Outcomes of staged conjunctival flap and corneal transplantation for infectious keratitis resistant to medical treatment.

Background/aims: To explore the outcomes of conjunctival flap (CF) followed by keratoplasty in patients with severe infectious keratitis (IK) unresponsive to medical treatment.

Methods: This is a retrospective monocentric study including 29 eyes of 29 patients with IK resistant to antibiotic treatment associated with stromal ulcer deepening to ≥50% of corneal thickness. All eyes underwent Gundersen's CF procedure and penetrating keratoplasty (PK), deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) or mushroom keratoplasty (MK), at least 4 months thereafter.

Structural en face optical coherence tomography in neovascular and nonneovascularage-related macular degeneration: Use and utility in clinical practice.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. Structural en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an innovative imaging technology that has recently attracted interest because of its potential for assessing AMD features. We conducted a comprehensive review of its application in AMD.

Efficacy and safety of treat-and-extend intravitreal brolucizumab in naive and switched patients with macular neovascularization: one-year follow-up study.

Background: to analyze, at one year, the efficacy and safety of treat-and-extend (T&E) intravitreal (IV) Brolucizumab in patients affected by macular neovascularization (MNV). Both naïve and previously treated (i.e.

Prediction of Functional and Anatomic Progression in Lamellar Macular Holes.

Purpose: To use artificial intelligence to identify imaging biomarkers for anatomic and functional progression of lamellar macular hole (LMH) and elaborate a deep learning (DL) model based on OCT and OCT angiography (OCTA) for prediction of visual acuity (VA) loss in untreated LMHs.

Design: Multicentric retrospective observational study.

Participants: Patients aged >18 years diagnosed with idiopathic LMHs with availability of good quality OCT and OCTA acquisitions at baseline and a follow-up >2 years were recruited.

Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Outer Retinal Atrophy (RORA) in Retinitis Pigmentosa: Functional, Structural, and Genetic Evaluation.

Purpose: To examine whether the extension of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and outer retinal atrophy (RORA) and various other morphofunctional parameters correlate with the genetic assessment and severity of retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Methods: Thirty-eight patients (76 eyes) with RP were prospectively enrolled and underwent full ophthalmic examination, including visual field testing, full-field electroretinography (ERG), and optical coherence tomography angiography. The severity of the disease was calculated using the RP stage scoring system, and the area of RORA was assessed using the automatically calculated area of sub-RPE illumination.

The role of graft cross-linking during keratoplasty in patients with corneal melting.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of corneal crosslinking (CXL) of grafts during keratoplasty (KP) in patients with refractory corneal melting (CM). This is a retrospective case series reporting the clinical outcomes of patients who received a crosslinked corneal graft during penetrating or deep anterior lamellar KP for refractory infectious or sterile CMs. Outcome measures were the recurrence of CM, the time required for epithelial healing following KP, incidence of complications, and necessity for re-transplantation.

Optical Coherence Tomography Advanced Parameters in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Ophthalmological and Neurological Assessments.

Purpose: To evaluate ophthalmological, neurological, radiological, and laboratory data in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to identify new ophthalmological factors that could be helpful as biomarkers of the disease, potentially leading to an earlier prediction of disease course and disability progression.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional-study.

Methods: Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ophthalmological biomicroscopy of the anterior segment and fundus, structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC), and OCT angiography (OCTA) with vascular density (VD) were performed.

Nonpenetrating Foldable Intrastromal Keratoprosthesis: A Review of the Literature.

Purpose: To review the literature focusing on the clinical outcomes of KeraKlear (KK) (KeraMed), a foldable intrastromal keratoprosthesis.

Methods: We searched 6 databases using 4 keywords: KeraKlear, Foldable Keratoprosthesis, Intrastromal Keratoprosthesis, and Non-penetrating Keratoprosthesis. Included studies had to be conducted in vivo on humans, published until January 3, 2023, and had to investigate the implantation of the KK.

Predictive factors for re-bubbling after DMEK: focus on the posterior corneal surface.

