Association of Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles with COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in a Spanish Population.

: The aim of the following cross-sectional study is to determine the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and outcomes in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with SARS-CoV-2 infection. : Genotyping was made using the Axiom Human Genotyping SARS-CoV-2 Research Array. Statistical analysis was made with Fisher's exact test and multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age and clinical variables.

Nintedanib in chronic fibrosing interstitial lung diseases. A case series.

Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) can be fatal in non-idiopathic interstitial lung diseases. We report a descriptive series of 13 patients with PPF who received treatment with nintedanib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antifibrotic effect. Although the reduced number of patients and the observational nature of a case series prevent us from providing strong evidence, our results suggest that nintedanib could be effective in PPF of various etiologies.

Radiological usual interstitial pneumonia pattern is associated with two-year mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Introduction: The new diagnostic guidelines for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) did not rule out the possibility of combining the radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and probable UIP, given the similar management and diagnostic capacity. However, the prognostic implications of these patterns have not been fully elucidated, with different studies showing heterogeneous results. We applied the new criteria to a retrospective series of patients with IPF, assessing survival based on radiological patterns, findings, and their extension.

Non-tuberculosis mycobacterial lung disease: Analyses of 62 cases.

Introduction: The objective of our study was to evaluate the frequency of isolation of respiratory infection by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and to analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of patients infected with NTM.

Methods: Retrospective observational study of 83 respiratory samples with NTM isolation from 62 patients between 2015 and 2021 at the Doctor Balmis General University Hospital.

Results: MNT respiratory infection criteria were met in 15 patients (24.

Pathological Findings Associated With SARS-CoV-2 on Postmortem Core Biopsies: Correlation With Clinical Presentation and Disease Course.

Background: Autopsies can shed light on the pathogenesis of new and emerging diseases.

Aim: To describe needle core necropsy findings of the lung, heart, and liver in decedents with COVID-19.

Material: Cross-sectional study of needle core necropsies in patients who died with virologically confirmed COVID-19.

Mosaic attenuation in non-fibrotic areas as a predictor of non-usual interstitial pneumonia pathologic diagnosis.

The new radiological diagnostic criteria for diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) seek to optimize the indications for surgical lung biopsy (SLB). We applied the new criteria to a retrospective series of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) who underwent SLB in order to analyse the correlation between the radiological findings suggestive of another diagnosis (especially mosaic attenuation and its location with respect to fibrotic areas) and the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pathologic diagnosis. Two thoracic radiologists reviewed the HRCT images of 83 patients with ILD and SLB, describing the radiological findings and patterns based on the new criteria.

Granulomatous lymphocytic interstitial lung disease: description of a series of 9 cases.

Introduction: Granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) is one of the most serious non-infectious complications in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Its diagnosis and treatment are challenging.

Objective: To analyse the characteristics of Hospital General Universitario de Alicante patients with CVID and GLILD.

Experience with tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia after 80 days of follow-up: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics and predictors of major outcomes in patients treated with tocilizumab (TCZ) for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Patients And Methods: Case series of all sequential patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia treated with TCZ at an Academic Spanish hospital (March 12 - May 2, 2020). Clinical outcomes: death, length of hospital stay.

Pneumocystis jirovecii in immunocompromised patients with rheumatic diseases.

Infections, including opportunistic infections, are a major and frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, classically considered to be typical of HIV patients, transplanted patients or patients treated with oncological chemotherapy, is appearing increasingly frequently in these patients. Therefore, rheumatologists should know its mechanism of production, clinical manifestations, treatment and prophylaxis, all of which are addressed in this review.

Primary tuberculosis infection in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonists and a negative initial screening.

Introduction: Despite screening for latent tuberculosis (TB), new cases of TB infection are detected in patients treated with anti-TNF-α and negative initial screening, some of them after long treatment, which points more to a new infection.

Objectives: To describe the cases that have presumably developed a primary tuberculous infection during treatment with anti-TNF-α drugs.

Methods: Retrospective audit (1999-2012).

Rothia mucilaginosa pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient.

Rothia mucilaginosa is a gram-postive coccus that occurs as part of the normal flora of the oropharynx and upper respiratory tract. Lower respiratory tract infections caused by this organism are rare and usually occur in immunocompromised patients. This is the case of an immunocompetent 47-year-old woman with right upper lobe pneumonia in which R.

Lymphangitic carcinomatosis as a cause of malignant transient pleural transudate.

Although it is generally accepted that a malignant transient pleural transudate may appear during the early stages of lymphatic obstruction, cases demonstrating such probability are rare in literature. A 67-year-old woman was admitted to hospital because a lymphangitic carcinomatosis and a transudative infrapulmonary pleural effusion with a cytology positive for adenocarcinoma. One month later the effusion keeps being positive for adenocarcinoma but exudative in character.

Successful endovascular treatment of a large idiopathic azygos arch aneurysm.

Idiopathic azygos vein aneurysms are rare and typically present as incidentally discovered mediastinal masses. Treatment is advisable when the aneurysm enlarges or is complicated by compression symptoms, rupture, or thromboembolic disease. The authors describe successful endovascular treatment of a symptomatic azygos vein aneurysm by means of embolization with coils at the azygos vein close to the dilated arch but respecting the bulb itself.