Polyamine-Derived Aminoaldehydes and Acrolein: Cytotoxicity, Reactivity and Analysis of the Induced Protein Modifications.

Polyamines participate in the processes of cell growth and development. The degradation branch of their metabolism involves amine oxidases. The oxidation of spermine, spermidine and putrescine releases hydrogen peroxide and the corresponding aminoaldehyde.

Unveiling the Unexpected: Why Doctors Should Look beyond the Lungs when Predicting COVID-19 Mortality.

Introduction: The main objective of this study was to identify the best combination of admission day parameters for predicting COVID-19 mortality in hospitalized patients. Furthermore, we sought to compare the predictive capacity of pulmonary parameters to that of renal parameters for mortality from COVID-19.

Methods: In this retrospective study, all patients admitted to a tertiary hospital between September 1st, 2020, and December 31st, 2020, who were clinically symptomatic and tested positive for COVID-19, were included.

The Role of IL-6 in Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Metastasis-Overview and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) belongs to a broad class of cytokines involved in the regulation of various homeostatic and pathological processes. These activities range from regulating embryonic development, wound healing and ageing, inflammation, and immunity, including COVID-19. In this review, we summarise the role of IL-6 signalling pathways in cancer biology, with particular emphasis on cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis formation.

Relationship between Patient Preferences, Attitudes to Treatment, Adherence, and Quality of Life in New Users of Teriflunomide.

A poor patient adherence often limits the real-world effectiveness of an oral disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we aimed to map patient preferences, attitudes toward treatment, and quality of life to identify the predictors of non-adherence to teriflunomide. This was a single-arm, non-interventional, multicenter study (Czech Act 378/2007 Coll.

The searching for agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment via the system of self-consistent models.

Robust quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for hBACE-1 inhibitors (pIC50) for a large database ( = 1706) are established. New statistical criteria of the predictive potential of models are suggested and tested. These criteria are the index of ideality of correlation () and the correlation intensity index ().

Are We Ready for Migrastatics?

Metastasis accounts for the highest mortality rates in solid tumor cancer patients. However, research and development have neglected this most lethal characteristic and, instead, have concentrated on the hallmarks of cancer that make tumor cells highly proliferative and distinctive from nonmalignant cells. The concentration on invasion and metastasis can be one of the most meaningful advancements in cancer investigation.

The sequence of amino acids as the basis for the model of biological activity of peptides.

The algorithm of building up a model for the biological activity of peptides as a mathematical function of a sequence of amino acids is suggested. The general scheme is the following: The total set of available data is distributed into the active training set, passive training set, calibration set, and validation set. The training (both active and passive) and calibration sets are a system of generation of a model of biological activity where each amino acid obtains special correlation weight.

The effect of exposure to hypoxia on superoxide formation by alveolar macrophages is indirect.

Aims: To elucidate the role of alveolar macrophages (AM) in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), we tested the effects of sustained hypoxia on AM polarization and on the formation of superoxide by AM in vivo and in vitro.

Main Methods: Rat AM were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. 4-day exposure to hypoxia (10% O2) was carried out in vivo (rats in isobaric hypoxic chamber, controls kept in air) or in vitro (control AM in 21% O2 and 5% CO2).

The study of the index of ideality of correlation as a new criterion of predictive potential of QSPR/QSAR-models.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors (DHFR), Toxicity in Tetrahymena pyriformis (TP), Acute Toxicity in fathead minnow (TFat), Water solubility (WS), and Acute Aquatic Toxicity in Daphnia magna (DM) are examined as endpoints to establish quantitative structure - property/activity relationships (QSPRs/QSARs). The Index of Ideality of Correlation (IIC) is a measure of predictive potential. The IIC has been studied in a few recent works.

Possible role of mitochondrial K-ATP channel and nitric oxide in protection of the neonatal rat heart.

Cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) in adult hearts is mediated by mitochondrial-K-ATP channels and nitric oxide (NO). During early developmental period, rat hearts exhibit higher resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and their resistance cannot be further increased by IPC or IPoC. Therefore, we have speculated, whether mechanisms responsible for high resistance of neonatal heart may be similar to those of IPC and IPoC.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are at increased risk of fractures. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis and osteoporosis related fractures in postmenopausal women with T2DM.

