Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The co-existence of severe aortic stenosis (AS) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is not uncommon. Surgical intervention is the gold standard management. Patients with high surgical risk might undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Early clinical outcomes of two regimens of prophylactic antibiotics in cardiac surgical patients with delayed sternal closure.

Background: Delayed sternal closure (DSC) can be a lifesaving approach for certain patients who have undergone cardiac surgery. The value of the type of prophylactic antibiotics in DSC is still debatable.

Aim: To investigate clinical outcomes of different prophylactic antibiotic regimens in patients who had DSC after cardiac surgery.

Cardiac rehabilitation for participants with implantable cardiac devices: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: The aim is to discuss efficacy and safety of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes in participants with implantable cardiac devices compared with usual care.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched from inspection till July 15, 2022. Randomized controlled trials were included if they enrolled adult participants with implantable cardiac devices and tested exercise-based CR interventions in comparison with any control.

Myocardial Infarction in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Results from the Nationwide Readmission Database.

Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological malignancy with an excellent prognostic outcome. After the advancements in CML treatment and the introduction of different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the life expectancy of CML patients has become equivalent to that of the general population. As a result, coronary artery disease is anticipated to be the leading cause of death among CML patients.

COVID-19-associated hypertriglyceridemia and impact of treatment.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated hypertriglyceridemia was observed among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) in Qatar. This study aimed to describe COVID-19-associated-hypertriglyceridemia in ICU patients and the impact of treating hypertriglyceridemia on clinical outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study of adult patients who were admitted to the ICU with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia according to the World Health Organization criteria.

Cost‑effectiveness of add‑on dapagliflozin for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients without diabetes.

Aim: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin added to standard of care (SoC) versus SoC in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from the Qatari healthcare perspective.

Materials And Methods: A lifetime Markov model was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of adding dapagliflozin to SoC based on the findings of Petrie et al. 2020, which were based on the DAPA-HF trial.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Pathway for Management of Refractory Cardiac Arrest: a Retrospective Study From a National Center of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Background: Cardiac arrest remains a critical condition with high mortality and catastrophic neurological impact. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has been introduced as an adjunct in cardiopulmonary resuscitation modalities. However, survival with good neurological outcomes remains a major concern.

Revisiting nitrates use in pre-shock state of contemporary cardiogenic shock classification.

Patients at each shock stage may behave and present differently with a spectrum of shock severity and adverse outcomes. Shock severity, shock aetiology, and several factors should be integrated in management decision-making. Although the contemporary shock stages classification provided a standardized shock severity assessment, individual agents or management strategy has not yet been studied in the context of each shock stage.

Clinical pharmacists' interventions for preventing adverse events in critically ill neonates in Qatar: an economic impact analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the overall economic impact of clinical pharmacist interventions in the neonatal ICU (NICU) in Qatar.

Methods: A retrospective review of neonates' records was performed over a 3-month duration in the NICU of Qatar to determine the total economic benefit of clinical pharmacist interventions. The total benefit of interventions was calculated by considering the cost avoidance due to preventable adverse drug events (ADEs) and the cost savings associated with the revised resource use due to interventions.

Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair with MitraClip: A Nationwide Experience.

Background: Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr), using MitraClip, is a safe and effective procedure for severe mitral valve regurgitation (MR). However, the therapeutic results of MitraClip in Qatar remain to be elucidated. A total of 25 patients (mean age 60 ± 14.

Beta-blocker therapy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (B-HFpEF): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: While beta-blockers are considered the cornerstone of treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, the same may not apply to patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). To date, the benefit of beta-blockers remains uncertain, and there is no current consensus on their effectiveness. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of beta-blockers on mortality and rehospitalization among patients with HFpEF.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: an overview.

The prevalence of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has increased over the last decades in young adults presenting with acute coronary syndrome. Although the diagnostic tools, including intracoronary imaging, have permitted a more accurate diagnosis of SCAD, the prognosis and overall outcomes remain dismal. Furthermore, the disproportionate sex distribution affecting more women and the underdiagnosis in many parts of the world render this pathology a persistent clinical challenge, particularly since the management remains largely supportive with a limited and controversial role for percutaneous or surgical interventions.

Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVr) using MitraClip was more effective than surgery or medical therapy for long-term morbidity and mortality. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Library) databases to identify relevant studies that recruited adult patients with functional or secondary mitral valve regurgitation who underwent PMVr with MitraClip implantation using appropriate search terms and Boolean operators. The odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using the random-effects model.

Revisiting Beta-Blocker Therapy in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogenous disorder and tends to be predominant in elderly, female, and obese patients. HFpEF has been classified using various cut-offs of left ventricular ejection fraction in the published studies with a current cut-off of ≥50%. The evidence of beta-blocker therapy in HFpEF patients showed conflicting findings with variably reported efficacy.

A practical guide to managing cardiopulmonary toxicities of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) but their use was associated with a range of serious cardiopulmonary toxicities including vascular adverse events, QT prolongation, heart failure, pleural effusion, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Dedicated clinical management guidelines for TKI-induced toxicities are not available. This review aims to discuss TKI-associated cardiopulmonary toxicities and proposes a practical guide for their management.

Trends in Off-Label Indications of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite optimal antiplatelet therapy recommendation after ischemic events, recurrent thrombotic complications rate remains high. The recurrent events maybe in part due to increased thrombin levels during ACS which may underscore the need for an additional anticoagulation therapy.

Artificial intelligence in sickle disease.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming an established arm in medical sciences and clinical practice in numerous medical fields. Its implications have been rising and are being widely used in research, diagnostics, and treatment options for many pathologies, including sickle cell disease (SCD). AI has started new ways to improve risk stratification and diagnosing SCD complications early, allowing rapid intervention and reallocation of resources to high-risk patients.

Implications of the medication regimen complexity index score on hospital readmissions in elderly patients with heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The likelihood of elderly patients with heart failure (HF) being readmitted to the hospital is higher if they have a higher medication regimen complexity index (MRCI) compared to those with a lower MRCI. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between the MRCI score and the frequency of hospital readmissions (30-day, 90-day, and 1-year) among elderly patients with HF.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, MRCI scores were calculated using a well-established tool.

Percutaneous Mitral-Valve Intervention for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: Data From Real-Life.

Many questions were raised due to the divergent results between cardiovascular outcomes assessment of the MitraClip percutaneous therapy for heart failure patients with functional mitral regurgitation (COAPT) and multicenter study of percutaneous mitral valve Repair MitraClip device in patients with severe secondary mitral regurgitation (MITRA-FR) trials on the use of percutaneous mitral valve repair for secondary mitral regurgitation. This paper examined pooled patients' characteristics and outcomes from real-life experience compared with those in the 2 landmark trials. A comprehensive search identified eligible studies published in 2020 and 2021.

Impact of Clinical Pharmacist Interventions on Economic Outcomes in a Cardiology Setting in Qatar.

We sought to investigate the economic impact of preventing adverse events in a cardiology setting in Qatar as an effect of the clinical pharmacist as an intervention. This is a retrospective study of interventions by clinical pharmacists within an adult cardiology setting in a public healthcare setting (i.e Hamad Medical Corporation).

Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair in Acute and Critical Cardiac Conditions.

Acute mitral valve regurgitation (MR) is an emergency condition that requires an early diagnosis of the etiology and rapid management. Surgical intervention is the first-line treatment for acute severe MR. However, many patients are denied surgical intervention due to the acute risk of surgery.

Applications of Machine Learning in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by dysregulated growth and the proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow caused by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. Clinically, CML demonstrates an increased production of mature and maturing granulocytes, mainly neutrophils. When a patient is suspected to have CML, peripheral blood smears and bone marrow biopsies may be manually examined by a hematologist.

Optimum heparin dose in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) was introduced many years ago aiming to reduce the known complications of conventional on-pump coronary surgeries. Heparin is required during the procedures, but the available protocols have diverse dosage regimens. The primary objective of this systematic review is to examine the effect of different heparin doses on the outcomes of OPCABG.