A comparison between different chemical fractionation methods for immunoglobulin preparation.

Background: Application of antibodies in therapeutics and diagnostics are growing Continually. Herein, we aimed to find the most qualified immunoglobulin (Ig) chemical preparation method.

Methods: A rabbit was immunized against recombinant SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (NP) and reactive polyclonal antibodies were prepared using the ammonium sulfate (AS), caprylic acid (CA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and caprylic acid/ammonium sulfate (CA/AS) methods.

Separation and purification of hyaluronic acid by FeO nano and micro particles coated with chitosan and silica.

Hyaluronic acid (HA), a glycosaminoglycan, is comprised of alternating units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. This compound harbors numerous biomedical applications, including its use in pharmaceuticals, wound healing, osteoarthritis treatment, and drug delivery. Its unique composition and exceptional features, such as its high water-absorbing and retaining capacity, have also led to its use in the cosmetics industry.

The Ability of Antibody against Truncated Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Peptide to Evaluate the Native Protein on Tear Drops of Dry Eye Disease Patients by a Point-of-Care Diagnostic System.

Purpose: To obtain a reactive and specific antibody against truncated matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), that has reactivity toward the native protein. Precision, accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity were evaluated using a point-of-care test.

Methods: An study was used to confirm the anti peptide truncated MMP-9 is against native MMP-9.

A Recombinant RBD-Based Phage Vaccine Report: A Solution to the Prevention of New Diseases?

The safety, inherent immunogenicity, stability, and low-cost production of bacteriophages make them an ideal platform for vaccine development. Most vaccination strategies against COVID-19 have targeted the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to generate neutralizing antibodies. P1, a truncated RBD-derived spike protein, has been shown to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies in preclinical studies.

Recombinant highly antigenic truncated fusion-based protein as a diagnostic antigen for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody ELISA.

Among the main structural protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (NP) exhibits high immunogenicity and is the most abundant viral protein produced and shed during infection. Detection of antibodies against NP may help assess the number of individuals exposed to SARS-COV-2 or vaccinated against it. Based on these findings and other structural and antigenic evaluations, we designed a recombinant truncated fusion NP-based protein for application in an immunoassay for detecting immunoglobulins in patients who have recovered from COVID-19.

Tandem Mass Analysis of Amino Acids and Acylcarnitine Profiles in Neonates with Congenital Hypothyroidism.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common neonatal endocrine disorder. This study aimed to investigate whether disturbances in amino acid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation existed in neonates with CH compared to healthy neonates.

Methods: In this case-control study, we evaluated the metabolomics of neonates with newly diagnosed CH and healthy neonates.

Preparation and preclinical characterization of In-DTPA-Anti-MUC1 as a radioimmunoconjugate for diagnosis of breast cancer by single-photon emission computed tomography.

Context: Targeting MUC1 antigens which are overexpressed in 80% of breast cancers can be widely used in the field of radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) of breast cancer.

Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a new diagnostic labeled compound for breast cancer RIS.

Settings And Design: In this study, an efficient indirect labeling method of PR81 with Indium-111 was developed and preliminary preclinical qualifications were reported.

Recombinant subunits of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as vaccine candidates to elicit neutralizing antibodies.

Objectives: The spike protein has been reported as one of the most critical targets for vaccine design strategies against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hence, we have designed, produced, and evaluated the potential use of three truncated recombinant proteins derived from spike protein as vaccine candidates capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods: In silico tools were used to design spike-based subunit recombinant proteins (RBD (P ), fusion peptide (P ), and S1/S2 cleavage site (P )).

Different combinations of monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies in the design of neonatal hypothyroidism diagnostic kit.

Neonatal hypothyroidism is a deficiency of thyroid hormones at birth that can cause lifelong mental and physical disorders in humans. Lack of timely detection could lead to irreversible damage by neonatal hypothyroidism. However, it could be managed quickly and efficiently via timely diagnosis.

Downregulation of fatty acid oxidation by involvement of HIF-1α and PPARγ in human gastric adenocarcinoma and related clinical significance.