Purpose: To understand whether the preoperative morphology of the posterior corneal surface influences the rate of re-bubbling after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: After retrospectively analyzing the medical records of patients undergoing DMEK, in this multicentric cross-sectional study, we performed a binomial logistic regression analysis to assess significant predictors of re-bubbling and re-transplantation after surgery. Analyzed parameters included the preoperative diagnosis, anterior and posterior surface K1/K2, central corneal thickness, posterior Q value, and other posterior corneal surface parameters evaluated on the elevation maps produced by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

A case of cilioretinal artery occlusion: Diagnostic procedures.

Purpose: To evaluate characteristic imaging findings and functional outcomes of Cilioretinal Artery Occlusion (CLRAO) associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Observations: We report the case of a 70-year-old woman presenting with sudden vision loss caused by a GCA-associated-CLRAO in her left eye (LE). A thorough ophthalmologic examination together with optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-Angiography (OCT-A), fluorescein angiography and fundus autofluorescence were performed.

Refractive outcome in combined phacovitrectomy: Anterior segment changes and corrective factor for IOL power calculation improvement.

Purpose: To analyze differences in refractive outcome Δ (difference between postoperative and expected refractive error) and in anterior segment changes between cataract surgery patients and combined phacovitrectomy patients. We also aimed to provide a corrective formula allowing to minimise the refractive outcome Δ in combined surgery patients.

Methods: Candidates for phacoemulsification and combined phacovitrectomy (respectively PHACO and COMBINED groups) were prospectively enrolled in two specialised centres.

Quality of vision and outcomes after bilateral implantation of pseudo-non diffracting beam IOL.

Purpose: To analyze the objective and subjective visual performances of a new hybrid refractive/aspheric extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL).

Methods: In this monocentric prospective study patients with bilateral cataracts underwent cataract surgery and were implanted with a Lucidis IOL (SAV-IOL SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland) in both eyes, 1 week apart from each other. At 3 months from implantation postoperative evaluations included monocular and binocular uncorrected and distance-corrected distant (4 m), intermediate (80 cm, 67 cm) and near (40 cm) visual acuities (UDVA/DCVA, UI80-67VA/DCI80-67VA, UNVA/DCNVA), binocular defocus curves, halometry, contrast sensitivity and objective quality-of-vision measurements.

Trans-Scleral Plugs Fixated FIL SSF IOL: A Review of the Literature and Comparison with Other Secondary IOL Implants.

To revise the current literature on FIL SSF (Carlevale) intraocular lens, previously known as Carlevale lens, and to compare their outcomes with those from other secondary IOL implants. We performed a peer review of the literature regarding FIL SSF IOLs until April 2021 and analyzed the results only of articles with a minimum of 25 cases and a follow-up of at least 6 months. The searches yielded 36 citations, 11 of which were abstracts of meeting presentations that were not included in the analysis because of their limited data.

Subretinal Transplant of Human Amniotic Membrane in Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Macular neovascularization (MNV) and geographic atrophy can complicate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and lead to severe visual acuity reduction. Despite the medical treatments available, with a defect in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) there is no possibility of restoring acceptable visual acuity. We evaluated postoperative outcomes in patients affected by advanced AMD who underwent subretinal implant of the human amniotic membrane (hAM) as a source of pluripotent stem cells.

Refractive error after combined phaco-vitrectomy: A multicentric study.

Purpose: To study the post-operative refractive error (RE) of patients undergoing combined phaco-vitrectomy and to find out which intraocular lens (IOL)-power formula had the best refractive outcomes.

Methods: In this retrospective multicentric study we compared the preoperative expected target with the postoperative RE of patients undergoing combined phaco-vitrectomy due to vitreomacular traction, macular pucker, full thickness macular hole or lamellar macular hole. A multinomial logistic regression was performed to compare the postoperative REs and the differences between expected and postoperative REs among the SRK-T, Olsen's and Holladay-2 formulas.

Seagull wings appearance on optical coherence tomography: A case of peripapillary detachment in pathologic myopia.

