Trachemys dorbigni as a metal(loid) bioindicator: a study in rural and urban areas.

Metals and metalloids are persistent environmental pollutants with the potential for bioaccumulation, posing significant health risks, including genotoxicity. These contaminants are prevalent in industrial and agricultural runoff. This study utilizes Trachemys dorbigni, an aquatic reptile, as a bioindicator to assess environmental contamination by metals and metalloids in both rural and urban settings in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

First record of Contracaecum australe (Nematoda: Anisakidae) infecting Neotropic cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus) (Aves: Phalacrocoracidae) in southern Brazil with a phylogenetic analysis.

Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Gmelin, 1789) (Aves: Phalacrocoracidae) is one of the few piscivorous birds inhabiting freshwater and saline environments, being considered one of the most abundant aquatic species in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, especially along the state's coastline. It is known that birds are hosts to a wide variety of disease-causing agents, among them, nematodes of the Contracaecum (Anisakidae) have a large number of recognized species. However, little is still known about the occurrence of these parasites in the Southern region of Brazil.

Hematological and genotoxic biomarkers in a natural population of freshwater turtles Trachemys dorbigni (Duméril & Bibron, 1835) (Testudines: Emydidae) living in an urban area in Southern Brazil.

The present study aimed to report the morphometric and hematological indices and genotoxicity of a free-life population of D'Orbigny's slider turtles (Trachemys dorbigni) living in an urban area in Southern Brazil. For that, 16 specimens were randomly captured in an urban canal that receives irregular releases of wastewater. Biometrics and external visual changes were analyzed, such as turtle shell deformities, and the presence of parasites.

First reported case of Trichomonas gallinae infection in red-breasted toucan (Ramphastos dicolorus).

This study reports the infection and diagnosis of the protozoan morphologic complex Trichomonas gallinae in a baby red-breasted toucan (Ramphastos dicolorus). Nodular lesions on the soft palate and edema in the oral cavity were observed macroscopically. Microscopically, a granuloma with multiple layers of necrosis interspersed with inflammatory polymorphonuclear infiltrates was observed.

Melanophoroma in a Lichtenstein's green racer snake.

Melanophoroma is a neoplasm of reptilian pigment cells, considered uncommon and part of a group of neoplasms called chromatophoromas. The objective of this work was to describe a case of melanophoroma in a free-living Lichtenstein's green racer snake (Philodryas olfersii), presenting with an ulcerative nodular neoformation in the integument of the head region. In the neurologic evaluation, a proprioceptive deficit was observed.

Komagataella pastoris KM71H modulates neuroimmune and oxidative stress parameters in animal models of depression: A proposal for a new probiotic with antidepressant-like effect.

Many studies have suggested that imbalance of the gut microbial composition leads to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes oxidative stress, and this are directly associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Clinical data indicated that the probiotics have positive impacts on the central nervous system and thus may have a key role to treatment of MDD. This study examined the benefits of administration of Komagataella pastoris KM71H (8 log UFC·g/animal, intragastric route) in attenuating behavioral, neurochemical, and neuroendocrine changes in animal models of depressive-like behavior induced by repeated restraint stress and lipopolysaccharide (0.

Gene Therapy of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I Mice: Repeated Administrations and Safety Assessment of pIDUA/Nanoemulsion Complexes.

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is an inherited disorder caused by α-L-iduronidase (IDUA) deficiency. The available treatments are not effective in improving all signs and symptoms of the disease.

Objective: In the present study, we evaluated the transfection efficiency of repeated intravenous administrations of cationic nanoemulsions associated with the plasmid pIDUA (containing IDUA gene).

3-[(4-chlorophenyl)selanyl]-1-methyl-1H-indole ameliorates long-lasting depression- and anxiogenic-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in post-septic mice: Involvement of neuroimmune and oxidative hallmarks.

Only in the last decade the long-term consequences of sepsis started to be studied and even less attention has been given to the treatment of psychological symptoms of sepsis survivors. It is estimated that 60% of sepsis survivors have psychological disturbances, including depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. Although the causative factors remain largely poorly understood, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disturbances, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress have been investigated.

Antinociceptive and antioxidant effects of extract enriched with active indole alkaloids from leaves of Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ethnopharmacological knowledge is important for the identification of active compounds from natural products. Pain may have different aetiologies with complex mechanisms. Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.

Presentation of hemolytic and hemorrhagic rangeliosis in Cerdocyon thous.

Rangeliosis, caused by protozoan Rangelia vitalii, is transmitted by the tick Amblyomma aureolatum. The disease is characterized by hemolytic and hemorrhagic disorder and has been described in dogs and other wild canids. The aim of this study was to compare clinicopathological findings and laboratory results of a Rangelia infection in a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) with those of canine rangeliosis.

Surface immunoglobulins of erythrocytes and platelets in dogs naturally infected by Rangelia vitalii.

Rangelia vitalii is a protozoan of the Babesiidae family that parasitizes domestic and wild dogs in South American countries. The main laboratory findings in blood samples from animals infected by R. vitalii are anemia and thrombocytopenia.

Evaluation of the vector competence of six ixodid tick species for Rangelia vitalii (Apicomplexa, Piroplasmorida), the agent of canine rangeliosis.

Rangelia vitalii is the etiologic agent of canine rangeliosis, a severe piroplasmosis that affects domestic dogs in Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. While R. vitalii is one of the most pathogenic tick-borne pathogens for dogs in the world, its tick vector has remained unknown.

