First detection of vanB phenotype-vanA genotype vancomycin-resistant enterococci in Egypt.

Introduction: Enterococci have emerged in last two decades as serious hospital acquired pathogens particularly vancomycin resistant strains (VRE). The study aimed to identify the prevalence of enterococcal isolation from hospital infections and colonization as well as determine vancomycin resistance phenotypes and genotypes.

Methods: Sixty enterococcus isolates were isolated from patients, health care workers and hospital environment, identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility.

Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant in Hospital-Acquired Surgical Wound Infections and Bacteremia: Concomitant Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes.

Background: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of infections among patients with hospital-acquired surgical wound sepsis and bacteremia in surgical wards and identify the antimicrobial susceptibility in these pathogens. Genetic role of erythromycin, vancomycin, and cephalosporin resistance in these pathogens was also examined.

Methods: Two hundred samples were collected from surgical wound infections and 100 blood cultures from patients with suggested bacteremia to identify by phenotypic and genotypic methods.

Phylogenic classification and virulence genes profiles of uropathogenic E. coli and diarrhegenic E. coli strains isolated from community acquired infections.

The emergence of E.coli strains displaying patterns of virulence genes from different pathotypes shows that the current classification of E.coli pathotypes may be not enough, the study aimed to compare the phylogenetic groups and urovirulence genes of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and diarrheagenic E.

Association of IL-1β, IL-1RN, and ESR1 genes polymorphism with risk of infection and response to sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir combination therapy in hepatitis C virus genotype-4 patients.

Sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir combination with or without ribavirin proved to be effective and safe in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of (SOF plus daclatasvir) combination + ribavirin in the treatment of treatment-experienced HCV genotype 4 Egyptian patients and to investigate the impact of IL-1β _31, IL-1β _511, and IL-1RN and T29C of ESR1 genes polymorphisms on treatment outcome. The study also aimed to assess the effect of the treatment on liver fibrosis.

Genotyping of occult hepatitis B virus infection in Egyptian hemodialysis patients without hepatitis C virus infection.

Background: Occult hepatitis B viral infection is the presence of hepatitis B viral nucleic acids in the serum and/or liver in the absence of hepatitis B surface antigen.

Aim: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection among hepatitis C virus-negative hemodialysis patients and to identify their genotypes.

Methods: of 144 patients on maintenance hemodialysis, 50 hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus nucleic acid-negative patients were selected according to strict inclusion criteria to avoid the effect of confounding variables.

Changing patterns of drug-resistant Shigella isolates in egypt.

Background: The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious problem in treating shigellosis. There are limited existing data examining the change in the antimicrobial resistance profile of Shigella in Egypt. We previously reported that 58% of the Shigella isolates in Egypt were resistant to at least one member of the three different antimicrobial groups.

Increased quinolone resistance among typhoid Salmonella isolated from Egyptian patients.

Introduction: Typhoid fever is endemic in Egypt; and quinolones are the empirical treatment of choice. There are very limited data reporting quinolone resistance among Egyptian typhoidal Salmonella isolates. We previously reported that all typhoidal Salmonella were sensitive to quinolones.

The Frequency of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase Gene Polymorphism in Egypt.

The current study aimed to use Coagulase gene polymorphism to identify methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) subtypes isolated from nasal carriers in Minia governorate, Egypt, evaluate the efficiency of these methods in discriminating variable strains, and compare these subtypes with antibiotypes. A total of 400 specimens were collected from nasal carriers in Minia governorate, Egypt, between March 2012 and April 2013. Fifty-eight strains (14.