Exploring the genomic and antimicrobial resistance tapestry: comparative insights into serotypes Agona, Braenderup, Muenchen, and Panama in Latin American surface waters.

Surface waters function as ecological niches where can persist and disseminate to fresh produce production systems. We examined the genomic characteristics of serotypes Agona ( = 86), Braenderup ( = 47), Muenchen ( = 53), and Panama ( = 69) isolates from surface waters in Chile, Mexico, and Brazil between 2019 and 2022. Mexican isolates consistently displayed a higher occurrence of genotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) than Chilean and Brazilian isolates.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae ST-1901 in Rio de Janeiro from 2006 to 2022: Phylogeny and antimicrobial resistance evolution of a well-succeeded pathogen.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a global threat to public health due to the accumulation of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. ST-1901 is an internationally important sequence type (ST) because of its high incidence and the usual occurrence of chromosomally determined resistance. In this study, we describe the evolution of the ST-1901 and its single locus variants in Rio de Janeiro from 2006 to 2022.

Integrative genome-centric metagenomics for surface water surveillance: Elucidating microbiomes, antimicrobial resistance, and their associations.

Surface water ecosystems are intimately intertwined with anthropogenic activities and have significant public health implications as primary sources of irrigation water in agricultural production. Our extensive metagenomic analysis examined 404 surface water samples from four different geological regions in Chile and Brazil, spanning irrigation canals (n = 135), rivers (n = 121), creeks (n = 74), reservoirs (n = 66), and ponds (n = 8). Overall, 50.

A multicenter genomic epidemiological investigation in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico reveals the diversity and persistence of populations in surface waters.

This study examined the diversity and persistence of in the surface waters of agricultural regions of Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. Research groups (three in 2019-2020 and five in 2021-2022) conducted a long-term survey of surface water across 5-8 months annually ( = 30 monthly). On-site, each team filtered 10-L water samples with modified Moore Swabs to capture which were then isolated and identified using conventional microbiological techniques.

Unveiling the genomic landscape of serotypes Typhimurium, Newport, and Infantis in Latin American surface waters: a comparative analysis.

Surface waters are considered ecological habitats where can persist and disseminate to fresh produce production systems. This study aimed to explore the genomic profiles of serotypes Typhimurium, Newport, and Infantis from surface waters in Chile, Mexico, and Brazil collected between 2019 and 2022. We analyzed the whole genomes of 106 .

qnrVC occurs in different genetic contexts in Klebsiella and Enterobacter strains isolated from Brazilian coastal waters.

Objectives: In contrast to other qnr families, qnrVC has been reported mainly in Vibrio spp. and inserted in class 1 integrons. This study aimed to identify the variants of qnrVC genes detected in Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2-producing Enterobacter and Klebsiella strains isolated from Brazilian coastal waters and the genetic contexts associated with their occurrence.

Complex and Its Intrinsic, Adaptive, and Acquired Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms in Pristine and Human-Impacted Sites.

spp. are ubiquitous microorganisms that exhibit intrinsic and acquired resistance to many antimicrobial agents. is the most studied species of this genus due to its clinical importance.

WHO Critical Priority Escherichia coli as One Health Challenge for a Post-Pandemic Scenario: Genomic Surveillance and Analysis of Current Trends in Brazil.

The dissemination of carbapenem-resistant and third generation cephalosporin-resistant pathogens is a critical issue that is no longer restricted to hospital settings. The rapid spread of critical priority pathogens in Brazil is notably worrying, considering its continental dimension, the diversity of international trade, livestock production, and human travel. We conducted a nationwide genomic investigation under a One Health perspective that included Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and nonhuman sources, over 45 years (1974-2019).

Characterization of Enterococcus faecium E86 bacteriocins and their inhibition properties against Listeria monocytogenes and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.

In the present scenario of a major demand for new compounds with antimicrobial activity, bacteriocin and bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) are promising tools against deteriorating and pathogenic microorganisms, thus having potential applications in both the food industry and infectious disease control. In the present report, we describe the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of BLIS produced by Enterococcus faecium E86, a strain previously isolated and sequenced by our group, focusing on the structural genes of two bacteriocins identified: enterocin TW21 and enterocin P. Transcription of all four genes associated with the biosynthesis and immunity of enterocin P and enterocin TW21 were confirmed by RT-PCR.

Prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant and broad-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant community-acquired urinary tract infections in Rio de Janeiro: Impact of Escherichia coli genotypes ST69 and ST131.

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the leading cause of community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI). The increasing prevalence of CA-UTI caused by UPEC strains resistant to broad-spectrum drugs complicates clinical management of these infections. Here we assessed the prevalence of antimicrobial drug resistance, genotypes and beta-lactamase genes among UPEC isolated from cases of CA-UTI in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil during November 2015 to determine if the prevalence of drug-resistant CA-UTI is determined by multiple genotypes of resistant UPEC or dissemination of key lineages of UPEC.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Farm Animals in Brazil: An Update Overview.

