Early embryonic death in equines and camelids.

This paper includes the study of early embryonic death (EED), predisposing factors of EED and treatment. EED refers to the fetal mortality which varies in mare and camelids but most probably not later than 50 days of gestation. This duration may be divided into very early mortality, early mortality and late embryonic mortality.

Melatonin and Health: Insights of Melatonin Action, Biological Functions, and Associated Disorders.

Melatonin is ubiquitous molecule with wide distribution in nature and is produced by many living organisms. In human beings, pineal gland is the major site for melatonin production and to lesser extent by retina, lymphocytes, bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, and thymus. Melatonin as a neurohormone is released into circulation wherein it penetrates all tissues of the body.

Social determinants of pacemaker reuse among patients and family members in Pakistan.

Objectives: This survey aimed to quantify the opinions of CIED reuse among patients and family members in Pakistan and to identify the social determinants which may predict these views.

Methods: A questionnaire formulating attitudes toward PPM reuse was administered to patients and family members at cardiology institutes in Pakistan from 1 July 2022 to 30 September 2022. The eligibility criteria (age > 18 years; inline for PPM placement) were taken into account and incomplete responses were excluded from the final analysis.

Dynamics of parasite growth in genetically diverse Plasmodium falciparum isolates.

Multiple parasite lineages with different proliferation rates or fitness may coexist within a clinical malaria isolate, resulting in complex growth interactions and variations in phenotype. To elucidate the dynamics of parasite growth in multiclonal isolates, we measured growth rates (GRs) of three Plasmodium falciparum Cambodian isolates, including IPC_3445 (MRA-1236), IPC_5202 (MRA-1240), IPC_6403 (MRA-1285), and parasite lineages previously cloned from each of these isolates by limiting dilution. Following synchronization, in vitro cultures of each parasite line were maintained over four consecutive asexual cycles (192 h), with thin smears prepared at each 48-h cycle to estimate GR and fold change in parasitemia (FCP).

Zerumbone Protects Rats from Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting Oxidative Outbursts and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immunocompromised disorder characterized by a marked increase in the synthesis of inflammatory molecules that stimulates the destruction of bones and cartilage. The conventional treatment modalities for RA are associated with adverse side effects and lack sensitivity, suggesting an immediate demand for alternate beneficial therapeutic remedies. The current study sought to understand more about zerumbone's anti-inflammatory properties in diagnosing collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in experimental animals.

Impact of clinico-biochemical variations on the etiopathogenesis of cataract: a case-control study.

Purpose:: Cataract is a major cause of blindness worldwide with a greater prevalence in developing countries like India. Owing to speculations about the relationship of various biochemical markers and cataract formation this case-control study was designed with the aim to know the impact of serum blood sugar, serum electrolytes and serum calcium on the etiopathogenesis of cataract in Kashmiri population.

Methods:: A total of 300 cases diagnosed with cataract and 360 healthy controls were taken for the study.

Occurrence of endocrine disruptors in Malaysia's water systems: A scoping review.

Contamination of water systems with endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is becoming a major public health concern due to their toxicity and ubiquity. The intrusion of EDCs into water sources and drinking water has been associated with various adverse health effects on humans. However, there is no comprehensive overview of the occurrence of EDCs in Malaysia's water systems.

Molecular Docking of Bacterial Protein Modulators and Pharmacotherapeutics of Leaves as a Promising Therapy for Sepsis: Synchronising In Silico and In Vitro Studies.

Sepsis is a serious health concern globally, which necessitates understanding the root cause of infection for the prevention of proliferation inside the host's body. Phytochemicals present in plants exhibit antibacterial and anti-proliferative properties stipulated for sepsis treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the potential role of leaf extract for sepsis treatment in silico and in vitro.

Nanomedicine as potential cancer therapy via targeting dysregulated transcription factors.

Cancer as a disease possess quite complicated pathophysiological implications and is among the prominent causes of morbidity and mortality on global scales. Anti-cancer chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy are some of the present-day conventional treatment options. However, these therapeutic paradigms own several retreats, including lack of specificity, non-targeted toxicological implications, inefficient drug delivery to targeted cells, and emergence of cancer resistance, ultimately causing ineffective cancer management.

A computational study of a stochastic fractal-fractional hepatitis B virus infection incorporating delayed immune reactions via the exponential decay.

Recently, researchers have become interested in modelling, monitoring, and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection. Understanding the various connections between pathogens, immune systems, and general liver function is crucial. In this study, we propose a higher-order stochastically modified delay differential model for the evolution of hepatitis B virus transmission involving defensive cells.

New numerical dynamics of the fractional monkeypox virus model transmission pertaining to nonsingular kernels.

Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic illness that is analogous to smallpox. Monkeypox infections have moved across the forests of Central Africa, where they were first discovered, to other parts of the world. It is transmitted by the monkeypox virus, which is a member of the Poxviridae species and belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus.

RGD density along with substrate stiffness regulate hPSC hepatocyte functionality through YAP signalling.

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes (hPSC-Heps) may be suitable for treating liver diseases, but differentiation protocols often fail to yield adult-like cells. We hypothesised that replicating healthy liver niche biochemical and biophysical cues would produce hepatocytes with desired metabolic functionality. Using 2D synthetic hydrogels which independently control mechanical properties and biochemical cues, we found that culturing hPSC-Heps on surfaces matching the stiffness of fibrotic liver tissue upregulated expression of genes for RGD-binding integrins, and increased expression of YAP/TAZ and their transcriptional targets.

SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase binding to c-Src kinase phosphor-dependent conformations: A comparative structural framework.

SHP-1 is a cytosolic tyrosine phosphatase that is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells. It acts as a negative regulator of numerous signaling pathways and controls multiple cellular functions involved in cancer pathogenesis. This study describes the binding preferences of SHP-1 (pY536) to c-Srcopen (pY416) and c-Srcclose (pY527) through in silico approaches.

Factors affecting motivation of close-to-community sexual and reproductive health workers in low-income urban settlements in Bangladesh: A qualitative study.

Close-to-community (CTC) health workers play a vital role in providing sexual and reproductive health services in low-income urban settlements in Bangladesh. Retention of CTC health workers is a challenge, and work motivation plays a vital role in this regard. Here, we explored the factors which affect their work motivation.

Acridine as an Anti-Tumour Agent: A Critical Review.

This review summarized the current breakthroughs in the chemistry of acridines as anti-cancer agents, including new structural and biologically active acridine attributes. Acridine derivatives are a class of compounds that are being extensively researched as potential anti-cancer drugs. Acridines are well-known for their high cytotoxic activity; however, their clinical application is restricted or even excluded as a result of side effects.

Virtual Screening, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Some Carbohydrazide Derivatives as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitors are known as safe and well-tolerated antidiabetic medicine. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to synthesize some carbohydrazide derivatives (-) as DPP-IV inhibitors. In addition, this work involves simulations using molecular docking, ADMET analysis, and Lipinski and Veber's guidelines.

COVID-19 vaccination-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis presenting as acute liver failure.

Acute liver failure following COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination is very rare and can be secondary to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Liver injury in such cases appears to be extrinsic and thus treatment hinges on prompt diagnosis and reversal of the primary disease. We describe a patient who developed acute liver failure secondary to HLH after receiving a second dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine.

Synthesis and characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles: its influence on corn (Z. mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants by inoculation of Bacillus subtilis.

Nanotechnology is now playing an emerging role in green synthesis in agriculture as nanoparticles (NPs) are used for various applications in plant growth and development. Copper is a plant micronutrient; the amount of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) in the soil determines whether it has positive or adverse effects. CuONPs can be used to grow corn and wheat plants by combining Bacillus subtilis.

Diversity, Dynamics and Therapeutic Application of Bacteriophages.

causes antibiotic-induced diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis in humans and animals. Current conventional treatment relies solely on antibiotics, but infection (CDI) cases remain persistently high with concomitant increased recurrence often due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Antibiotics used in treatment also induce gut microbial imbalance; therefore, novel therapeutics with improved target specificity are being investigated.

Early intramedullary nailing of bilateral femur fractures: who might benefit most?

Introduction: Identifying which patients can receive immediate intramedullary nailing (IMN) after bilateral femoral shaft fracture may improve health-related quality of life outcomes and decrease healthcare costs. This retrospective study evaluated the perioperative factors that guided emergency department transfer of patients to the operating room (OR) where IMN or temporizing external fixation (TEF) was performed, to the intensive care unit (ICU), or to the orthopedic ward. The hypothesis was that patients referred initially to the OR or to the ICU had more serious co-morbidities, complications, or orthopedic polytrauma, increasing the likelihood that they would benefit from "damage control orthopedics" and TEF use.

Liver RBFOX2 regulates cholesterol homeostasis via Scarb1 alternative splicing in mice.

RNA alternative splicing (AS) expands the regulatory potential of eukaryotic genomes. The mechanisms regulating liver-specific AS profiles and their contribution to liver function are poorly understood. Here, we identify a key role for the splicing factor RNA-binding Fox protein 2 (RBFOX2) in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis in a lipogenic environment in the liver.

Knowledge and skills of pre-eclampsia management among healthcare providers working in antenatal clinics in Zanzibar.

Background: Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early detection and treatment of preeclampsia is lifesaving; however, evidence suggests that the majority of women in low and middle income-countries are not routinely screened for high blood pressure during antenatal care, that those with severe and mild pre-eclampsia are not monitored for blood pressure and proteinuria as needed, and the magnesium sulphate is not administered as needed. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess knowledge and skills in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia management and their associated factors among healthcare providers working in antenatal clinics in Zanzibar.

Milk-Compositional Study of Metabolites and Pathogens in the Milk of Bovine Animals Affected with Subclinical Mastitis.

Bovine milk is an important food component in the human diet due to its nutrient-rich metabolites. However, bovine subclinical mastitis alters the composition and quality of milk. In present study, California mastitis testing, somatic cell count, pH, and electrical conductivity were used as confirmatory tests to detect subclinical mastitis.

Designing the content of religious education learning in creating sustainability among children with learning disabilities: A fuzzy delphi analysis.

Teachers found it is hard to figure out what are the best approach and strategies shall be employed to create an effective learning activity that can benefit the children. Children with learning disabilities have distinctive learning difficulties, depending on each individual. Therefore, this requires modification and adaptation in the learning activities to make sure they can learn effectively.

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention in CAD patients: A comparison of major adverse cardiovascular events of second- and third-generation drug-eluting stents.

Biodegradable polymer (BP) drug-eluting stents (DES) have been introduced as a novel solution to the problems of durable polymer (DP) stents. In Pakistan, very few studies are available for the treatment intervention in post-primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) patients. Our study will compare the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and their predictors in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing PPCI with second- or third-generation DES.