Cross-contamination rate of reusable flexible bronchoscopes: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bronchoscopy is generally a safe and efficient procedure. However, the risk of cross-contamination with reusable flexible bronchoscopes (RFB) has been detected in several outbreaks worldwide.

Aim: To estimate the average cross-contamination rate of patient-ready RFBs based on available published data.

The Cost of Flexible Bronchoscopes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Until 2009, only reusable bronchoscopes were marketed, but the introduction and widespread adoption of single-use flexible bronchoscopes (SFBs) as an emerging technology has since accelerated. Several studies have described the costs of reusable flexible bronchoscopes (RFBs) and SFBs. This meta-analysis aimed to compile the current published evidence to analyse the cost of different scenarios using RFBs and SFBs.

Rate and impact of duodenoscope contamination: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple infection outbreaks have been linked to contaminated duodenoscopes worldwide. However, the contamination rate of patient-ready duodenoscopes varies highly amongst published studies testing this subject. We aimed to estimate the contamination rate of reprocessed patient-ready duodenoscopes for endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) based on currently available data.

Effects of the 5-HT receptor antagonist idalopirdine on extracellular levels of monoamines, glutamate and acetylcholine in the rat medial prefrontal cortex.

Idalopirdine (Lu AE58054) is a high affinity and selective antagonist for the human serotonin 5-HT receptor (K 0.83nM) in phase III development for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease as an adjunct therapy to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). We have studied the effects of idalopirdine on extracellular levels of monoamines, glutamate and acetylcholine in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of freely-moving rats using microdialysis.