Anti-erythrocyte IgG in hamsters with acute experimental infection by Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of erythrocyte and platelet, as immunological markers, as well as evaluate the involvement of these factors in hemolytic and hemorrhagic reactions in hamsters experimentally infected by Leptospira interrogans Serovar Canicola. Our experimental design was composed by two randomized groups: Infected Group (IG) (n = 12) and control group (CG) (n = 6). Ninety-six hours after the inoculation, the presence of immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) and complement C3 levels, related to erythrocytes and platelets, was assessed.

Biochemical and oxidative stress markers in the liver and kidneys of rats submitted to different protocols of anabolic steroids.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different protocols (P1, P2, and P3) of boldenone undecylenate (BU) and stanozolol (ST) on markers of liver and kidney function and variables of oxidative stress in these organs. For this, 54 male Wistar rats were divided into nine groups of six animals each. Each animal received intramuscularly 5.

Cholinesterases as markers of the inflammatory process associated oxidative stress in cattle infected by Babesia bigemina.

The objective of this study was to assess the influence of an asymptomatic experimental infection by Babesia bigemina on cholinesterase's as markers of the inflammatory process and biomarkers of oxidative imbalance. For this purpose, eight naive animals were used, as follows: four as controls or uninfected; and four infected with an attenuated strain of B. bigemina.

Cattle experimentally infected by Anaplasma marginale: Influence of splenectomy on disease pathogenesis, oxidative profile, and antioxidant status.

Bovine anaplasmosis is caused by the obligate intraerythrocytic bacteria Anaplasma marginale. These bacteria are transmitted by tick species such as Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, blood-sucking insects, and fomites (needles, clippers, and other blood contaminated equipment). During the acute phase of infection, animals may develop fever, anemia, jaundice, and hepatosplenomegaly.

Influence of experimental Anaplasma marginale infection and splenectomy on NTPDase and 5'nucleotidase activities in platelets of cattle.

The objective of this paper was to evaluate NTPDase and 5'-nucleotidase activities in platelets of bovine with and without spleen and infected by Anaplasma marginale. Our results demonstrate that infection along with splenectomy is able of inducing a profile of cellular protection, which showed an increase in the degradation of the nucleotides ATP and ADP by NTPDase, in addition to AMP by 5'nucleotidase to form the nucleoside adenosine in platelets, i.e.

Blood gas analyses and other components involved in the acid-base metabolism of rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Trypanosoma evansi infections on arterial blood gases of experimentally infected rats. Two groups with eight animals each were used; group A (uninfected) and group B (infected). Infected animals were daily monitored through blood smears that showed high parasitemia with 30 trypanosomes per field (1000×) on average, 5 days post-infection (PI).

In Vitro and In Vivo Antimicrobial Activities of Minocycline in Combination with Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, or Tigecycline against Pythium insidiosum.

The present study investigated the in vitro and the in vivo interactions among azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline, and tigecycline against Pythium insidiosum. In vitro antimicrobial activities were determined by the broth microdilution method in accordance with CLSI document M38-A2, and the antibiotic interactions were assayed using the checkerboard MIC format. In vivo efficacy was determined using a rabbit infection model.

Cholinesterase of rats experimentally infected by Cryptococcus neoformans: Relationship between inflammatory response and pathological findings.

The aim of this study was to assess the role of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) as biomarkers of inflammation and tissue injury on rats experimentally infected by Cryptococcus neoformans. For this purpose, 20 male rats were divided into two groups: 10 animals representing the uninfected control group (Group A) and 10 C. neoformans var.

Oxidative stress in dogs with multicentric lymphoma: Effect of chemotherapy on oxidative and antioxidant biomarkers.

Introduction: Lymphoma is one of the most common types of cancer in dogs, characterized by the proliferation of lymphoid cells. The treatment of this type of cancer is usually based on drugs with high toxicity, which can cause severe side effects.

Objectives: Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure the levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in dogs with multicentric lymphoma before and after chemotherapy.

Effect of the treatment with Achyrocline satureioides (free and nanocapsules essential oil) and diminazene aceturate on hematological and biochemical parameters in rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi.

This study aimed to verify the effect of the treatment with A. satureioides essential oil (free and nanoencapsulated forms) and diminazene aceturate on hematological and biochemical variables in rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi. The 56 rats were divided into seven groups with eight rats each.

Effects of iron supplementation on blood adenine deaminase activity and oxidative stress in Trypanosoma evansi infection of rats.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of iron supplementation on oxidative stress and on the activity of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) in rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi. For this purpose, 20 rats were divided into four experimental groups with five animals each as follows: groups A and B were composed by healthy animals, while animals from groups C and D were infected by T. evansi.

E-NTPDase and E-ADA activities in rats experimental infected by Cryptococcus neoformans.

Cryptococcus neoformans, the etiological agent of cryptococcosis, is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of immunocompromised individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activities of E-NTPDase and E-ADA in rats experimentally infected by C. neoformans var.

Diminazene aceturate liposomes: morphometric and biochemical liver, kidney, and spleen of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with liposomal (L-DMZ) and conventional (C-DMZ) diminazene aceturate formulations on hepatic and renal functions of rats, experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. For this purpose, 72 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into six groups (A, B, C, D, E, and F). Each group was subdivided into two other subgroups in order to assess the biochemical and histological results on days 7 and 40 post-treatment (PT).