to June 5, 2020.

In-Vitro Assessment Of The Therapeutic Potential Of Polymyxins And Tigecycline Against Multidrugresistant Acinetobacter Isolates From Infected Wounds.

Background: The incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extreme drug resistant (XDR), and pan drug-resistant (PDR) Acinetobacter are increasing throughout the world. The therapeutic management and control of Acinetobacter are difficult due to the emergence of drug resistance and its enduring capacity to survive in the environment. The present study was designed to appraise the efficacy of Polymyxins and Tigecycline against multidrugresistant Acinetobacter isolates from surgical and burn wounds.

Assessment of Undergraduate Pharmacy Students' Attitude Towards Pharmaceutical Care in Pakistan: Practice Implications.

Background And Purpose: Over the past few decades, the focus of pharmacy practice has been shifted from the classical role of drug dispenser to pharmacotherapy expert. Pharmacists now are more often involved in the patient care process by addressing the drug-related needs of the patients and this patient-centered approach is known as pharmaceutical care (PC). The present study was conducted to assess the attitude of pharmacy undergraduate students toward PC and various contributing factors that influence their preference towards it.

A national study to assess pharmacists' preparedness against COVID-19 during its rapid rise period in Pakistan.

To evaluate the pharmacist's preparedness against the COVID-19 during its rapid rise period in Pakistan, an online cross-sectional study was carried out from March 30 to May 22, 2020 among the pharmacists using a pre-validated self-administered questionnaire. A total of 1149 participants completed the survey, amongst which 430(37.9%) were working as retail pharmacists, 216 (18.

Pharmacological Modulation of Smooth Muscles and Platelet Aggregation by .

Traditionally, in the Southern Asian countries, is a widely used plant for the management of various ailments such as gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cardiac disorders, but it lacks proof on a scientific basis, and therefore, this is the major emphasis of the current research work. Crude extract of (Pc.Cr) was preliminary analyzed for the presence of different classes of bioactive molecules.

Impact of Human SULT1E1 Polymorphisms on the Sulfation of 17β-Estradiol, 4-Hydroxytamoxifen, and Diethylstilbestrol by SULT1E1 Allozymes.

Background And Objectives: Previous studies have revealed that sulfation, as mediated by the estrogen-sulfating cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) SULT1E1, is involved in the metabolism of 17β-estradiol (E2), 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OH-tamoxifen), and diethylstilbestrol in humans. It is an interesting question whether the genetic polymorphisms of SULT1E1, the gene that encodes the SULT1E1 enzyme, may impact on the metabolism of E2 and these two drug compounds through sulfation.

Methods: In this study, five missense coding single nucleotide polymorphisms of the SULT1E1 gene were selected to investigate the sulfating activity of the coded SULT1E1 allozymes toward E2, 4OH-tamoxifen, and diethylstilbestrol.

Saccharothrix Algeriensis NRRL B-24137 Potentiates Chemical Fungicide Carbendazim in Treating Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. Vasinfectum-Induced Cotton Wilt Disease.

Cotton () wilt is one of the destructive disease caused by f. sp. and lead to 100% yield loss under favorable conditions.

Emergence of Harboring ST29 and ST11 in Veterinary Settings and Waste of Pakistan.

Introduction: Intense livestock farming practices enforcing the farmers to use antibiotics as food supplements on a routine basis. Aberrant use of antibiotics is associated with the emergence of antibiotics resistance and resistant superbugs. Keeping in view the current scenario, the present study was designed for the first time from Pakistan with a specific aim to estimate the prevalence of the carbapenem-resistant in veterinary settings and the waste in Pakistan.

Sequence Types Harboring Genes Encoding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes and 16SrRNA Methylase; a Multicenter Study from Pakistan.

Introduction: The aminoglycosides are widely used for the therapeutic management of infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, including the strains. However, the resistance to the members of the aminoglycoside family, such as amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin, is increasingly being common among the clinical isolates.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence of 16SrRNA methylases and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) genes among aminoglycoside resistant isolates and to study the genetic diversity of the clinical population of in local hospitals.

gene variant rs2494938 provides susceptibility to esophageal cancer in the population of Jammu and Kashmir.

