Disruption of Erythritol Catabolism via the Deletion of Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase (Fba) and Transaldolase (Tal) as a Strategy to Improve the Rev1 Vaccine.

Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by the genus , which mainly affects domestic animals. In these natural hosts, brucellae display a tropism towards the reproductive organs, such as the placenta, replicating in high numbers and leading to placentitis and abortion, an ability also exerted by the live-attenuated Rev1 strain, the only vaccine available for ovine brucellosis. It is broadly accepted that this tropism is mediated, at least in part, by the presence of certain preferred nutrients in the placenta, particularly erythritol, a polyol that is ultimately incorporated into the central carbon metabolism via two reactions dependent on transaldolase (Tal) or fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (Fba).

A Review on the Methodology and Use of the Pregnant Mouse Model in the Study of Reproductive Pathogenesis and Its Abortifacient Effect.

Brucellosis is one of the most common and widespread bacterial zoonoses and is caused by Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genus . These organisms are able to infect and replicate within the placenta, resulting in abortion, one of the main clinical signs of brucellosis. Although the mouse model is widely used to study virulence and, more recently, to evaluate the protection of new vaccines, there is no clear consensus on the experimental conditions (e.

A novel gluconeogenic route enables efficient use of erythritol in zoonotic .

Brucellosis is a worldwide extended zoonosis caused by pathogens of the genus . While most , , and biovars grow slowly in complex media, they multiply intensely in livestock genitals and placenta indicating high metabolic capacities. Mutant analyses and in infection models emphasize that erythritol (abundant in placenta and genitals) is a preferred substrate of brucellae, and suggest hexoses, pentoses, and gluconeogenic substrates use in host cells.

Characterization of three predicted zinc exporters in identifies ZntR-ZntA as a powerful zinc and cadmium efflux system not required for virulence and unveils pathogenic Brucellae heterogeneity in zinc homeostasis.

causes non-zoonotic ovine brucellosis of worldwide distribution and is responsible for important economic losses mainly derived from male genital lesions and reproductive fails. Studies about the virulence mechanisms of this rough species (lacking lipopolysaccharide O-chains) are underrepresented when compared to the main zoonotic species that are smooth (with O-chains). Zinc intoxication constitutes a defense mechanism of the host against bacterial pathogens, which have developed efflux systems to counterbalance toxicity.

Immune evasion through Toll-like receptor 4: The role of the core oligosaccharides from α2-Proteobacteria atypical lipopolysaccharides.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major players in bacterial infection through the recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The LPS chemical structure, including the oligosaccharide core and the lipid A moiety, can be strongly influenced by adaptation and modulated to assure bacteria protection, evade immune surveillance, or reduce host immune responses. Deep structural understanding of TLRs signaling is essential for the modulation of the innate immune system in sepsis control and inflammation, during bacterial infection.

Development and evaluation of the Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) infection model to study Brucella host-pathogen interaction.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Brucella. These pathogens cause long-lasting infections, a process in which Brucella modifications in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and envelope lipids reduce pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) recognition, thus hampering innate immunity activation. In vivo models are essential to investigate bacterial virulence, mice being the most used model.

A Brucella melitensis H38ΔwbkF rough mutant protects against Brucella ovis in rams.

Brucella melitensis and Brucella ovis are gram-negative pathogens of sheep that cause severe economic losses and, although B. ovis is non-zoonotic, B. melitensis is the main cause of human brucellosis.

The Phospholipid -Methyltransferase and Phosphatidylcholine Synthase Pathways and the ChoXWV Choline Uptake System Involved in Phosphatidylcholine Synthesis Are Widely Conserved in Most, but Not All Species.

The brucellae are facultative intracellular bacteria with a cell envelope rich in phosphatidylcholine (PC). PC is abundant in eukaryotes but rare in prokaryotes, and it has been proposed that uses PC to mimic eukaryotic-like features and avoid innate immune responses in the host. Two PC synthesis pathways are known in prokaryotes: the PmtA-catalyzed trimethylation of phosphatidylethanolamine and the direct linkage of choline to CDP-diacylglycerol catalyzed by the PC synthase Pcs.

