Publications by authors named "Raquel Murillo"
Background: Atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS) is the most controversial category of the Bethesda System. The present study was conducted to compare the histological findings in a series of thyroid nodules diagnosed with AUS/FLUS after single or repeat fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of our institution's series of 514 patients with an initial diagnosis of AUS/FLUS between 11/2011 and 02/2020.
The association of a uterine sarcoma botryoides of the adolescence with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor is reported in a 12-year-old patient who presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding that occurred after passing per vaginam a polypoid mass. The sarcoma botryoides of the adolescence exhibited foci of cartilage and a central area of primitive neuroectodermal tumor with a trabecular, adamantiform histology and prominent angiogenesis. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor was positive for vimentin, synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, CD99, and SOX2 and negative for both the FLI-1 fusion protein and the rearrangement of ESWR1 gene.
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- The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway is frequently altered in bladder cancer, with FGFR3 mutations commonly found in low-grade tumors and RAS gene mutations occurring in about 13% of cases.
- Some bladder tumors have multiple mutations in PI3K-AKT or RAS-MAPK pathway genes, though certain pairs of mutations cannot occur together.
- The study found high levels of phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) and ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) in the tumors, particularly in those with FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations, suggesting potential links between specific mutations and the aggressiveness of bladder cancer.