Methods: A total of 112 postmenopausal women with T2DM and 171 control nondiabetic women received a standardized questionnaire on osteoporosis risk factors, and were evaluated for bone mineral density (BMD, by using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), biochemical markers of bone and glucose metabolism, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and its gene polymorphisms (rs1800625 or rs2070600).

CORAL Software: Analysis of Impacts of Pharmaceutical Agents Upon Metabolism via the Optimal Descriptors.

Backgrounds: The CORAL software has been developed as a tool to build up quantitative structure- activity relationships (QSAR) for various endpoints.

Objective: The task of the present work was to estimate and to compare QSAR models for biochemical activity of various therapeutic agents, which are built up by the CORAL software.

Method: The Monte Carlo technique gives possibility to build up predictive model of an endpoint by means of selection of so-called correlation weights of various molecular features extracted from simplified molecular input-line entry system (SMILES).

Improved building up a model of toxicity towards Pimephales promelas by the Monte Carlo method.

By optimization of so-called correlation weights of attributes of simplified molecular input-line entry system (SMILES) quantitative structure - activity relationships (QSAR) for toxicity towards Pimephales promelas are established. A new SMILES attribute has been utilized in this work. This attribute is a molecular descriptor, which reflects (i) presence of different kinds of bonds (double, triple, and stereo chemical bonds); (ii) presence of nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, and phosphorus atoms; and (iii) presence of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine atoms.

Body composition is associated with bone and glucose metabolism in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased fracture risk; the underlying mechanism remains unexplained. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between body composition and bone and glucose metabolism in postmenopausal women with T2DM. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition.

The Utilization of the Monte Carlo Technique for Rational Drug Discovery.

Quantitative structure - activity relationships (QSARs) are built up for three endpoints (i) blood-brain barrier permeability; (ii) butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity; and (iii) for biological effect of antibacterial drugs. The models are based on utilization of the Monte Carlo technique. The CORAL software available on the Internet has been utilized for the calculations.

High Prevalence of Hypovitaminosis D in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The link between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is intensively studied. This study aims to define the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) and to investigate the relationship between 25-OH D status, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body composition in postmenopausal women with T2DM and in non-diabetic controls. In this cross-sectional study, 75 women with T2DM and 32 control subjects were selected.

Searching therapeutic agents for treatment of Alzheimer disease using the Monte Carlo method.

Quantitative structure - activity relationships (QSARs) for the pIC50 (binding affinity) of gamma-secretase inhibitors can be constructed with the Monte Carlo method using CORAL software (http://www.insilico.eu/coral).

[On the problem of diagnostics and treatment of herpetic infection in the oral cavity].

A clinical case of herpetic manifestation in the mouth is described as a grave gingivostomatitis in a child aged 12. Chronology and symptomatics of the disease are analyzed in details as well as the difficulties both in diagnostics and treatment. Some important moments are discussed that usually aggravate the clinical picture and the treatment of similar conditions--including an antibiotic from penivillin group in the treatment, the presence of cutting teeth with inflammatory alterations around them, extraction.

[Microbiological study on subgingival dental plaque in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis after metronidazole effect].

Clinical and bacteriological studies on sublingual dental plaque have been carried out on 60 juveniles (from 13 to 16 years of age) with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. The therapeutic schedule covers local metronidazol treatment, combined with oral hygiene (OH) and instructions and control for maintenance of OH at home. The results reveal that metronidazol had an excellent antianaerobic action, though the mechanical removal and optimal OH are particularly important for the good clinical results.

[Incidence of recurrent aphthae among children with gastrointestinal diseases].

Recurrent aphthae is rather often disease during infantjuvenile age. The aphthous alterations on mucosa of the oral cavity could be of various etiology. They could be symptoms of a general aphthosis (recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Behçet's disease, Turen disease), an individual manifestation of allergic states, manifestation of immuno-deficiency states as well as secondary stomatitis during some general diseases.