Association between DNA damage repair alterations and outcomes to Lu-PSMA-617 in advanced prostate cancer.

Background: Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-617 (LuPSMA) is a radionuclide therapy approved for patients with PSMA-avid metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We evaluated whether alterations in the DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway were associated with outcomes to LuPSMA.

Patients And Methods: We identified an institutional cohort of men (n = 134) treated with ≥2 cycles of LuPSMA who had panel-based germline and/or tumor genomic sequencing.

Assessing the Impact of Early Nutritional Intervention on Pediatric Celiac Disease Management: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune condition requiring lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet, particularly in children, to prevent nutritional deficiencies and developmental delays.

Objective: The objective of study was to evaluate the effects of early nutritional intervention on the management and health outcomes of children diagnosed with celiac disease.

Methodology: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study was conducted over two years (July 2019-July 2021).

Gene signatures derived from transcriptomic-causal networks stratify colorectal cancer patients for effective targeted therapy.

Background: Gene signatures derived from transcriptomic-causal networks offer potential for tailoring clinical care in cancer treatment by identifying predictive and prognostic biomarkers. This study aimed to uncover such signatures in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to aid treatment decisions.

Methods: We constructed transcriptomic-causal networks and integrated gene interconnectivity into overall survival (OS) analysis to control for confounding genes.

Development of an immunodiagnostic assay for the detection of .

Background/aim: (SCMV; genus and family ), poses a significant threat to global sugarcane cultivars, including those in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and effective diagnostic tool for detection of SCMV, enabling timely implementation of control measures to mitigate potential yield losses.

Materials And Methods: The study focused on the in silico analysis, physicochemical properties, immunogenicity, and subcellular localization of the SCMV coat protein (CP).

Wide Awake Local Anaesthesia No Tourniquet Surgery of the Foot and Ankle: A Review of Indications, Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Complications.

Wide-awake surgery of the hand was surrounded by a lot of apprehension, mainly over concerns around using epinephrine near digits and its potential to cause digital ischemia and necrosis. With multiple reports underlining its safety and effectiveness, it is now being widely adopted in hand and wrist surgery. The British Society for Surgery of the Hand has already published guidelines on operating outside of main theatres, with an emphasis on wide awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT).

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of filtrate portions of blood serum samples of myocardial infarction patients using 30 kDa centrifugal filter devices.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It occurs when a thrombus forms after an atherosclerotic plaque bursts, obstructing blood flow to the heart. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial for improving patient survival.

Prognostic value of residual disease (RD) biology and gene expression changes during the neoadjuvant treatment in patients with HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC).

Background: In HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC), we investigated tumor and immune changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their impact on residual disease (RD) biology and prognostic implications across 4 neoadjuvant studies of trastuzumab with or without lapatinib, and with or without chemotherapy: CALGB 40601, PAMELA, NeoALTTO and NSABP B-41.

Patients And Methods: We compared tumor and immune gene expression changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their association with with event-free survival (EFS) by uni- and multivariable Cox regression models in different cohorts and timepoints: 452 RD samples at baseline including 169 with a paired RD, and biomarker changes during neoadjuvant therapy, evaluating model performance via the c-index.

Results: Analysis of 169 paired tumor samples revealed a shift in intrinsic subtype proportions from HER2-Enriched at baseline (50.

Biophysical Characterization of a Novel Phosphopentomutase from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon .

Phosphopentomutases catalyze the isomerization of ribose 1-phosphate and ribose 5-phosphate. , a hyperthermophilic archaeon, harbors a novel enzyme (PPM) that exhibits high homology with phosphohexomutases but has no significant phosphohexomutase activity. Instead, PPM catalyzes the interconversion of ribose 1-phosphate and ribose 5-phosphate.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the rapid identification of fosfomycin resistant and sensitive strains of E. coli.

Development of rapid detection and discrimination technique for the antibiotic resistant and sensitive bacterial strains is required for this purpose, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique is considered to have great potential. To develop a fast and sensitive detection and discrimination methodology based on SERS technique along with chemometric tools for the differentiation among fosfomycin sensitive and resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains.

Tumor-intrinsic kinome landscape of pancreatic cancer reveals new therapeutic approaches.

