Cortisol, testosterone and psychosocial responses in the assessment of stress in police officers: a brief systematic review of the literature.

Given the nature of their profession, police officers cannot limit their exposure to stress and trauma, and the endocrine system plays a vital role in regulating and preparing the human body. This study aims to identify studies that have studied the behavior of the hormones cortisol and testosterone in their relationship with the physical and psychological performance of police officers and/or in a training/simulation scenario. The systematic review, limited from 2011 to 2022, was carried out according to the PICO and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses research strategy, considering seven articles for the critical analysis (classified based on the modified Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale).

Malnutrition, Cancer Stage and Gastrostomy Timing as Markers of Poor Outcomes in Gastrostomy-Fed Head and Neck Cancer Patients.

For percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)-fed head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, risk markers of poor outcomes may identify those needing more intensive support. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate markers of poor outcomes using TNM-defined stages, initial anthropometry [body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), tricipital skinfold (TSF), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC)] and laboratory data (albumin, transferrin, cholesterol), with 138 patients, 42-94 years old, enrolled. The patients had cancer, most frequently in the larynx ( = 52), predominantly stage IV ( = 109).

Effects of chronic exercise training on left ventricular dimensions and function in young athletes.

Background: Exercise training-induced hemodynamic and electrophysiological changes in the myocardium lead to physiological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with preserved cardiac contractility and function, which differentiates it from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the latter being responsible for a third of sudden deaths in young athletes. The extent and mechanisms of cardiac adaptation to aerobic training are still poorly understood, which is of concern given the increasing involvement of young athletes in intensive training regimens.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sports training on LV morphology and function at rest in adolescent boys.