Background: Leucine-rich repeat and fibronectin type 2 gene (LRFN2) variant rs2494938 has recently been found associated with esophageal cancer in a genome-wide association study in an Asian population. However, this association has not been replicated in any Indian population despite high incidence of the disease.

Materials And Methods: In the present case-control study, 166 cases and 459 controls were included.

MicroRNA-532-3p Regulates Pro-Inflammatory Human THP-1 Macrophages by Targeting ASK1/p38 MAPK Pathway.

Inflammation is a complex biological process which alters the normal physiological function of the immune system resulting in an abnormal microenvironment that leads to several clinical complications. The process of inflammation is mediated through various intracellular signaling factors inside the cells. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is an inflammation-derived kinase that controls the activation of other family of kinases such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPKs), which mediates various the inflammatory processes.

Non-pharmacological Interventions for Intractable Epilepsy.

In 30% of epileptic individuals, intractable epilepsy represents a problem for the management of seizures and severely affects the patient's quality of life due to pharmacoresistance with commonly used antiseizure drugs (ASDs). Surgery is not the best option for all resistant patients due to its post-surgical consequences. Therefore, several alternative or complementary therapies have scientifically proven significant therapeutic potential for the management of seizures in intractable epilepsy patients with seizure-free occurrences.

CRISPR-Cas system: a potential alternative tool to cope antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotic exposure leads to massive selective pressures that initiate the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in commensal and pathogenic bacteria. The slow process of developing new antibiotics makes this approach counterintuitive for combatting the rapid emergence of new antibiotic resistant pathogens. Therefore, alternative approaches such as, the development of nucleic acid-based anti-bacterial treatments, anti-bacterial peptides, bacteriocins, anti-virulence compounds and bacteriophage therapies should be exploited to cope infections caused by resistant superbugs.

Neurological and cognitive significance of probiotics: a holy grail deciding individual personality.

The role of the human microbiome in the brain and behavioral development is an area of increasing attention. Recent investigations have found that diverse mechanisms and signals including the immune, endocrine and neural associations are responsible for the communication between gut microbiota and the brain. The studies have suggested that alteration of intestinal microbiota using probiotic formulations may offer a significant role in the maturation and organization of the brain and can shape the brain and behavior as well as mood and cognition in human subjects.

Prediction of lisinopril pediatric dose from the reference adult dose by employing a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model.

Background: This study aimed to assess the pediatric lisinopril doses using an adult physiological based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. As the empirical rules of dose calculation cannot calculate gender-specific pediatric doses and ignores the age-related physiological differences.

Methods: A PBPK model of lisinopril for the healthy adult population was developed for oral (fed and fasting) and IV administration using PK-Sim MoBI® and was scaled down to a virtual pediatric population for prediction of lisinopril doses in neonates to infants, infants to toddler, children at pre-school age, children at school age and the adolescents.

Lessons of the month 2: Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP): A rare manifestation of infliximab therapy.

We present a rare and unusual case of 22-year-old man who was on infliximab therapy for his uncontrolled ulcerative colitis. Infliximab was stopped as he didn't get any benefit from it and he ended up having subtotal colectomy and ileostomy. He presented with shortness of breath and eosinophilia and underwent a number of investigations and finally a diagnosis of chronic eosinophilia secondary to infliximab was made.

ABO Blood Group and the Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Kashmir, a High Risk Region.

Background: ABO blood group has been linked with a number of diseases including cancer. Association of ABO blood type with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been sparsely reported and the results are inconsistent. We undertook this study to analyze if any association exists between the ABO and Rh blood groups and ESCC risk.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Toward COVID-19 in Primary Healthcare Providers: A Cross-Sectional Study from Three Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan.

An online cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among primary health care providers (PHPs) at three tertiary care hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. Data was collected via email and online social media platforms. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25.

DNA evidence in sexual assault cases in Pakistan.

Sexual assault is becoming a global epidemic, affecting close to a billion women throughout the world. This paper explores the challenges in the admissibility of DNA evidence in rape cases in Pakistan. Delays in the medical examination of victims, and improper collection and packaging of evidentiary material, compromise the probative biological evidence.