Effective therapies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been largely elusive. Here, we perform Multiplexed kinase Inhibitor Bead Mass Spectrometry on 102 patient derived xenografts derived from 14 unique primary PDAC to define the tumor-intrinsic kinome landscape. Our findings uncover three kinome subgroups making up two tumor-intrinsic kinome subtypes that we call kinotypes.

Engineering Tk1656, a highly active l-asparaginase from Thermococcus kodakarensis, for enhanced activity and stability.

l-Asparaginases catalyze the hydrolysis of l-asparagine to l-aspartic acid and ammonia. These enzymes have potential applications in therapeutics and food industry. Tk1656, a highly active and thermostable l-asparaginase from Thermococcus kodakarensis, has been proved effective in selective killing of acute lymphocytic leukemia cells and in reducing acrylamide formation in baked and fried foods.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using blood serum samples.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious medical condition generally known as heart attack, which is caused by the decreased or completely blocked blood flow to a part of the heart muscle. It is a significant cause of both mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is an important biomarker at different stages of AMI and is one of the most specific and widely used cardiac skeletal muscle proteins.

Harnessing Natural Resources for Advancements in Dengue Virus Treatment.

Dengue fever, caused by the Dengue virus (DENV) and transmitted by mosquitoes, has become endemic in over 100 countries. Despite considerable research, there is a lack of specific drugs for clinical use against dengue. Hence, further exploration to identify antidengue compounds is essential.

Kinome state is predictive of cell viability in pancreatic cancer tumor and cancer-associated fibroblast cell lines.

Numerous aspects of cellular signaling are regulated by the kinome-the network of over 500 protein kinases that guides and modulates information transfer throughout the cell. The key role played by both individual kinases and assemblies of kinases organized into functional subnetworks leads to kinome dysregulation driving many diseases, particularly cancer. In the case of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a variety of kinases and associated signaling pathways have been identified for their key role in the establishment of disease as well as its progression.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of xylanases enzyme.

Xylanases are essential hydrolytic enzymes which break down the plant cell wall polysaccharide, xylan composed of D-xylose monomers. Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) was utilized for the characterization of interaction of xylanases with xylan at varying concentrations. The study focuses on the application of SERS for the characterization of enzymatic activity of xylanases causing hydrolysis of Xylan substrate with increase in its concentration which is substrate for this enzyme in the range of 0.

Structural and functional investigations of Pcal_0606, a bifunctional phosphoglucose/phosphomannose isomerase from Pyrobaculum calidifontis.

We are investigating the glycolytic pathway in Pyrobaculum calidifontis whose genome sequence contains homologues of all the enzymes involved in this pathway. We have characterized most of them. An open reading frame, Pcal_0606, annotated as a putative phosphoglucose/phosphomannose isomerase has to be characterized yet.

Purity Independent Subtyping of Tumors (PurIST) Pancreatic Cancer Classifier: Analytic Validation of a 16-RNA Expression Signature Distinguishing Basal and Classical Subtypes.

The two major molecular subtypes of pancreatic adenocarcinoma reportedly have differential response to FOLFIRINOX-based therapy. To promote rapid assignment of basal versus classical subtypes, an array-based single-sample classifier assay was developed and applied to 74 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy or resection specimens of known subtype based on transcriptomics. The Purity Independent Subtyping of Tumors (PurIST) algorithm assigns subtype based on relative expression of 16 RNAs counted by RNA sequencing (RNAseq) versus more practical array-based NanoString nCounter Elements XT technology.

Supporting caregivers of people with dementia: insights from Demensia KITA mobile application online content development.

Dementia significantly impacts caregivers, particularly in low and middle-income countries where support is often inadequate. Given the gap in affordable and culturally relevant digital resources for Malaysian dementia caregivers, we developed "Demensia KITA," a mobile application (app) specifically tailored to their needs. This study utilized a theoretical framework proposed from existing literature and the "Model of Carer Stress and Burden".

Factors affecting mortality in COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: An international ID-IRI study.

Background: This study aimed to identify factors that influence the mortality rate of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 23 centers across 15 countries, spanning the period of March 2020 to December 2021, were retrospectively collected. The study population comprised patients who developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis while being treated for COVID-19 in the intensive care unit.