Magnetic resonance imaging-guided laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty for imperforate anus.

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been well described as a modality for evaluation of a failed anorectal pull-through procedure for imperforate anus. To the authors' knowledge, intraoperative MRI has not been previously used to guide a laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty (LAARP). We propose that such a procedure would assure anatomically correct placement of the pulled-through rectum.

Cholecystectomy for suspected biliary dyskinesia in children with chronic abdominal pain.

Background/purpose: The authors reviewed their experience with a group of children with chronic abdominal pain, delayed gallbladder emptying, and no cholelithiasis. Clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and effect of cholecystectomy on symptoms were investigated.

Methods: Twenty-nine children were suspected of having biliary dyskinesia.

Pancreatic ductal abnormalities in children.

From 1979 to 1990, 33 children required operative treatment for pancreatitis. Causes included ductal abnormalities (12 children), trauma (10 children), idiopathic (four children), gallstones (three children), drug-induced (three children), and tumor (one child). This study reviews the characteristics and outcome of the 12 children with ductal abnormalities.

Toxicity of polymerized hemoglobin solutions.

Four solutions of bovine polymerized hemoglobin (BPHS) and rabbit plasma were used to replace one-third of the blood volume in five groups of rabbits. The first three solutions were "impure" because of the presence of stromal phosphatidyl-ethanolamine and phosphatidyl-serine in BPHS-1, environmental endotoxins in BPHS-2, and a large amount of higher molecular weight hemoglobin-glutaraldehyde polymers in BPHS-3. These solutions caused a 33 per cent mortality rate and significant morbidity which was characterized by hemodynamic instability, respiratory and renal insufficiency, elevation of hepatic enzyme levels, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and activation of the alternate pathway of complement.