[Prevalence of stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease in New Caledonia].

New Caledonia is a French territory located in the South Pacific Ocean. The prevalence rate of end-stage renal disease is nearly 3,000 per million inhabitants, making it one of the highest prevalence rates in the world. Preventing chronic kidney disease is a major public health issue.

Radiofrequency guidewire-facilitated recanalization of chronic thoracic central venous occlusions in hemodialysis patients.

Purpose: To assess the outcome and safety of radiofrequency (RF) wire recanalization in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic central venous occlusions (CVO).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of ESRD patients who underwent RF-wire recanalization of symptomatic chronic thoracic CVO from January 2017 to August 2022 yielded 20 patients who underwent 21 procedures. All patients had undergone at least one prior unsuccessful attempt at central venous recanalization using conventional catheter-based techniques.

Percutaneous Management of Dialysis Access Steal Syndrome: Interventions and Outcomes from a Single Institution's 20-Year Experience.

Purpose: To determine safety and effectiveness of percutaneous interventions performed by interventional radiologists at a single institution over 2 decades in patients with dialysis access steal syndrome (DASS).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of fistulograms from 2001 to 2021 (N = 11,658) was performed. In total, 286 fistulograms in 212 patients with surgically created dialysis accesses met inclusion criterion of fistulography for suspected DASS.

Preeclampsia Prediction Using Machine Learning and Polygenic Risk Scores From Clinical and Genetic Risk Factors in Early and Late Pregnancies.

Background: Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific condition associated with new-onset hypertension after 20-weeks gestation, is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Predictive tools to understand which individuals are most at risk are needed.

Methods: We identified a cohort of N=1125 pregnant individuals who delivered between May 2015 and May 2022 at Mass General Brigham Hospitals with available electronic health record data and linked genetic data.

Association between End-Stage Renal Disease and Major Adverse Limb Events after Peripheral Vascular Intervention.

Purpose: To examine the effect of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on the likelihood of major adverse limb events (MALEs) in patients with Rutherford Category 4-6 critical limb ischemia (CLI) who underwent percutaneous vascular intervention (PVI).

Materials And Methods: Two contemporaneous cohorts of patients who underwent PVI for symptomatic CLI from 2012 to 2022, differing in ESRD status, were matched using propensity score methods. This database identified 628 patients who underwent 1,297 lower extremity revascularization procedures; propensity score matching yielded 147 patients (180 limbs, 90 limbs in each group).

An Interpretable Longitudinal Preeclampsia Risk Prediction Using Machine Learning.

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease characterized by new onset hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation that affects 2-8% of all pregnancies and contributes to up to 26% of maternal deaths. Despite extensive clinical research, current predictive tools fail to identify up to 66% of patients who will develop preeclampsia. We sought to develop a tool to longitudinally predict preeclampsia risk.

Frequent vascular access thrombosis in a patient with end stage kidney disease on hemodialysis.

Vascular access thrombosis (VAT) is common among patients receiving hemodialysis and leads to missed dialysis treatments, hospitalizations, catheter placement, and graft/fistula abandonment. This article reviews the association between hypercoagulability and VAT and the high prevalence of hypercoagulable states in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). This article reviews the role of antithrombotic and anticoagulant medications in preventing VAT.

Comparison of Tc-DTPA and Cr-EDTA for glomerular filtration rate measurement with the continuous infusion method.

Background: In late 2018, the production of Chromium-labelled ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (Cr-EDTA), a validated and widely used radio-isotopic tracer for measuring glomerular filtration rate, was halted. Technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Tc-DTPA) has been validated for GFR measurement with a single bolus injection, a procedure not suitable in patients with extracellular compartment hyperhydration. In such cases, a bolus followed by continuous infusion of the tracer is required.

A Methodology for a Scalable, Collaborative, and Resource-Efficient Platform, MERLIN, to Facilitate Healthcare AI Research.

Healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to increase patient safety, augment efficiency and improve patient outcomes, yet research is often limited by data access, cohort curation, and tools for analysis. Collection and translation of electronic health record data, live data, and real-time high-resolution device data can be challenging and time-consuming. The development of clinically relevant AI tools requires overcoming challenges in data acquisition, scarce hospital resources, and requirements for data governance.

Prediction of Preeclampsia from Clinical and Genetic Risk Factors in Early and Late Pregnancy Using Machine Learning and Polygenic Risk Scores.

Background: Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific condition associated with new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks gestation, is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Predictive tools to understand which individuals are most at risk are needed.