Glucose Oxidation to Pyruvate Is Not Essential for Biovar 5 Virulence in the Mouse Model.

species cause brucellosis, a worldwide extended zoonosis. The brucellae are related to free-living and plant-associated α2- and, since they multiply within host cells, their metabolism probably reflects this adaptation. To investigate this, we used the rodent-associated biovar 5, which in contrast to the ruminant-associated and and other biovars, is fast-growing and conserves the ancestral Entner-Doudoroff pathway (EDP) present in the plant-associated relatives.

Disruption of pyruvate phosphate dikinase in Brucella ovis PA CO-dependent and independent strains generates attenuation in the mouse model.

Brucella ovis is a non-zoonotic rough Brucella that causes genital lesions, abortions and increased perinatal mortality in sheep and is responsible for important economic losses worldwide. Research on virulence factors of B. ovis is necessary for deciphering the mechanisms that enable this facultative intracellular pathogen to establish persistent infections and for developing a species-specific vaccine, a need in areas where the cross-protecting ovine smooth B.

Development of attenuated live vaccine candidates against swine brucellosis in a non-zoonotic B. suis biovar 2 background.

Brucella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria that cause brucellosis. B. abortus and B.

Correction to: Rev1 wbdR tagged vaccines against Brucella ovis.

In the original publication of this article [1], the corresponding author points out Pilar M. Muñoz and Raquel Conde‑Alvarez contributed equally to this work.

Rev1 wbdR tagged vaccines against Brucella ovis.

Sheep brucellosis is a worldwide extended disease caused by B. melitensis and B. ovis, two species respectively carrying smooth or rough lipopolysaccharide.

Corrigendum: Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of the Etiological Agent of Canine Orchiepididymitis Smooth sp. BCCN84.3.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.

2-Hydroxylation of Lipid A Contributes to Virulence.

causes a wide range of nosocomial infections. This pathogen is considered a threat to human health due to the increasingly frequent isolation of multidrug-resistant strains. There is a major gap in knowledge on the infection biology of , and only a few virulence factors have been characterized, including lipopolysaccharide.

Prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among febrile patients attending a community hospital in south western Uganda.

Human brucellosis, a chronic disease contracted through contact with animals and consuption of unpasteurized dairy products is underreported in limited-resource countries. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among febrile patients attending a community hospital in South western Uganda. A questionnaire that captured socio-demographic, occupational and clinical data was administered.

WadD, a New Lipopolysaccharide Core Glycosyltransferase Identified by Genomic Search and Phenotypic Characterization.

Brucellosis, an infectious disease caused by , is one of the most extended bacterial zoonosis in the world and an important cause of economic losses and human suffering. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of plays a major role in virulence as it impairs normal recognition by the innate immune system and delays the immune response. The LPS core is a branched structure involved in resistance to complement and polycationic peptides, and mutants in glycosyltransferases required for the synthesis of the lateral branch not linked to the -polysaccharide (O-PS) are attenuated and have been proposed as vaccine candidates.

Molecular recognition of lipopolysaccharide by the lantibiotic nisin.

Nisin is a lanthionine antimicrobial effective against diverse Gram-positive bacteria and is used as a food preservative worldwide. Its action is mediated by pyrophosphate recognition of the bacterial cell wall receptors lipid II and undecaprenyl pyrophosphate. Nisin/receptor complexes disrupt cytoplasmic membranes, inhibit cell wall synthesis and dysregulate bacterial cell division.

The prevalence of brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis in ruminants in Sidi Kacem Province, Morocco.

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) and brucellosis are major endemic zoonoses in ruminants in Morocco that impact on both animal and human health. This study presents an assessment of the epidemiological and socioeconomic burden of bacterial zoonoses in Sidi Kacem Province in Northern Morocco from a cross-sectional survey of 125 cattle and/or small ruminant-owning households. In total, 1082 sheep and goats were examined from 81 households.

Genomic Insertion of a Heterologous Acetyltransferase Generates a New Lipopolysaccharide Antigenic Structure in and .

Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis of worldwide distribution caused by bacteria of the genus . In and , the major species infecting domestic ruminants, the smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) is a virulence factor. This S-LPS carries a -formyl-perosamine homopolymer -polysaccharide that is the major antigen in serodiagnostic tests and is required for virulence.