In animal husbandry, antimicrobial agents have been administered as supplements to increase production over the last 60 years. Large-scale animal production has increased the importance of antibiotic management because it may favor the evolution of antimicrobial resistance and select resistant strains. Brazil is a significant producer and exporter of animal-derived food.

CTX-M- and pAmpC-Encoding Genes Are Associated with Similar Mobile Genetic Elements in Isolated from Different Brands of Brazilian Chicken Meat.

In this study we characterized the genetic environment of and genes carried by 46 isolates obtained from 20 chicken carcasses produced by five different brands in Brazil, including exporters and antibiotic-free-certified producers, purchased between 2010 and 2014. Similar plasmids characterized according to size and incompatibility group (Inc) were identified in belonging to different MLST-ST collected, regardless of carcass brand or production system. Hybridization assays with transconjugant strains revealed that gene ( = 19) was located on 85 kb plasmids of IncB/O, IncI1, IncFIB, or nontypeable groups.

Colistin resistance emerges in pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae epidemic clones in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important human pathogen, able to accumulate and disseminate a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes. Resistance to colistin, one of the last therapeutic options for multi-drug-resistant bacteria, has been reported increasingly. Colistin-resistant K.

Evidence for Clonally Associated Increasing Rates of Azithromycin Resistant in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Azithromycin is one of the drugs used in the combined therapy for syndromic treatment of gonorrhoea in many countries, including Brazil. Our research group, which receives isolates from clinical laboratories since 2006, has detected, after 2016, a tendency of rising rates of azithromycin resistance, with isolates showing higher minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) than those previously reported in this country. In this study, we report the susceptibility to azithromycin of 93 isolates obtained between 2014 and 2017.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Tetracycline-Resistant Plesiomonas shigelloides Strain Isolated from Aquaculture-Reared Tilapia.

We hereby present the 3.7-Mb draft genome sequence of Plesiomonas shigelloides strain FM82, isolated from a tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in a fish farm in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. P.

qnrD-harboring plasmids in Providencia spp. recovered from food and environmental Brazilian sources.

QnrD is a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinant first reported in clinical Salmonella enterica isolates from China, located on nonconjugative plasmids of 4270 bp. Since then, the qnrD gene has been mostly found on plasmids around 2683 bp in Proteus and Morganella genera. However, Providencia spp.

Phylogeny and antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Resistance in is a global public health challenge. However, little is known about . isolates from Brazil.

Concentration and Variety of Carbapenemase Producers in Recreational Coastal Waters Showing Distinct Levels of Pollution.

Carbapenemase-producing bacteria cause difficult-to-treat infections related to increased mortality in health care settings. Their occurrence has been reported in raw sewage, sewage-impacted rivers, and polluted coastal waters, which may indicate their spread to the community. We assessed the variety and concentration of carbapenemase producers in coastal waters with distinct pollution levels for 1 year.

Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: history, molecular mechanisms and epidemiological aspects of an emerging global threat.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the agent of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection with an estimate from The World Health Organization of 78 million new cases in people aged 15-49 worldwide during 2012. If left untreated, complications may include pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. Antimicrobial treatment is usually effective; however, resistance has emerged successively through various molecular mechanisms for all the regularly used therapeutic agents throughout decades.

Escherichia coli sequence type 73 as a cause of community acquired urinary tract infection in men and women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Escherichia coli clones ST131, ST69, ST95, and ST73 are frequent causes of urinary tract infections (UTI) and bloodstream infections. Specific clones and virulence profiles of E. coli causing UTI in men has been rarely described.

Modified Carba NP test for the detection of carbapenemase production in gram-negative rods: optimized handling of multiple samples.

The modified Carba NP test presented here may be a valuable tool for laboratories interested in investigating a large number of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in a less-costly way. The test was evaluated against 48 carbapenemase-producing and carbapenemase-non-producing gram-negative bacteria. No false-positive results were obtained, but false-negative results were observed with OXA-23- and GES-carbapenemase-producing isolates.

Updated Multiplex PCR for Detection of All Six Plasmid-Mediated qnr Gene Families.

Plasmid-mediated qnr genes have been reported in bacteria worldwide and are widely associated with other relevant determinants of resistance in multiresistance plasmids. Here, we provide an update on a previously described multiplex PCR in order to detect all six qnr families (including qnrA, qnrS, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, and qnrVC) described until now. The proposed method makes possible the screening of these genes, reducing cost and time, and it may demonstrate an underestimated prevalence of the latest variants described.