Methods: We identified a cohort of N=1,125 pregnant individuals who delivered between 05/2015-05/2022 at Mass General Brigham hospitals with available electronic health record (EHR) data and linked genetic data.

Comparison of artificial intelligence and human-based prediction and stratification of the risk of long-term kidney allograft failure.

Background: Clinical decisions are mainly driven by the ability of physicians to apply risk stratification to patients. However, this task is difficult as it requires complex integration of numerous parameters and is impacted by patient heterogeneity. We sought to evaluate the ability of transplant physicians to predict the risk of long-term allograft failure and compare them to a validated artificial intelligence (AI) prediction algorithm.

An Orchestration Platform that Puts Radiologists in the Driver's Seat of AI Innovation: a Methodological Approach.

Current AI-driven research in radiology requires resources and expertise that are often inaccessible to small and resource-limited labs. The clinicians who are able to participate in AI research are frequently well-funded, well-staffed, and either have significant experience with AI and computing, or have access to colleagues or facilities that do. Current imaging data is clinician-oriented and is not easily amenable to machine learning initiatives, resulting in inefficient, time consuming, and costly efforts that rely upon a crew of data engineers and machine learning scientists, and all too often preclude radiologists from driving AI research and innovation.

Sodium Bicarbonate Prescription and Extracellular Volume Increase: Real-world Data Results from the AlcalUN Study.

Oral alkalization with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ) or citrate is prescribed for conditions ranging from metabolic acidosis to nephrolithiasis. Although most nephrologists/urologists use this method routinely, extracellular volume (ECV) increase is the main feared adverse event reported for NaHCO . Thus far, no trial has specifically studied this issue in a real-world setting.

Acute Myocarditis Revealing Adult-Onset Still's Disease.

A 34-year-old man presented with fever, palpitations, maculopapular rash, pharyngitis, left cheilitis, and bilateral gonalgia. High-sensitivity troponin I concentration was 4,900 ng/l. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed reduced global longitudinal strain.

Renal Function Decline With Small Interfering RNA Silencing Aminolevulinic Acid Synthase 1 (ALAS1).

Introduction: Givosiran is an RNA interference therapeutic designed to block the synthesis of the aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthase 1 (ALAS1) enzyme in patients with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). Givosiran may have adverse effects on the kidney.

Methods: We performed a descriptive case series of renal function parameters of all the patients who received givosiran in France.

Cytotoxic CD8 T cells promote granzyme B-dependent adverse post-ischemic cardiac remodeling.

Acute myocardial infarction is a common condition responsible for heart failure and sudden death. Here, we show that following acute myocardial infarction in mice, CD8 T lymphocytes are recruited and activated in the ischemic heart tissue and release Granzyme B, leading to cardiomyocyte apoptosis, adverse ventricular remodeling and deterioration of myocardial function. Depletion of CD8 T lymphocytes decreases apoptosis within the ischemic myocardium, hampers inflammatory response, limits myocardial injury and improves heart function.

Cross-lingual Unified Medical Language System entity linking in online health communities.

Objective: In Hebrew online health communities, participants commonly write medical terms that appear as transliterated forms of a source term in English. Such transliterations introduce high variability in text and challenge text-analytics methods. To reduce their variability, medical terms must be normalized, such as linking them to Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) concepts.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonmaturing Fistulae for Hemodialysis Access via Transradial Approach: A Case-Control Study.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of transradial access for endovascular treatment of nonmaturing hemodialysis fistulae compared to brachial arteriography followed by unidirectional or bidirectional fistula access for intervention.

Materials And Methods: In this institutional review board-approved, retrospective, case-control study, 56 consecutive patients with nonmaturing arteriovenous fistulae underwent percutaneous intervention between 2015 and 2018. The transradial group (n = 28) underwent radial artery access for diagnostic fistulography and intervention.

The Controversy of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy With Intravenous Contrast: What Is the Risk?

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has long been observed in both experimental and clinical studies. However, recent observational studies have questioned the prevalence and severity of CIN following intravenous contrast exposure. Initial studies of acute kidney injury following intravenous contrast were limited by the absence of control groups or contained control groups that did not adjust for additional acute kidney injury risk factors, including prevalent chronic kidney disease, as well as accepted prophylactic strategies.

Potential antiedematous effects of intravitreous anti-VEGF, unrelated to VEGF neutralization.

The intravitreous injection of therapeutic proteins that neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members is efficient to reduce macular edema associated with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). It has revolutionized the visual prognosis of patients with macular edema. The antiedematous effect is dependent on an intravitreous dose of drug, which varies between patients and requires frequent and repeated injections to maintain its effects.