Bordetella pertussis, responsible for one of the oldest vaccine-preventable diseases in children, has resurged in North America, Europe, Latin America and many countries around the world. Despite new recommended vaccination strategies for adolescents, pregnant women and adults, mortality is still significant in developing and developed countries. For the critical care management of the infant with pertussis, strategies include conventional ventilation, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, inhaled nitric oxygen, exchange transfusion, plasmapheresis and, more recently, leukodepletion.
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