[Angiomyolipoma of the kidney].

Upper abdominal ultrasound imaging in a 63-year-old woman who had been hypertensive for ten years revealed a tumour at the lower pole of the left kidney. It protruded from the renal surface and gave dense echoes, suggestive more of an angiomyolipoma than a hypernephroma. The former diagnosis was reenforced by the angiographic appearance and confirmed by biopsy at the time of surgery.

[Changes in the liver and brain after portacaval and modified portacaval end-to-side anastomosis: histology, autoradiography and clinical studies].

Histological studies were done in order to investigate the early and late alterations of the liver and brain in rats after establishment of portacaval anastomosis and modified portacaval anastomosis. The latter procedure allows pancreatic blood to flow into the liver beside portacaval anastomosis. Shunting of portal blood into the systemic circulation through a portacaval anastomosis resulted in hemo-dynamically induced central lobular necrosis of the liver.

Lactulose--a drug with antiendotoxin effect.

Lactulose (beta-galactosido-fructose) was found to have anti-endotoxin properties: 670 mg lactulose abolished the gelating activity of mg E. coli endotoxin on Limulus lysate in vitro. When lactulose was fed to rats (6.

[Problems of hepatoportal encephalopathy after portacaval anastomosis in the rat (author's transl)].

Necrosis and injury of ganglia cells as well as alterations of the glia represent the morphological changes in portal-systemic encephalopathy. This is a frequent complication of a spontaneous or surgical porta-caval collateral circulation. Such changes can also be observed when porta-caval end-to-side anastomosis (PCA) was constructed in otherwise healthy rats.

Synergistic action of hepatocyte membrane defect and activated complement system in liver cell death--an experimental approach to fulminant hepatic failure.

The hypothesis was tested whether under the presence of a membrane defect of hepatocytes an activation of the complement system leads to massive liver cell necrosis. Low doses of galactosamine (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were administered to rats with and without an additional i.v.

[Effects of porto-caval end-to-side-anastomosis on the liver of rats (author's transl)].

In young rats (n = 117), with a liver weight of 9.9 +/- 1.6 g ("small livers"), the decrease of total liver blood flow was followed by necrosis of liver parenchymal cells in the first two postoperative weeks.

[Morphological investigations of extrahepatic disorders after porta-caval end-to-side-anastomosis in rats (author's transl)].

Disorders of the central nervous system were found in 150 rats five monthds after en-to-side-porta-caval anastomosis consisting of vacuolisated cytoplasma of gangliacells and reactions of the glia comparable with the Alzheimer-glia-type II. Since these disorders are consistent with those in patients with liver cirrhosis but induced in these experiments by a porta-caval anastomosis alone, they are proposedly independent from liver disease itself. It is discussed whether disorders in glucose homeostai may be of pathogenetic relevance.

Significance of endotoxaemia in experimental "galactosamine-hepatitis" in the rat.

The course of galactosamine hepatitis induced by 1.0 g/kg i.p.