Lipid metabolism rewiring in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) pathogenesis is still not clearly elucidated. This study aimed to describe the role of lipid catabolism in GA patient outcomes and possible therapeutic targets by analyzing the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on fatty acid oxidation (FAO). AGS cell line was cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and FAO-related genes were analyzed by real-time-PCR and Western-blot.

Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 for the treatment of dry eye syndrome; a review study.

Dry eye syndrome (DES) and tear dysfunction are multifactorial conditions affecting meibomian glands, lacrimal glands, and ocular surface. This ocular disorder can cause eye irritation, irregular cornea, corneal barrier disruption, and blurred vision. Uncontrolled increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) level and activity has been detected in the tears and ocular surface in the patients with DES, which has been proved to be related to disruption of tight junctions in apical corneal epithelium associated with severe signs of DES.

Novel anti-PD-L1 peptide selected from combinatorial phage library inhibits tumor cell growth and restores T-cell activity.

PD-L1 overexpression on tumour cells forms a protective shield against cytotoxic T-cell killing, which consequently leads to immune evasion. Engagement of PD-1 in tumour infiltrating T cells with PD-L1 results in an exhausted T-cell phenotype, thus preventing an effective immune response against tumour cells. In the present study, we employed phage display combinatorial peptide library to discover anti-PD-L1 peptides.

Preparation, quality control, and biodistribution assessment of [ In]In-DOTA-PR81 in BALB/c mice bearing breast tumors.

In this study, [ In]In-DOTA-PR81 was developed, and its preliminary preclinical qualifications were assessed for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of breast cancer. DOTA-NHS-ester was practiced and successively purified by molecular filtration. The chelate:mAb ratio was determined by spectrophotometry.

Efficient detection of eukaryotic calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) by polyclonal antibody against prokaryotic expressed truncated CaSR.

Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), which is better known for its action as regulating calcium homeostasis, can bind various ligands. To facilitate research on CaSR and understand the receptor's function further, an in silico designed truncated protein was developed. The resulting protein folding indicated that 99% of predicted three dimensional (3D) structure residues are located in favored and allowed Ramachandran plots.

A lab-on-a-chip model of glaucoma.

Aims: We developed a glaucoma-on-a-chip model to evaluate the viability of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) against high pressure and the potential effect of neuroprotection.

Methods: A three-layered chip consisting of interconnecting microchannels and culture wells was designed and fabricated from poly-methyl methacrylate sheets. The bottom surface of the wells was modified by air plasma and coated with different membranes to provide a suitable extracellular microenvironment.

Design of an engineered ACE2 as a novel therapeutics against COVID-19.

The interaction between the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) plays a pivotal role in virus entry into the host cells. Since recombinant ACE2 protein has been suggested as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic agent, this study was conducted to design an ACE2 protein with more desirable properties. In this regard, the amino acids with central roles in enzymatic activity of the ACE2 were substituted.

In Vivo Effect of RSH-12, a Novel Selective MMP-9 Inhibitor Peptide, in the Treatment of Experimentally Induced Dry Eye Model.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of RSH-12, a novel selective matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) inhibitor peptide in rabbit models of dry eye syndrome (DES).

Methods: In vitro toxicity of RSH-12 on cultured human corneal fibroblasts was investigated with MTT. Ocular toxicity of RSH-12 was investigated by clinical examinations, histology, and TUNEL assay.

COVID-19 Pandemic: A Big Challenge in Iran and the World.

No abstract!

Isolation and characterization of a novel nanobody for detection of GRP78 expressing cancer cells.

Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone that has been shown that is overexpressed in cancer cells. Overexpression of GRP78 on cancer cells makes this molecule a suitable candidate for cancer detection and targeted therapy. VHH is the binding fragment of camelid heavy-chain antibodies also known as "nanobody.

The effect of capsulated and noncapsulated egg-yolk-specific antibody to reduce colonization in the intestine of Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar Infantis-challenged broiler chickens.

The antibacterial properties of egg yolk antibodies have been known for many years. Enhanced antibiotic resistance has resulted in increased need for using these antibodies as an alternative. In the present study, generation, capsulation, and inhibition growth properties of IgY directed against Salmonella enterica subsp.