Environmental sustainability in gynecologic oncology.

Climate change is a complex, global issue that is impacting human health in various ways, with healthcare being a significant contributor to carbon emissions in the United States. This review discusses the environmental impact of important aspects of gynecologic oncology care, including surgery, anesthesia care, radiology, chemotherapy, and radiation oncology. Operating room energy and material use is highlighted, with a focus on the environmental impact of robotic surgery.

MR imaging of penile pathology and prostheses.

Penile MRI is a vital yet underutilized diagnostic tool that provides detailed information crucial for managing various penile pathologies. Due to its infrequent use, many radiology trainees lack confidence in interpreting these exams. This article reviews the anatomy, key technical considerations, and interpretive pearls for penile trauma, Peyronie's disease, priapism, penile neoplasms, prosthesis evaluation, and a few miscellaneous conditions.

A Rare Case of Single-Rooted Maxillary First Molar With Type II Canal Configuration.

The morphological variations in roots and root canals vary greatly in multi-rooted teeth making it a challenge for accurate diagnosis and effective endodontic therapy. In addition to using technology appropriately, this article highlights how important it is to have a complete understanding of root canal morphology. With the assistance of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and a dental operating microscope (DOM), successful endodontic treatment was performed on a single-rooted maxillary first molar with Vertucci's type II canal configuration.

Acquired ductopenia: an insight into imaging findings.

Hepatic ductopenia is a pathologic diagnosis characterized by a decrease in the number of intrahepatic bile ducts as a consequence of various underlying etiologies. Some etiologies, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and ischemic cholangitis, often have distinctive imaging findings. In contrast, other causes such as chronic rejection following liver transplantation, drug-induced biliary injury, infection, malignancy such as lymphoma, and graft-versus-host disease may only have ancillary or non-specific imaging findings.

Antimicrobial effect of herbal and conventional root canal endodontic irrigants against persistent pathogens.

Evaluation and comparison of natural products like triphala, eucalyptus and carvacol with conventional root canal irrigant such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) and Chlorhexidine against persistent root canal pathogens like is of interest. Samples were taken both before irrigation as well as after irrigation. CFU was counted after the plates had been incubated overnight at temperature of 37°C overnight.

The C-terminus is essential for the stability of the mycobacterial channel protein MspA.

Outer membrane proteins perform essential functions in uptake and secretion processes in bacteria. MspA is an octameric channel protein in the outer membrane of Mycobacterium smegmatis and is structurally distinct from any other known outer membrane protein. MspA is the founding member of a family with more than 3000 homologs and is one of the most widely used proteins in nanotechnological applications due to its advantageous pore structure and extraordinary stability.

Phase I Safety and Feasibility Pilot of Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy in a Rural Catchment Area Using The Codman Vascular Catheter with The Medtronic SynchroMed II Pump for Intrahepatic Cancers.

Background: Discontinuation of the Codman 3000 pump in 2018 left no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved hepatic artery infusion (HAI) device for unresectable colorectal liver metastases (uCLM) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (uIHC). Historically, HAI has been performed at academic medical centers in large metropolitan areas, which are often inaccessible to rural patients. Consequently, feasibility of dissemination of HAI to rural populations is unknown.

Percoll discontinuous density gradient centrifugation method for the fractionation of the subpopulations of and from cultures.

Bacterial populations in the laboratory cultures, environment, and patients contain metabolically different subpopulations that respond differently to stress agents, including antibiotics, and emerge as stress tolerant or resistant strains. To contain the emergence of such strains, it is important to study the features of the metabolic status and response of the subpopulations to stress agents. For this purpose, an efficient method is required for the fractionation and isolation of the subpopulations from the cultures.

I saw the "kissing ovaries" sign: Too close for comfort.

The Kissing ovaries sign is a radiological sign seen in women with deep pelvic endometriosis. It refers to abutment of the ovaries within the cul-de-sac. The term kissing ovaries was first described by Ghezzi et al.

MRI defecography revisited. At-rest pelvic floor measurements with and without rectal gel. Is there a difference?

Purpose: The authors sought to test if there was a difference in key pelvic floor measurements obtained during MR defecography at-rest, i.e., H-line, M-line and anorectal angle (ARA), before and after rectal gel administration.

Complete identity and expression of StfZ, the -antisense RNA to the mRNA of the cell division gene , in .

Bacteria regulate FtsZ protein levels through transcriptional and translational mechanisms for proper cell division. A -antisense RNA, StfZ, produced from the intergenic region, was proposed to regulate FtsZ level in . However, its structural identity remained unknown.

Radiologic findings of biliary complications post liver transplantation.

Liver transplantation is a potentially curative treatment for patients with acute liver failure, end-stage liver disease, and primary hepatic malignancy. Despite tremendous advancements in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive management, there remains a high rate of post-transplant complications, with one of the main complications being biliary complications. In addition to anastomotic leak and stricture, numerous additional biliary complications are encountered, including ischemic cholangiopathy due to the sole arterial supply of the bile ducts, recurrence of primary biliary disease, infections, biliary obstruction from stones, cast, or hemobilia, and less commonly cystic duct remnant mucocele, vanishing duct syndrome, duct discrepancy and kinking, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, retained stent, and ampullary dysfunction.

Growth and division mechanisms by which genetic resisters emerge from the rifampicin-surviving population of differentially antibiotic-susceptible mycobacterial subpopulations.

