Publications by authors named "Raskar S"
Earlier biomarkers of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) treatment outcomes are critical to monitor shortened anti-TB treatment (ATT). To identify early microbiologic markers of unfavorable TB treatment outcomes. We performed a subanalysis of 2 prospective TB cohort studies conducted from 2013 to 2019 in India.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe extensive use of Burm. f. (Embelia) in tribal medicine proclaimed global attention as a promising candidate in complementary and alternative medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study investigated how sex differences affect tuberculosis (TB) severity, drug exposure, and treatment outcomes, revealing that women generally have a lower mycobacterial burden and face fewer unfavorable treatment outcomes than men.
- - Conducted in India with 1,541 participants, women had a significantly lower risk (35%) of treatment failure or recurrence, with specific factors like cavitary disease increasing risk for women, while men were impacted more by alcohol use and other health metrics.
- - Women demonstrated higher drug exposure levels for isoniazid compared to men, emphasizing the importance of considering sex differences when developing strategies to enhance TB treatment effectiveness.
Concomitant pulmonary disease is common among patients with extrapulmonary TB.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
April 2022
Microbiologic screening of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) patients could inform recommendations for aerosol precautions and close contact prophylaxis. However, this is currently not routinely recommended in India. Therefore, we estimated the proportion of Indian patients with EPTB with microbiologic evidence of pulmonary TB (PTB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Pune, India.
Open Forum Infect Dis
April 2021
Article Synopsis
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB), and a study in India compared treatment outcomes between TB patients with and without DM over 18 months.
- Among 799 participants, those with DM had a similar overall rate of unfavorable treatment outcomes (20% for TB-DM vs 21% for TB-only), but had higher mortality rates.
- The study highlighted that early mortality was significantly higher for TB patients with DM, suggesting a need for interventions to improve outcomes for this group.
Approximately 10% of incident TB cases worldwide are attributable to alcohol. However, evidence associating alcohol with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes is weak. We prospectively evaluated men (≥18 years) with pulmonary TB in India for up to 24 months to investigate the association between alcohol use and treatment outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we report proteome profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-originated, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived, lens-like organoids termed lentoid bodies at two differentiation time points. A small aliquot of the blood sample was ascertained to collect PBMCs that were reprogrammed to iPSCs. The PBMC-originated, iPSCs were differentiated to lentoid bodies employing the "fried egg" method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of the Xpert assay among adult pulmonary tuberculosis suspects with and without diabetes mellitus.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
January 2020
Pune and Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation area, Maharashtra State, India. To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay among adults with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and with or without diabetes (DM). As part of a prospective cohort study, we screened 2359 adults presumed to have PTB with no history of TB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipid mediators of inflammation and Resolution in individuals with tuberculosis and tuberculosis-Diabetes.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat
April 2020
Article Synopsis
- * A study involving 40 individuals (20 with newly diagnosed DM and 20 without) analyzed serum samples to quantify pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators, identifying specific lipid families that are abundant in each group.
- * Findings revealed that individuals with TB-DM exhibited stronger connections between pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators than those with TB alone, suggesting a complex molecular balance at play in this comorbidity.
Background: Burden, phenotype and risk-factors of lung function defects in successfully treated tuberculosis cases are unclear.
Methods: We performed spirometry with bronchodilators in new drug-sensitive adult (≥18 years) pulmonary tuberculosis cases during the 12 months following successful treatment in India. Airflow obstruction was defined as pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<5th percentile of Global Lung Initiative mixed-ethnicity reference (lower limit of normal [LLN]).
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Tuberculosis Treatment.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
November 2018
Article Synopsis
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are increasingly overlapping diseases, and their interaction can affect how well TB treatments work.
- A study involving 243 TB patients found that those with DM had lower concentrations of the anti-TB drug pyrazinamide, which can impede treatment effectiveness, particularly if HbA1c levels are high.
- Higher concentrations of isoniazid or rifampin did improve treatment outcomes for DM patients, but high pyrazinamide levels led to worse outcomes like treatment failure or relapse.
Setting: The optimal timing of screening for diabetes mellitus (DM) among tuberculosis (TB) cases is unclear due to the possibility of stress hyperglycemia.
Design: We evaluated adult (18 years) pulmonary TB cases at treatment initiation as well as at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. DM was identified by self-report (known DM) or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.
Prevalence of dysglycemia and clinical presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Western India.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
December 2017
Setting: Pune, India.
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of pre-diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM, and its associations with the clinical presentation of tuberculosis (TB).
Design: Screening for DM was conducted among adults (age 18 years) with confirmed TB between December 2013 and January 2017.