Do women with a previous unintended birth subsequently experience missed opportunities for postpartum family planning counseling? A multilevel mixed effects analysis.

Client-provider communication about family planning (FP) remains an important strategy for preventing unintended pregnancy. Yet, the literature lacks empirical studies examining whether and how women's intendedness of a recent pregnancy may impact subsequent receipt of FP counseling. We investigated whether the intendedness of a recent pregnancy is associated with subsequent missed opportunities (MOs) for FP counseling, taking into account compositional and contextual factors.

Classification of periviable pregnancy-ending interventions for maternal life endangerment as induced abortion.

Objectives: To explore how US obstetrician-gynecologists (OB/GYNs) classify periviable pregnancy-ending interventions for maternal life endangerment.

Study Design: From May to July 2021, we performed an explanatory sequential mixed methods study of US OB/GYNs, recruited through social media and professional listservs. We administered a cross-sectional survey requesting institutional classification of labor induction or surgical evacuation of a 22-week pregnancy affected by intrauterine infection, using chi-square tests and logistic regression to compare determinations by physician and institutional factors.

Access to abortion training.

The changing political landscape has had a significant impact on abortion training in the United States. Access to training in medical and surgical abortion has been improving over the past several decades, though significant barriers exist in training providers adequately. We sought to evaluate access to abortion training to providers, including obstetrician-gynecologists, family practice physicians, and advanced practice providers.

Special report: implementing immediate postpartum LARC in Florida.

Women are often highly motivated to obtain contraception during the immediate postpartum period. However, not all women receive contraception, particularly long-acting reversible contraceptive methods, during this time. One barrier to immediate postpartum contraception is the cost of placing long-acting reversible contraceptives, because such devices have a large upfront cost and historically could not be charged separately from the global delivery fee.

Obstetrics and Gynecology and Family Medicine Residents' Training and Knowledge on Emergency Contraception.

Emergency contraception (EC) has the potential to play a vital role in preventing unintended pregnancies after unprotected sexual intercourse or contraceptive failure. Residency training can influence practice behaviors, however, the extent to which EC-related information is taught in training programs remains unknown. This study examined where residents obtain information about EC and whether knowledge differs by resident program characteristics.

Self-Administered Lidocaine Gel for Intrauterine Device Insertion in Nulliparous Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate self-administration of vaginal lidocaine gel to decrease pain with intrauterine device (IUD) insertion in nulliparous women.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, women self-administered 2% lidocaine or placebo vaginal gel 5 minutes before IUD insertion. The primary outcome was change in pain from baseline to IUD insertion on a 100-mm visual analog scale.

Routine counseling about intrauterine contraception for women seeking emergency contraception.

Objective: To compare contraceptive knowledge and use among women seeking emergency contraception (EC) before and after an inner-city clinic began providing structured counseling and offering same-day intrauterine device (IUD) or implant placement to all women seeking EC.

Study Design: For 8 months before and 21 months after this change in clinic policy, women aged 15-45 who wanted to avoid pregnancy for at least 6 months were asked to complete surveys immediately, 3 and 12 months after their clinic visit. In addition, we abstracted electronic medical record (EMR) data on all women who sought EC (n=328) during this period.

Asking for what she needs? Pregnancy testing or EC?

Background: When used within 5 days of unprotected sex, emergency contraception (EC) can reduce the risk of pregnancy. Our objective was to explore how often women seeking clinic-based pregnancy testing who do not desire pregnancy might benefit from EC and examine variables associated with patients asking for EC when use is indicated.

Study Design: Women seeking pregnancy testing or EC from an inner-city Title-X-funded family planning clinic between January 2011 and June 2012 were invited to complete surveys.

Urethral injury with transobturator midurethral sling.

Transobturator midurethral slings were introduced to avoid retropubic complications such as bladder, urethra, bowel, and major vessel injuries. However, complications are not completely eliminated. We present a urethral injury presenting with urge predominant mixed incontinence.

The combined oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol plus levomefolate calcium.

Introduction: Neural tube defects are the second most common congenital anomaly in the United States, although their incidence may be decreased by periconception folic acid supplementation. A new oral contraceptive containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol plus levomefolate calcium was formulated to decrease the risk of neural tube defects in pregnancies conceived while taking or shortly after discontinuing this pill.

Areas Covered: Because of its novelty, very few studies have been performed to evaluate the efficacy, side effects and safety related to contraception, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and acne; therefore, literature evaluating similar contraceptives without levomefolate is reviewed.

Pathology of opportunistic infections in children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Opportunistic infections (OI) were diagnosed by histology and culture of biopsy and autopsy material in 15 children with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The opportunistic pathogens included Pneumocystic carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, Candida species, Aspergillus species, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus. Seven of 15 patients also had multiple systemic infections with common pathogenic bacteria.

Pathologic pulmonary findings in children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a study of ten cases.

Lung tissue and tissue from the lymphoreticular system obtained at open biopsy and/or autopsy were studied in ten children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). One or both parents of nine of the children had AIDS or risk factors for AIDS. The remaining child had hemophilia.

Anticholinergic challenge and neuroleptic withdrawal. Changes in dyskinesia and symptom measures.

Benztropine mesylate (intravenous [IV] and oral) challenge was compared with brief neuroleptic withdrawal on dyskinesia ratings and symptom measures. Thirty-six neuroleptic-treated patients underwent a placebo-controlled acute IV challenge with 2 mg benztropine and a placebo-controlled two-week trial of oral benztropine mesylate (2 mg three times a day), followed by a double-blind placebo-controlled neuroleptic withdrawal involving four weeks of dose tapering and six weeks of placebo treatment. Benztropine given IV had no significant effect.

Pathology of suspected acquired immune deficiency syndrome in children: a study of eight cases.

Biopsy and/or autopsy material from lymphoreticular and other organs was studied in 8 children with suspected acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). One or both parents of each of these children had one or more of the recognized risk factors for AIDS, such as intravenous drug abuse, prostitution, Haitian origin. The following histologic patterns were noted in the lymph nodes: (1) follicular hyperplasia with normocellular paracortex, (2) follicular hyperplasia with depletion of paracortex, and (3) atrophy of follicles with depletion of paracortex.

Clonazepam and phenobarbital in tardive dyskinesia.

Benzodiazepines have several advantages over other antidyskinetic drugs in treating tardive dyskinesia. The authors conducted a controlled study of clonazepam versus the active placebo of phenobarbital in 21 psychiatric patients with tardive dyskinesia. Both drugs significantly reduced dyskinetic movements: clonazepam had a stronger effect on orofacial dyskinesia, and phenobarbital was more effective for limbs and axial movements.

Ventriculitis, aqueductal stenosis and hydrocephalus in neonatal meningitis: diagnose and treatment.

Five newborns are presented who had meningitis and developed aqueductal stenosis. The diagnosis of obstruction was made by ventriculography during the course of meningitis. A variety of therapeutic measures (use of intraventricular antibiotics, use of reliably diffusible antibiotics, drainage of ventricles) led to varying results.