Background: We recently reported the de novo emergence of unusually high numbers of antibiotic resisters from the in vitro cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis surviving in the presence of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of antituberculosis antibiotics. The resisters emerged due to multiple asymmetric divisions of elongated mother cells containing multiple nucleoids and multiple septae. We had earlier found a minor subpopulation of short-sized cells (SCs) and a major subpopulation of normal-sized cells (NCs) (10% and 90%, respectively, of the whole population), with significant difference in antibiotic susceptibility and resister generation frequency, in the in vitro cultures of M.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis: review for radiologists.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a rare chronic inflammatory disease affecting the bile ducts, which can eventually result in bile duct strictures, cholestasis and cirrhosis. Patients are often asymptomatic but may present with clinical features of cholestasis. Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and management.

The HO inherently released by the mycobacterial minor subpopulation enhances the survival of the major kin subpopulation against rifampicin.

Exposure to antibiotics most often generates oxidative stress in bacteria. Oxidative stress survival mechanisms would facilitate the evolution of antibiotic resistance. As part of an effort to understand oxidative stress survival mechanisms in mycobacteria, here we show that the minor subpopulation (s; hort-sized ells constituting 10% of the population) of significantly increased the survival of its major kin subpopulation (s; ormal/long-sized ells constituting 90% of the population) in the mid-log-phase (MLP) cultures against the oxidative stress induced by rifampicin and exogenously added HO (positive control).

Deletion of rifampicin-inactivating mono-ADP-ribosyl transferase gene of globally altered gene expression profile that favoured increase in ROS levels and thereby antibiotic resister generation.

The physiological role of mono-ADP-ribosyl transferase (Arr) of , which inactivates rifampicin, remains unclear. An earlier study reported increased expression of during oxidative stress and DNA damage. This suggested a role for Arr in the oxidative status of the cell and its associated effect on DNA damage.

strains genetically resistant to moxifloxacin emerge from the moxifloxacin-surviving population containing high levels of superoxide, HO, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II).

Background: The antibiotic-exposed bacteria often contain the reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydroxyl radical, which inflicts genome-wide mutations, causing the de novo formation of antibiotic-resistant strains. Hydroxyl radical is generated by Fenton reaction of Fe (II) with the ROS, HO, which, in turn, is formed by the dismutation of the ROS, superoxide. Therefore, for the emergence of bacterial strains genetically resistant to antibiotics, increased levels of superoxide, HO, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II) should be present in the antibiotic-exposed bacteria.

'You don't compare horrors, you just don't do that': Examining assumptions and extending the scope of comparative victim beliefs.

Social psychological research on collective victimhood has often focused on comparisons between the ingroup's and outgroups' collective victimization (i.e. comparative victim beliefs such as competitive victimhood or inclusive victim beliefs).

Deep learning versus iterative reconstruction on image quality and dose reduction in abdominal CT: a live animal study.

While simulated low-dose CT images and phantom studies cannot fully approximate subjective and objective effects of deep learning (DL) denoising on image quality, live animal models may afford this assessment. This study is to investigate the potential of DL in CT dose reduction on image quality compared to iterative reconstruction (IR).The upper abdomen of a live 4 year old sheep was scanned on a CT scanner at different exposure levels.

Elevated Levels of Three Reactive Oxygen Species and Fe(II) in the Antibiotic-Surviving Population of Mycobacteria Facilitate Emergence of Genetic Resisters to Antibiotics.

We had earlier reported the emergence of genetic resisters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis to rifampicin and moxifloxacin from the antibiotic-surviving population containing elevated levels of the non-DNA-specific mutagenic reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydroxyl radical. Since hydroxyl radical is generated by Fenton reaction between Fe(II) and HO, which is produced by superoxide dismutation, we here report significantly elevated levels of these three ROS and Fe(II) in the M. smegmatis rifampicin-surviving population.

Targetable IDH1 mutation identified in a rare case of pancreatic serous cystadenocarcinoma but not a series of serous cystadenomas.

Serous cystadenocarcinoma (SCAC) of the pancreas is rare, with only 35 cases reported in the literature. We present a case of SCAC, comparing the clinical presentation, management and molecular features of this case to a series of serous cystadenoma (SCA), which may be a precursor. Compared with SCAs ( = 5), SCAC was larger (11.

Genetic resisters to antibiotics in Escherichia coli arise from the antibiotic-surviving population containing three reactive oxygen species.

Antibiotic-exposed bacteria acquire genetic mutations and emerge as antibiotic-resistant clones that thwart treatment of bacterial diseases. Genome-wide mutations are inflicted by the reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydroxyl radical, formed in most of the antibiotic-exposed bacteria. Hydroxyl radical is generated through the Fenton reaction of Fe (II) with H2O2, which is formed by the dismutation of superoxide.

Incidence and Severity of Postoperative Pain Following Root Canal Treatment in Nonvital Pulps with Hand and Rotary Instrumentation Techniques in Chhattisgarh Population.

Aim: To evaluate the incidence and severity of postoperative pain following root canal treatment in nonvital pulps with hand and rotary instrumentation techniques in Chhattisgarh population.

Materials And Methods: Sixty asymptomatic single-canaled nonvital teeth were selected and were divided into two groups of 30 each. Group I: 30 single-canalled teeth were treated in a single visit and prepared with hand file system.

PD-1 derived CA-170 is an oral immune checkpoint inhibitor that exhibits preclinical anti-tumor efficacy.

Small molecule immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 and other pathways may offer advantages including ease of dosing, ability to manage immune-related adverse events (irAEs) due to their shorter pharmacokinetic exposure and opportunity to target more than one pathway for improving efficacy. Here we describe the identification and characterization of CA-170, an amino acid inspired small molecule inhibitor of PD-L1 and VISTA derived from the interface of PD-1 and PD-L1. CA-170 exhibited potent rescue of proliferation and effector functions of T cells inhibited by PD-L1/L2 and VISTA with selectivity over other immune checkpoint proteins as well as a broad panel of receptors and enzymes.