Multi-level determinants of vaccination of the American Indian and Alaska Native population: a comprehensive overview.

Context: American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) are historically disadvantaged, losing 20 million (95%) of their population largely through epidemics since 1,520 and continuing lower overall vaccination coverage than other races. Determinants of this lower coverage are underexamined.

Methods: Among peer-reviewed relevant articles since 1968, 39 studied AIANs solely; 47 drew general population samples, including AIANs.

A multidisciplinary approach for the management of temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the primary components of the complex masticatory system. Any disturbance in the joint due to congenital or acquired causes such as trauma, pathology, or functional disturbance affects the masticatory system. This case report highlights the management of condylar hypoplasia due to trauma by forceps delivery which led to TMJ dysfunction and chronic disc displacement without reduction.