Purpose: To report the case of a patient who presented with a peripapillary retinal detachment caused by pathological myopia.

Observations: A 73-year-old female with a clinical history of high myopia was admitted to our ophthalmic department complaining of vision loss in her right eye. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/400 in the left eye.

Microscopic corneal epithelial changes and clinical outcomes in simple limbal epithelial transplantation surgery after treatment with amniotic membrane eye drops (AMED): A case report.

Purpose: To describe the microscopic epithelial changes and the clinical outcomes of a patient treated with amniotic membrane eye drops (AMED) because of a persistent epithelial defect (PED) and a partial limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) after simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Observations: A 72-year-old patient, who had previously undergone SLET and DALK due to a total LSCD, presented with a PED related to a partial LSCD, and was treated with AMED for one month. We evaluated the patient's visual acuity, the Oxford grading scale, the Wong-Baker Pain Rating Scale, and in vivo confocal microscopy, both at baseline and 3 months after the end of treatment.

Treatment of recurrent high myopic macular hole associated with retinal detachment using a human amniotic membrane.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of using a human amniotic membrane to close macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes.

Study Design: Prospective, consecutive, nonrandomized interventional study.

Methods: We included 19 high myopic eyes from 19 patients affected by macular hole retinal detachment who had already undergone vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling.

NEW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS FOR PREDICTION OF LONG-TERM VISUAL IMPROVEMENT AFTER EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE SURGERY.

Purpose: To predict improvement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 1 year after pars plana vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane (ERM) using artificial intelligence methods on optical coherence tomography B-scan images.

Methods: Four hundred and eleven (411) patients with Stage II ERM were divided in a group improvement (IM) (≥15 ETDRS letters of VA recovery) and a group no improvement (N-IM) (<15 letters) according to 1-year VA improvement after 25-G pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling. Primary outcome was the creation of a deep learning classifier (DLC) based on optical coherence tomography B-scan images for prediction.

A case of bilateral pseudophakic malignant glaucoma treated with a new variant of irido-zonulo-hyaloid-vitrectomy.

Purpose: To describe a case of bilateral pseudophakic malignant glaucoma treated with a new variant of irido-zonulo-hyaloid-vitrectomy.

Observations: A patient who developed refractory bilateral pseudophakic malignant glaucoma underwent an irido-zonulo-hyaloid-vitrectomy via the anterior chamber in both eyes, one 2-months apart from the other. The procedure involved the use of an 18 Gauge needle to perform a straight vertical irido-zonulo-hyaloidotomy and a 25 Gauge vitreous cutter to complete the vitrectomy.

OCT angiography analysis of choriocapillaris vascular density in different stages of age-related macular degeneration.

Objectives: To analyze the choriocapillaris vessel density (CVD) of eyes at different stages of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This is a prospective observational cross-sectional study on 21 age-matched healthy eyes and 84 eyes with AMD (i.e.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Estimate Early Retinal Blood Flow Changes after Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery.

Background: To investigate macular microvascular changes after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery according to the cataract severity grade. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study involving 23 eyes of 23 patients who underwent elective cataract extraction. All patients underwent routine ophthalmologic examination, including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) at baseline (preoperative visit, T0) and seven days postoperatively (T7).

Retromode Imaging Modality of Epiretinal Membranes.

(1) Purpose: To determine the characteristics of macular epiretinal membranes (ERM) using non-invasive retromode imaging (RMI) and to compare retromode images with those acquired via fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and fundus photography. (2) Methods: Prospective observational case-series study including patients with macular ERM with no other ocular disease affecting their morphology and/or imaging quality. We compared RMI, FAF and fundus photography features by cropping and overlapping images to obtain topographic correspondence.

Morphological Features of Full-Thickness Macular Holes Using Retromode Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy.

Background And Objective: Retromode scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (RM-SLO) is a new imaging modality displaying pseudo-3D retinal images. We assessed the correlation between the morphological features of full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) when using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and when using RM-SLO.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective observational case series in which patients were examined through SD-OCT and RM-SLO after informed consent was obtained.