Impact of Cognitive Intervention on Neurocognitive Development of Schoolchildren Exposed to Lead in a Semi-Urban Community in Mexico.

Unlabelled: Lead exposure is a severe public health issue that can adversely affect children's neurocognitive development. A semi-urban community in Mexico has been exposed to lead from food cooked in glazed clay pots. A cognitive intervention was conducted from 2015 to 2016 to minimize this negative impact.

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Objetivo: Actualizar las prevalencias de desnutrición infantil y de sobrepeso más obesidad en menores de cinco años de México, en el ámbito nacional y por grupos de edad y su distribución por variables sociodemográficas. Material y métodos. Se analizó la información de 1 684 menores de cinco años de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2022 (Ensanut 2022).

Proximal determinants of suboptimal early child development during the first three years of life in socially deprived Mexican contexts.

Assessing the status and determinants of early child development (ECD) requires accurate and regularly updated measurements. Yet, little information has been published on the subject in low- and middle-income countries, particularly regarding the proximal determinants of childhood development in contexts of high social marginalization. This article analyzes the factors that favor or mitigate suboptimal ECD outcomes in Mexico.

Differential Effects of Three Nutritional Supplements on the Nutrient Intake of Pregnant Women Enrolled in a Conditional Cash Transfer Program in Mexico: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Supplementation in malnourished pregnant women should not displace natural healthy foods. Objective: To estimate the differential effects of three nutritional supplements on macro- and micronutrient intake of pregnant women beneficiaries of the conditional cash transfer program Prospera (CCT-POP). Methods: Prospective cluster randomized trial.

Early neurological development and nutritional status in Mexican socially deprived contexts.

Early childhood development (ECD) is a critical stage in the intergenerational process of human development. Targeted interventions depend on accurate and up-to-date ECD measurements. This paper presents estimates for the nutritional and neurodevelopmental status of socially marginalized children in Mexico.

Assessing the effect of an educational intervention on early childhood development among Mexican preschool children in the state of Oaxaca: a study protocol of a cluster randomized stepped-wedge trial.

Background: Early childhood development (ECD) is essential in human capacity building and a critical element in the intergenerational process of human development. In some countries, social programs targeted at improving ECD have proven to be successful. Oaxaca is one of the States with the greatest social inequities in Mexico.

Maternal FADS2 single nucleotide polymorphism modified the impact of prenatal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on child neurodevelopment at 5 years: Follow-up of a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Variability in the FADS2 gene, which codifies the Delta-6 Desaturases and modulates the conversion of essential n-3 and n-6 fatty acids into long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, might modify the impact of prenatal supplementation with n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on neurodevelopment.

Objective: To assess if maternal FADS2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) modified the effect of prenatal DHA on offspring development at 5 years.

Design: We conducted a post-hoc interaction analysis of the POSGRAD randomized controlled trial (NCT00646360) of prenatal supplementation with algal-DHA where 1094 pregnant women originally randomized to 400 mg/day of preformed algal DHA or a placebo from gestation week 18-22 through delivery.

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Objetivos. Actualizar la prevalencia de desnutrición y sus tendencias en los últimos 30 años e identificar factores asociados con la baja talla en una muestra representativa nacional de niños <5 años en México. Material y méto-dos.

[Stunting in children population in localities under 100 000 inhabitants in Mexico.].

Objective: To describe the undernutrition prevalence, as well as some sociodemographic characteristics associated to stunting in children under five years old, living on locali- ties with less than 100 000 inhabitants in Mexico in 2012 and 2018.

Materials And Methods: Low weight, stunting and wasting prevalences were calculated in children under 5y according to WHO Growth Reference. A comparison of stunting by sociodemographic and diet diversity variables is presented.

Closing the Nutrition Impact Gap Using Program Impact Pathway Analyses to Inform the Need for Program Modifications in Mexico's Conditional Cash Transfer Program.

Background: Mexico's Prospera-Oportunidades-Progresa Conditional Cash Transfer Program (CCT-POP) included the distribution of fortified food supplements (FFS) for pregnant and lactating women and young children. Rigorous evaluations showed significant impacts on nutrition outcomes but also substantial gaps in addressing nutrition problems.

