Novel Piperazine Derivatives as Potent Antihistamine, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Agents, their Synthesis and Characterization.

Introduction: In this study, a series of novel piperazine derivatives were synthesised with high-to-good yields, and their structural analogies were confirmed using FTIR, H-NMR, and LC-MS techniques.

Methods: The synthesised compounds were evaluated for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Among the four synthesised piperazine derivatives, compound PD-2 exhibited relatively good antioxidant activity, with an IC value of 2.

The COL6A5-p.Glu2272* mutation induces chronic itch in mice.

Pruritus is a common irritating sensation that provokes the desire to scratch. Environmental and genetic factors contribute to the onset of pruritus. Moreover, itch can become a major burden when it becomes chronic.

Mechanisms and management of cough in interstitial lung disease.

Introduction: Many patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), especially fibrotic ILDs, experience chronic cough. It negatively impacts both physical and psychological well-being. Effective treatment options are limited.

Region-specific amyloid-β accumulation in the olfactory system influences olfactory sensory neuronal dysfunction in 5xFAD mice.

Background: Hyposmia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a typical early symptom according to numerous previous clinical studies. Although amyloid-β (Aβ), which is one of the toxic factors upregulated early in AD, has been identified in many studies, even in the peripheral areas of the olfactory system, the pathology involving olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) remains poorly understood.

Methods: Here, we focused on peripheral olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and delved deeper into the direct relationship between pathophysiological and behavioral results using odorants.

A Diagnostic Conundrum: Progressive Tubular Lung Mass in Asymptomatic Young Woman.

A 39-year-old female avid marathon runner presented with an abnormal chest radiograph obtained during preoperative evaluation prior to bilateral knee replacement because of osteoarthritis. As shown in Figure 1, chest radiograph revealed a focal nodular opacity in the middle lobe. She did not have any prior imaging for comparison.

Hypothermia-Related Acute Pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease presenting from mild localized inflammation to severe infected necrotic pancreatic tissue. In the literature, there are a few cases of hypothermia-induced AP. However, the association between hypothermia and AP is still a myth.

Catamenial anaphylaxis: a woman under monthly progesterone curse.

Catamenial or cyclical anaphylaxis is a complex clinical syndrome with poorly reported incidence and prevalence in the literature review. The underlying mechanism is still a myth although a few proposed hypotheses are stated. Early recognition of these symptoms will bring optimal treatment and prevent unnecessary intubation and complications.

Distinct amyloid precursor protein processing machineries of the olfactory system.

Processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) occurs through sequential cleavages first by β-secretase and then by the γ-secretase complex. However, abnormal processing of APP leads to excessive production of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the central nervous system (CNS), an event which is regarded as a primary cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, gene mutations of the γ-secretase complex-which contains presenilin 1 or 2 as the catalytic core-could trigger marked Aβ accumulation.

Knowledge attitude and practices of undergraduate students regarding first aid measures.

Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude and practices of first aid measures in undergraduate students of Karachi.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at six colleges of Karachi, three of which were medical colleges and three non-medical colleges. Knowledge was assessed regarding various emergency situations with the help of a questionnaire.