Correlation Analysis of Direct LDL Measurement and Calculated LDL Methods in Lipid Profile Assessment: A Comprehensive Study.

Introduction: Assessing LDL cholesterol is pivotal for cardiovascular risk evaluation. While direct LDL measurement is accurate, calculated LDL methods offer practicality and cost-effectiveness. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between direct LDL measurement and various calculated LDL methods, shedding light on their clinical utility.

Peripheral intravenous catheter-induced phlebitis in a tertiary hospital of Karachi: a cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the incidence of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC)-induced phlebitis and its predictors among adult patients hospitalized at Dow University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: A sample of 258 adult patients admitted in the selected wards and planned for peripheral intravenous catheter insertion were recruited through consecutive sampling during March to May 2019. Daily follow-ups were performed to observe signs of phlebitis using a validated tool.

Maintenance treatment with azacytidine for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukaemia following MDS in complete remission after induction chemotherapy.

This prospective Phase II study is the first to assess the feasibility and efficacy of maintenance 5-azacytidine for older patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia and MDS-acute myeloid leukaemia syndromes in complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy. Sixty patients were enrolled and treated by standard induction chemotherapy. Patients that reached CR started maintenance therapy with subcutaneous azacytidine, 5/28 d until relapse.

Oncogenic Flt3 receptors display different specificity and kinetics of autophosphorylation.

Objective: Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3), a growth factor receptor normally expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cells, has been shown to have an important role in development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) due to activating mutations. Flt3 mutations are found in approximately one-third of AML patients and correlate with a poor prognosis, thus making the Flt3 receptor a potential therapeutic target. The aim of the investigation was to analyze the kinetics and specificity of Flt3 autophosphorylation in wild-type Flt3 as well as in oncogenic Flt3 mutants.

A role of Gab2 association in Flt3 ITD mediated Stat5 phosphorylation and cell survival.

The haematopoietic growth factor receptor Flt3 has been implicated as major cause of transformation in acute myeloid leukaemia. Intracellular signals mediated by wild-type Flt3 are involved in cell differentiation and survival whereas signalling via the mutant Flt3 ITD (internal tandem duplication) promotes enhanced cell growth. In this study, we identified tyrosines 768, 955 and 969 of Flt3 as phosphorylation sites and mediators of growth factor receptor binding protein 2 (Grb2) interaction, leading to the association of Grb2 associated binder 2 (Gab2) and contributing to proliferation and survival.

Hypomethylation and apoptosis in 5-azacytidine-treated myeloid cells.

Objective: Although clinically approved for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the mode of action of 5-azacytidine has not been well understood at the cellular level. The present study aimed at characterizing the mechanisms for 5-azacytidine-induced apoptosis, as well as the presence of a possible link between apoptosis and DNA hypomethylation.

Materials And Methods: We investigated the effects of 5-azacytidine on a spectrum of specific apoptotic pathways, as well as on global DNA methylation, assessed by luminometric methylation assay, in myeloid (P39, HL60) and T cells (Jurkat).

Negative effect of DNA hypermethylation on the outcome of intensive chemotherapy in older patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia following myelodysplastic syndrome.

Purpose: Promoter hypermethylation of, for example, tumor-suppressor genes, is considered to be an important step in cancerogenesis and a negative risk factor for survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); however, its role for response to therapy has not been determined. This study was designed to assess the effect of methylation status on the outcome of conventional induction chemotherapy.

Experimental Design: Sixty patients with high-risk MDS or acute myeloid leukemia following MDS were treated with standard doses of daunorubicin and 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine.

A pharmacodynamic study of 5-azacytidine in the P39 cell line.

Objective: 5-azacytidine (azacytidine), a DNA hypomethylating agent, was recently approved as the first therapeutic agent for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes. The present subcutaneous dosing schedule, 75 mg/m(2) for 7/28 days, is based on early clinical studies and may constitute a practical problem for patients. The present in vitro study aimed at evaluating the pharmacodynamics of azacytidine, thereby providing a rationale for clinical dose-finding studies.