Carbohydrate counting and insulin analogs to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus. How to improve metabolic control?

Objectives: Clinical-laboratory comparison of a population of children and adolescents with DM1 followed at a Brazilian outpatient university clinic, at two different periods (2014 and 2020), regarding changes made both to the insulin therapy scheme and to the nutritional approach to carbohydrate counting.

Methods: The data of patients with DM1 aged 0-19 years enrolled in the service in 2014 and 2020 were collected. Student's t-test was performed to compare the means of HbA1c and the variables of interest.

Congenital hyperinsulinism and surgical outcome in a single tertiary center in Brazil.

Objective: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a heterogeneous genetic disease characterized by increased insulin secretion and causes persistent hypoglycemia in neonates and infants due to dysregulation of insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells. Babies with severe hypoglycemia and for whom medical treatment has been ineffective usually require surgical treatment with near-total pancreatectomy. To evaluate the clinical and surgical aspects affecting survival outcomes in babies diagnosed with CHI in a single tertiary care center.

Teleconsultation for pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience of a university hospital in Brazil.

Objective: Evaluate the impact of teleconsultation on glycemic control and prevention of acute complications related to diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents treated in a reference hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.

Method: Descriptive study of data from pediatric diabetic patients who received teleconsultation between April and September 2020.

Results: During this period, 143 diabetic patients were evaluated, with a median of 3.

DKA and new-onset type 1 diabetes in Brazilian children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

We assess the severity and frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) patients and in patients with previous diagnosis of T1D in a referral Brazilian university hospital in the first five months of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also compare the data with data from pre-pandemic periods. Forty-three new-onset T1D patients were diagnosed between April and August of the years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020.

Clinical and molecular data from 61 Brazilian cases of Congenital Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia.

Objective: To study the clinical and molecular characteristics of a sample of Brazilian patients with Congenital Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia (CHH).

Methods: Electronic message was sent to members from Endocrinology Department- Brazilian Society of Pediatrics requesting clinical data for all cases of CHH. A whole blood sample from living patients was requested for DNA extraction followed by a search for mutations of the genes ABCC8, KCNJ11, GCK, GLUD1, HADH, SLC16A1 and HNF4A.

Insulin pump therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To review the current experience with insulin pump therapy in children and adolescents in order to guide pediatricians regarding indications and complications.

Sources Of Data: Systematic review of articles published in the literature referring to the use of insulin pump therapy, indications, complications and response to treatment. All articles published between 1995 and 2005 and appearing in the MEDLINE and LILACS databases were reviewed.

Is immunity in diabetic patients influencing the susceptibility to infections? Immunoglobulins, complement and phagocytic function in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Previous reports suggest an increased susceptibility of diabetes patients to infections, but little information is available on possible underlying immunologic dysfunctions. The aim of this study was to evaluate humoral factors in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: There were 66 diabetic patients (39 males:27 females; 5-17 yr) classified into two groups according to levels of glycohemoglobin (limit 9%): Group C - controlled (n = 33) and Group UC - uncontrolled (n = 33).