Objectives: To highlight the program design-related and implementation-related gaps and challenges that motivated further research and the eventual design and roll-out of a modified nutrition component for CCT-POP.

A Fortified Food Can Be Replaced by Micronutrient Supplements for Distribution in a Mexican Social Protection Program Based on Results of a Cluster-Randomized Trial and Costing Analysis.

Background: Despite positive nutrition impacts, the prevalence of malnutrition among beneficiaries of Mexico's conditional cash transfer (CCT) program remains high. Greater nutrition impact may have been constrained by the type of nutritional supplements provided.

Objective: The objective of this study was to inform a potential modification to the supplements distributed to pregnant and lactating women and children.

Height Trajectory During Early Childhood Is Inversely Associated with Fat Mass in Later Childhood in Mexican Boys.

Background: Childhood obesity continues to be a global health problem. Previous research suggests that linear growth retardation or stunting during early childhood increases the risk of obesity, but others have reported that rapid linear growth poses a greater concern than early nutritional status.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if growth trajectories are associated with body composition at age 8-10 y.

Dietary intake and adequacy in Mexican preschool children: National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012.

Objective: to estimate energy, nutrient intake and diet adequacy in preschool-aged children based on data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012.

Material And Methods: dietary data in children < 5 years (n = 1,212) collected through a Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ) were analyzed. Energy and daily nutrient intakes and adequacies were calculated comparing by sociodemographic characteristics.

Prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants and child development trajectories through 7 years.

Background: Prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants such as mold, lead, pesticides, tobacco, and air pollutants has been suggested to impair cognitive development. Evidence is needed from longitudinal studies to understand their joint impact on child development across time.

Objective: To study associations between exposure to indoor environmental pollutants or outdoor air pollution during pregnancy and offspring cognitive development trajectories through 7 years.

Maternal single nucleotide polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase 1 and 2 coding regions modify the impact of prenatal supplementation with DHA on birth weight.

Background: Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene affect the activity and efficiency of enzymes that are responsible for the conversion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into their long-chain active form. A high prevalence of SNPs that are associated with slow PUFA conversion has been described in Hispanic populations.

Objective: We assessed the heterogeneity of the effect of prenatal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on birth weight across selected FADS SNPs in a sample of Mexican women and their offspring.

Prenatal Supplementation with Docosahexaenoic Acid Has No Effect on Growth through 60 Months of Age.

Background: Prenatal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to increase birth size, but it is unclear whether these differences translate into improved postnatal growth.

Objective: We assessed the effect of prenatal supplementation with DHA on offspring weight, length, and body mass index (BMI) through 60 mo of age.

Methods: We examined growth patterns (height, weight, and BMI) in a cohort of 802 Mexican children whose mothers participated in a randomized, controlled trial of daily supplementation with 400 mg/d of DHA or a placebo from week 18-22 of gestation through delivery, with the use of a longitudinal multilevel model of growth.

[Stunting in Mexico in the last quarter century: analysis of four national surveys].

Objective: To describe the magnitude, distribution, and trends of undernutrition and overweight from 1988 to 2006, and provide recommendations for their erradication.

Materials And Methods: Antrhopometric indicators of nutritional status in children <5 y from four surveys were analyzed.

Results: Despite its significant reduction in the study period, stunting remains as a public health problem, with the highest prevalences in indigenous population, the rural south and the lowest living conditions quintile.

Factors associated with overweight and obesity in Mexican school-age children: results from the National Nutrition Survey 1999.

Objective: The objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mexican school-age children (5-11 years) in the National Nutrition Survey 1999 (NNS-1999).

Material And Methods: Overweight and obesity (defined as an excess of adipose tissue in the body) were evaluated through the Body Mass Index (BMI) in 10,901 children, using the standard proposed by the International Obesity Task Force. Sociodemographic variables were obtained using a questionnaire administered to the children's mothers.

Nutritional status of indigenous children younger than five years of age in Mexico: results of a national probabilistic survey.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of undernutrition and anemia in indigenous and non-indigenous children < 5 years of age at the national level, by region and by urban and rural areas, and to evaluate the degree to which the socioeconomic condition of the family predicts the differences.

Material And Methods: A national probabilistic survey was conducted in Mexico in 1999. Indigenous families were identified as those in which at least one woman 12-49 years of age in the household spoke a native language.